Phase III Flight Safety CGBA PGBA-04 Payload PGBA BioServe Space Technologies A Life Sciences – NASA Commercial Space Center Alex Hoehn Assoc. Director Engineering / Safety, BioServe Sherry Woodard Engineering / Safety, BioServe BioServe Space Technologies, 429, UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0429, Tel. (303) 492-1005, Fax (303) 492-8883 1 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Acronyms CGBA Commercial Generic BioProcessing Apparatus – payload name, uses ICM. EL-Display Electro-luminescent Display (yellow on back background), used in CGBA. EOM End of Mission in GMT time (expected Shuttle landing time). ER Express Rack. EWAC / ECW Emergency Warning and Caution (0=nominal, 1=Advisory, 3=Warning=Shutdown). EXPRESS EXpedite the PRocessing of Experiments to Space Station. FPA Fluid Processing Apparatus. FRB Failure Review Board. GAP Group Activation Pack. GE Gas Exchange (employs hydrophobic membrane for liquid containment). ICM Isothermal Containment Module – a modular incubator for CGBA payload. IM-GAP Internal Motor – Group Activation Pack. LCD Liquid Crystal Display, used in PGBA. PGBA Plant Generic BioProcessing Apparatus – a spaceflight greenhouse. 2 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA-4 – STS-112 / ISS.9A Payload Overview PGBA-4 / STS-112 – ISS.9A -> ISS.11A – Inc.5 : • Science Summary. • Reflight (4 th ) of PGBA, first ISS flight. • Modifications since STS-94. » Split coolant system / dual pump. » Modified nutrient delivery for timed germination. Plant Access on Orbit: • Reverification of plant chamber seal. Re-baseline PGBA hazard reports: • Generic HR now in STD-PGBA (JSC-1230). • Updated unique HR to latest ISS references. • Review of Hazard Reports. 3 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Science Overview Investigate time course of genetic changes due to microgravity exposure: � 30 Arabidopsis thaliana plants: � Biologically simple (mustard-type plant) . � Fast growth rate – matures in 4-6 weeks. � Entire genome sequenced. Mature plant, 4-6 weeks. � Two crops during Inc.5, automated, time- staggered germination, some germinated pre-launch: � 1 st crop sown pre-flight, multiple automated germinations, single harvest, fixed on-orbit. � 2 nd crop sown in-flight, automated germination, fixed on ground post-flight. Plant as harvested from PGBA, 3 weeks. 4 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Payload Overview PGBA-03: STS-94 in Proto-EXPRESS / Spacelab. PGBA-04: Mufflers for ISS. STS-77: 10 day mission No PGBA anomalies,but: STS-83: 4 day aborted MSL-1 - transfer issues / lesson learned STS-94: 16 day MSL-1 5 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Faceplate with mufflers (ISS) 1 air outlet on exhaust muffler. 4 standard NSTS locker latches. Standard EXPRESS power and data interfaces. 4 air inlets on inlet muffler. Mufflers attached with Velcro. 6 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Faceplate without mufflers (NSTS) Air outlet Standard NSTS locker latches with modified handles. LCD display with touch screen, which can be enabled / disabled. Enabled: Touch screen responsive. Disabled: Touch screen will not respond. Air inlet screen. 7 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Connectors & Switches Standard EXPRESS power and data interfaces. Mandatory tethered connector caps with Velcro. Main Power circuit breaker / LED and touch screen enable switch (guarded). Brace for Air Inlet muffler (Velcro attachment). PFE Access 8 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Installation / GSE Equipment • Red eyebolts for Spacehab Tunnel Installation • GSE handles for transport / overhead installation (captive fasteners not shown). 9 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Transfer Operations: PGBA to / from ISS Powered transfer to maintain PGBA � environmental control. Limit to 60 minutes power off time. � Locker replacement unit requires 8 captive � fastener for mounting (generic ISS tools). Changes since MSL-1: � Captive fasteners / radial float on PGBA. � PMPs remain in middeck. � No tether requirement for rapid safing. � Assume: transfers now ‘routine’. � PGBA Transfer: Middeck to Spacelab, STS-94. PD does not train astronauts on transfer � operations. 10 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
ISS Operations – Status Check / Maintenance Status Check per Cue Card: PGBA (ER#4, position 7/8) : CGBA (ER#4, position 3) : √ Power LED On ? √ Power LED On ? � � √ Airflow at Exhaust ? √ Airflow at Exhaust ? � � √ EWAC=0 ? √ Set Temp = Actual Temp ? � � √ Time Incrementing ? � √ Time Incrementing ? � Maintenance: Clean inlet screens � Maintenance: Clean inlet screen on muffler. � (4) on muffler. (Mufflers remain attached) (Mufflers remain attached) 11 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Operations: Open PGBA Faceplate Plant Chamber lid still closed: Inspect for free water. • 4 locker latches open. • Faceplate rotated around bottom edge (hinged). 12 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Remove Plant Chamber Lid Screws 10 captive fasteners (1-2 turns). Pull lid uniformly (parallel) from chamber. 13 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Harvesting Plant Reach in, rotate each insert 2-3 turns ccw, then remove insert with plant. Repeat for all 30 plants, fix and store in CGBA. Harvesting / Insertion of new seed plug (30x) into PGBA. Insert new seed plug, rotate cw until tight. 14 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
ISS Operations – Harvesting Fixative Tube End cap – remove to insert plant Plunger rod – connect after plant insertion Remove fixative tube from CGBA, harvest � plant, place plant in tube, attach plunger rod, inject fixative - slowly, store in CGBA. Repeat for entire PGBA crop 30x. � 15 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Operations – Sowing Removable Plug � Place new dry seed plugs into PGBA root tray, one at a time (30x). Close chamber lid, hand-tighten 10 captive � Plastic Covered fasteners 2-3 times to ensure good seal. Steel Wire Close PGBA faceplate, aligning pins and locking � latches (4x). Reconnect cables, power up PGBA. � Small Plastic Replace mufflers. � Centrifuge Perform PGBA Status Check. � Tube Plastic Felt Line 16 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Re-Attach and Re-seal Plant Chamber Lid Tighten screws 2-3 times around Attach chamber lid and push 5 down. Tighten 10 captive fasteners (1-2 turns) going around perimeter until finger-tight. 2-3 times 4 Finger-tighten 1-2 more times to ensure proper seal. (Optional battery-powered 1 screw driver with Phillips head 2 3 bit.) 17 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
PGBA Plant Chamber 18 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Atmosphere Treatment System Intake from PGC Light Hydrophobic Filter Pressure Temperature CO2 Relative Humidity Sealed Plant O 2 O2 Growth Mixing Chamber Circulation CO 2 Return to Cabin H 2 O Delta-P Delta-P C2H4 Scrubber CO2 BaOH Scrubber O2 Hydrophobic Activated Filter Carbon Filter PGC Intake from Return Cabin 19 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Plant Growth Chamber - Intentionally Vented Container Water trap Max. Differential Pressure across one (1) Relief Valve Intake 40 liter plant chamber volume, Circle Seal 259-2PP Relief Valve, 0.3 psid from PGC 0.8 Max. Trans-Membrane Diff. Pressure [psid] Hydrophobic 0.7 Filter 0.567 psid @ -24psi/min 0.6 CO2 -24 psi/min 0.5 Sealed - 9 psi/min Plant 0.4 O2 Growth Chamber 0.398 psid @ -9psi/min 0.3 Return to Cabin 0.2 0.1 Delta-P Delta-P 0.0 C2H4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Scrubber Time [sec] BaOH CO2 Scrubber O2 Hydrophobic Activated Filter Carbon Filter PGC Intake from Return Cabin 20 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Atmosphere Treatment System Intake from PGC Hydrophobic Filter CO2 Sealed Plant O2 Growth Chamber Return to Cabin Delta-P Delta-P Atmosphere Treatment Cartridge: C2H4 Scrubber • Barium Hydroxide BaOH CO2 Scrubber • Activated Charcoal O2 3 levels of containment: Hydrophobic Activated Filter Carbon • Stainless steel frit Filter PGC Intake from Return Cabin • Glass mesh • Stainless steel screen 21 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Humidity Control / Condensate Recovery Comb Comb Root Pack Root Pack Removable Removable Lid Lid Soil Soil Needle Needle Root Pack Root Pack Bottom Bottom Rubber Rubber Base Base Septa Septa 22 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Electric Subsystem 23 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Data Acquisition and Control 24 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Shock Hazard / Power Distribution LCD Backlighting LCD Backlighting 25 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Thermal Subsystem 26 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Pressurized Systems – Atmosphere Treatment System 27 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Pressurized Systems – Temperature Control Loop 28 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Pressurized Systems – Humidity Control Loop 29 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
Pressurized Systems – Nutrient Delivery System 30 CGBA + PGBA Phase 3 (STS-110, STS-112)
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