Perspec ectives es from om t the FOO Surf rface Waves Work rking Group Mark Hemer (CSIRO) Daryl Metters (Qld DSITI) Alex Babanin (Univ. Melb) Tim Moltmann (IMOS) Paul Boswood (Qld DSITI) Roger Proctor (IMOS) Diana Greenslade (BoM) Emma Sommerville (IMOS) Jess Kolbusz (Carnegie) Craig Steinberg (AIMS) Ryan Lowe (UWA) Greg Williams (RPS MetOcean)
Following FOO 2015 • Many reasons identified at FOO2015 motivating formation of the FOO SWWG • Source of error in swell • Combining spectral and phase-resolving wave models • Ocean (vs lake) observations to inform source-term development • Shallow water bathymetry for nearshore waves • Group held first meeting in February 2016, with 4 meetings since.
Group Discussions • Have focussed predominantly on data availability to support Australia’s marine community • Review of National Marine Science Plan white-papers - Waves feature in three chapters: • Energy Security • Dealing with Climate Variability and Change • Sovereignty, Security and Natural Hazards • Summarised as: • Wave obs are patchy in space, time, quality; there is a need for a standardised, centralised repository • Many stakeholders can utilise wave obs, and access and analysis offers economic benefits • Models (forecast and hindcast) need validation with obs for credibility; forecasts and hindcasts are suffering from lack of obs.
Australia’s in-situ wave observing network Public Industry (RPS QC wind/wave) Woodside PPA Qld DSITI NSW OEH/MHL WA DoT Network not centralised BoM ESSO Each custodian has variations of: • Sampling strategy • Analysis & QA/QC procedures Archived variables. •
Australia’s wave observing network IMOS ANMN NRS & ACORN WERA HF Radar Sites Darwin NRS (ADCP) Yongala NRS (ADCP) Nth Strad NRS (MRU) BoM Maria Is NRS (MRU) +SOTS (Triaxys, MRU)
SRS Wave Measurements Altimeters SENTINEL-3C SENTINEL-3B Altimeters + SAR SENTINEL-3A SAR JASON-3 SARAL Other CRYOSAT JASON-2 SKIM? ENVISAT SWOT JASON-1 CFOSAT/SWIM GFO-1 NISAR ERS-2 SENTINEL-1C TOPEX SENTINEL-1B ERS-1 SENTINEL-1A GEOSAT 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 New IMOS SRS Waves sub-facility
Wave platform inter-comparisons • Many new platforms now available for wave measurements • AIMS, Qld DSITI & Scripps and other interested partners propose to inter-compare existing and emerging platforms: Coastal arrays of waverider buoys Drifters &/or tethered buoys Wave capable ADCPs in coastal locations (e.g. Yongala, Darwin NRS) Ocean Surface RADARs Satellite Altimeters (SWOT) WaveGlider (2018 Townsville-Hobart)
Australian Wave Model Datasets Operational • BoM AUSWAVE-G, AUSWAVE-R • Industry Hindcasts • CAWCR Wave Hindcast (1979-present; Durrant et al., 2014; Hemer et al., 2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.4225/08/523168703DCC5 Atlas: http://www.nationalmap.gov.au/renewables • NSW OEH (1979-2016) • Other Service Provider models Many other regional models Wave climate projections
Identifying gaps in wave observation network Maximum Correlation (Greenslade et al. in prep ) • Possibility for new wave buoy supported via IMOS (project provisionally accepted) • In order to identify significant gaps in existing network, the spatial coherence of the wave field needs to be considered • Spatial coherence determined using CAWCR wave hindcast Area represented by each buoy • For every grid point in hindcast, calculate correlation between (modelled) mean monthly wave height at that location, and (modelled) mean monthly wave height at all buoy locations • Repeated for Tm and Dm
Considerations The SWWG has focused on observation coverage. Little consideration (to date) has been given by group to distinguishing: • Application of the data (e.g., offshore or coastal infrastructure, public safety, weather forecasting, research, etc) • Real-time &/or availability • Temporal coverage (Historical, Continuous, Seasonal or ‘spot’) • Data-quality (Raw, QA’ed, computer QCed, or expert QCed data)
Wave observation Information Flow Adapted from IOOS Operational Wave Observation Plan (2008) Observations Models Societal Goals • Safe & Efficient Maritime • Satellite Remote Sensing Global and Regional operations Offshore & (Altimetry and SAR) Wave Prediction Natural hazards • Outer Shelf • Directional Wave Buoys • Search & Rescue • Climate (air-sea int) • Remotely Sensed • Public health (Altimetry, SAR, HF Radar) Nearshore Wave • Coastal Engineering Inner Shelf • Directional Wave Buoys Prediction • Planning and Design & Coastal Bottom mounted wave & • current sensors • Beach safety (e.g., rips) • Directional Wave Buoys Surf Zone Wave & • Public Health Surf • Bottom mounted wave & Current Prediction • Natural Hazards current sensors (flooding/erosion) • Beach Change • Beach Surveys & Mapping Sediment Transport • Coastal Evolution with Beach Prediction Climate Change Information Flow
Wave observation Information Flow Adapted from IOOS Operational Wave Observation Plan (2008) See See Ian Young’s Aihong Observations Models Societal Goals Keynote@1510 Zhong’s • Safe & Efficient Maritime talk@1600 • Satellite Remote Sensing Global and Regional operations Offshore & (Altimetry and SAR) Wave Prediction Natural hazards • Outer Shelf • Directional Wave Buoys • Search & Rescue • Climate (air-sea int) • Remotely Sensed • Public health (Altimetry, SAR, HF Radar) Nearshore Wave • Coastal Engineering See Inner Shelf • Directional Wave Buoys Prediction • Planning and Design & Coastal Jeff Hansen’s Bottom mounted wave & • talk@1740 current sensors • Beach safety (e.g., rips) • Directional Wave Buoys Surf Zone Wave & • Public Health Surf • Bottom mounted wave & Current Prediction • Natural Hazards current sensors (flooding/erosion) • Beach Change • Beach Surveys & Mapping Sediment Transport • Coastal Evolution with Beach Prediction Climate Change Information Flow
Concluding Remarks • After FOO2015, The FOO SWWG was established. If ongoing, stronger industry representation would be welcomed • Initial priorities focussed on R&D physical challenges for wave community. • Discussions have focussed on obs coverage, with a need to still identify what is needed to address FOO challenges • Priorities of the FOO SWWG (or Australian Community with Wave interests) have not been resolved – but need to be. • Next steps: collaborative research priority setting for waves in Australia 1 st step - solicit research questions from influencers (r&d, service providers, industry, users, policy-makers, funders,…) via multiple channels. Starting now…
Opportunity for waves community to identify and discuss priorities is upcoming later in 2017 Register interest/ Submit abstract before Aug 18 to 3windwaves-oceans@uwa.edu.au
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