International Civil Aviation Organization PBN airspace design Seminar/workshop, AFI-FPP, Dakar, 26-28 March 2014 26 March 2014
SUMMARY AFI FPP • Background • ICAO documents • Objective • Process overview AFI-FPP contribution • 2 26 March 2014
Background AFI FPP Move of Global airspace from conventional navigation to PBN which • facilitate predictable flight paths. • Airspace design is component of the Airspace concept based on clearly defined operational requirements. Potential Consequence concerned stakeholders may need to make changes (financial upgrade ) to • equipment, resources and airplanes. • To assure the successful of this airspace development, it’s necessary to respect the process as defined by ICAO. 3 26 March 2014
Background AFI FPP airspace concept is a master plan of the intended airspace design and its • operation as regard to the satisfaction of strategic objectives (safety, capacity, flight efficiency, access, environment). 4 26 March 2014
ICAO DOCUMENT AFI FPP o PBN manual (Doc 9613) o Air Traffic Services Planning Manual (Doc 9426) o PANS-ATM (Doc 4444); o PANS-OPS (Doc 8168); o RCP manual (Doc 9869); o CDO Manual (Doc 9931); o CCO Manual (Doc 9993); o manual on the use of PBN in airspace Design(Doc 9992) 5 26 March 2014
OBJECTIVE AFI FPP This module has two main objectives: • o enlighten the ICAO process Activities to develop when creating or modifying the PBN Airspace Concept. o inform States of the availability of AFI-FPP to contribute in the national/ subregional implementation of PBN airspace design. 6 26 March 2014
PROCESS OVERVIEW AFI FPP Planning Implementation (4 phases) (6 phases) Validation Design (3 phases) (4 phases) 7 26 March 2014
PROCESS OVERVIEW AFI FPP Iteration 8 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: Agree on operational requirements (1/6) AFI FPP Operational requirements tend to be reasonably high level and so they are often decided at a high managerial level Strategic objectives Sample ops Sample PBN project Strategic objectives Sample ops Sample PBN project requirement objectives requirement objectives Increase Addition of new Design new RNP Increase Use airspace users Develop ATS Route capacity runway SIDs/STARs for new flight efficiency on-board capability network based on runway and adapt Advanced RNP existing ATS Route network to PBN Increase safety Improve vertical Introduce RNP On Approach profile enabling APCH or RNP AR APCH stabilised approaches Increase Increase in air traffic Design new RNAV or capacity RNP routes handling Increase Improve vertical Redesign RNP SID/ traffic increase flight interaction STAR interactions and adapt SIDs/STARs efficiency between and move SIDs to new ATS Routes flights to avoid clear of holding areas network unnecessary levelling off Reduce Avoid noise sensitive Design of RNP environmental areas at night SIDs/STARs with Increase Provide alternative Develop RNP APCH impact CCO and CDO access to conventional Procedures NPA The requirements driving an airspace design should be clearly stated in a written document detailing strategic objectives so that subsequent work has a clear direction. 9 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: create the airspace Design Team (2/6) AFI FPP o In order to tackle the operational requirements, it's necessary to have an integrated team of people working together: the Airspace Design Team. o Commonly, this team is led by an ATM specialist with strong project management skills, an in-depth operational knowledge of the specific airspace under review and a sound knowledge of PBN. 10 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: Agree on objectives, scope and timeline (3/6) AFI FPP o Project objectives derived from the project ops requirements o Depending on time and resources , design team break all down into timescale. 11 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: Analyse the Reference Scenario – Collect Data (4/6) AFI FPP New airspace reference compare performance performance Reference New airspace scenario (existing all concept airspace) • reference scenario: benchmark against which the new airspace concept can be compared. 12 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: Select performance criteria, safety policy and safety criteria(5/6) AFI FPP Performance criteria are to be identified in the regulator’s Safety Policy • promulgated at a national or regional level; • Safety policy concerns itself with questions like: o Which Safety Management System should be used? o Which Safety Assessment Methodology should be used? o What evidence is needed to show that the airspace concept is safe? • In deciding the project’s objectives and scope, it is necessary to know how a project’s success can be measured in terms of performance. 13 26 March 2014
PLANNING PHASE: Agree on ATM/CNS assumptions (6/6) AFI FPP To set up assumptions, communication is needed with aircraft operators, • regulators and all other affected stakeholders to obtain a realistic estimate of current and future fleet capabilities and to undertake a realistic cost- benefit analysis. • anticipated fleet capabilities are used to identify which existing ICAO navigation specifications can be applied to subsequent design phases. 14 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Overview AFI FPP Requirements • qualitative assessment and operational judgement of stakeholders; • To be able to use paper and pencil; • software support, particularly during the detailed design stage. Goal coherence between en route and terminal airspace based on real aircraft • performance information. 15 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Airspace routes and holds (1/4) AFI FPP Care must be taken in selecting the departure and arrival route crossing • points to ensure that neither arriving nor departing nor holding aircraft are constrained. It is important to have a good understanding of the fleet performance (RF, FRT, offset…) Methodology • Holds for sequencing or regulation • Longer arrival routes pre-plans advanced sequencing through a manual or automated arrival • management system in order to maintain a balanced stream of traffic • also some ATM methods developed to allow efficient sequencing traffic depending on CDO practices. • And other 16 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Airspace routes and holds (1/4) AFI FPP 17 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Initial procedure design (2/4) AFI FPP This phase comprises four steps: • 1. what navigation performance is needed to achieve the intended design? 2. Do the fleet capability reach the navigation performance required by the intended design; 3. Is the NAVAID coverage sufficient to support the intended design ? 4. Are proposed routes and holds feasible in compliance with navigation performance needed, available NAVAID coverage and the obstacle constraints. 18 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Airspace volumes and sectorization (3/4) AFI FPP Activity 6 Activity 7 Activity 8 Activity 12 CNS/ATM Routes& Initial Finalisation of assumptions holds procedure procedure Designer Design Volumes and sectors • Objective: protect routes and holds vertically and laterrally • Once the structure is complete, the airspace is sectorized for purposes of ATM and here again it may be necessary to review the route placement. • The airspace sectorization may be functional or geographic 19 26 March 2014
DESIGN PHASE: Confirming the ICAO navigation specification identified in Activity 6 (4/4) AFI FPP navigation environment is usually mixed (conventional only still exist) • • Methodology 1. a PBN application is implemented, but not mandated, and conventional navigation is retained; 2. a “mixed-mandate” is used within an airspace volume – (segregation routes or altitudes for RNAV application and the other for RNP) 3. a mix of RNAV or RNP applications is implemented in airspace, without any mandate even to conventional navigation aircraft not approved to any of the navigation specification. 20 26 March 2014
VALIDATION PHASE: Airspace concept validation (1/3) AFI FPP This phase consist of to: o assess if the project objectives can conduct to positive business case o prove the ATM validity of the airspace design o identify potential weak points in the concept and develop mitigation measures o provide evidence and proof that the design is safe, i.e. to support the safety assessment • The main aim of the validation exercise which is to check the ATM workability and the safety of the proposed airspace concept • Validation methods may produce quantitative or qualitative results. 21 26 March 2014
VALIDATION PHASE: Airspace concept validation (1/3) AFI FPP The validation methods • 22 26 March 2014
VALIDATION PHASE: Finalization of procedure design(2/3) AFI FPP The procedure design process is only finalised once the proposed concept is viable. • Finalization of the design process is achieved when: o the design documentation is completed o procedure descriptions and draft charts are produced o and each procedure is independently checked to ensure that the design criteria have all been followed. 23 26 March 2014
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