Packwood Hydroelectric Project Barrier Analysis December 12, 2006 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Packwood Hydroelectric Project Barrier Analysis December 12, 2006

Study Area • Natural barriers to upstream fish passage on Lake Creek at RM 1.03 and RM 1.95 • Snyder Creek culvert under the Project tailrace and upstream of the tailrace on Forest Service Road 1260-013 • Hall Creek flume crossing • Pipeline Road (F.S. Road 1260-066) and Pipeline Road Trail No. 74 culvert crossings, including Art Lake Creek

STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES • Determine impacts to fish migration and connectivity from Project facilities and operations. • Include in this evaluation all species present and life stages that are appropriate at the particular barrier. • Scope of this study is to evaluate Project-related barriers including, but not limited to the following: roads, trails, pipelines and tailrace.

Methods Culvert Crossings 1. – “Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Passage Barrier and Surface Water Diversion Screening Assessment and Prioritization Manual” (TAPPS 2000) – “Design of Road Culverts for Fish Passage” (Bates 2003) • Fish Bearing Determination – Are WDNR-mapped type 1-4 waterways; – Have documented presence of fish through visual observation, electrofishing, or verification by local biologists; – Are water courses having ordinary high water widths greater than 0.60 meters (m) and gradients less than 20%; or – Are listed in “A Catalog of Washington Streams and Salmon Utilization” (Phinney and Bucknell 1975).

Table 3.1 WDNR Water Type Classification Conversion Table Permanent Water Typing Interim Water Typing Type “S” – Shorelines Type 1 Water Type “F” – Fish-bearing Type 2 and 3 Water Type “Np” – Non-Fish Perennial Type 4 Water Type “Ns” – Non Fish Seasonal Type 5 Water Type “U” – Unknown

Methods - Fish • Fish Passage Determination – Level A Analysis – Level B Analysis • Stream Simulation Determination • Habitat Assessment

BARRIER ANALYSIS – LEVEL A BARRIER ANALYSIS – LEVEL A BARRIER ANALYSIS – LEVEL A Collect the Collect the Collect the Information Information Information in Table 3a in Table 3a in Table 3a Is there Is there Is there Natural Streambed Natural Streambed Natural Streambed No No No Yes Yes Yes Material Throughout Material Throughout Material Throughout the Culvert? the Culvert? the Culvert? Is the Culvert Is the Culvert Is the Culvert Is the Outfall Drop Is the Outfall Drop Is the Outfall Drop Yes Yes Yes Width at Least 75% Width at Least 75% Width at Least 75% Yes Yes Yes >0.24 Meters? >0.24 Meters? >0.24 Meters? of the Streambed of the Streambed of the Streambed Toe Width? Toe Width? Toe Width? Passable Passable Passable Barrier Barrier Barrier No No No Stream Stream Stream Simulation Simulation Simulation Model Model Model No No No Is the Culvert Is the Culvert Is the Culvert Yes Yes Yes Slope Greater Than or Slope Greater Than or Slope Greater Than or Equal to 1 Percent? Equal to 1 Percent? Equal to 1 Percent? Barrier Barrier Barrier Level B Analysis Level B Analysis Level B Analysis Required, Collect Required, Collect Required, Collect No No No the Information the Information the Information in Table 3b in Table 3b in Table 3b

Level B Applicability: Is there a grade break in the Any Barrier Status is culvert? Is the culvert Yes Unknown tidally influenced? Is the downstream control inaccessible? No to all Collect the information in Table 3b Calculate the High Fish Passage Design Flow Calculate the Depth and Velocity using Manning’s Equation Does the The culvert Calculated Depth and Yes Velocity meet the Criteria is Passable for Trout in WAC 220- 110-070? No Do a Backwater Analysis Is the Culvert No The Culvert Backwatered to the is a Barrier Upstream End of the Culvert? Yes Does the Calculated Depth and The Culvert Velocity at the Upstream No Yes The Culvert is is a Barrier End of the Culvert meet the Passable Criteria for Trout in WAC 220-110-070?

Stream Simulation Mode/No Slope Model Does Wcb = Does Wcb = Does Not No No 1.25 X Wch? 1.2Wch + 2 feet? Meet No Slope Criteria Yes Yes Is Slope Ratio Does Not Is Slope of ≤ 1.25? Meet No No Culvert 0% Sculv = Slope Slope Sch Ratio Criteria No Yes Does Not Yes Meet Stream Simulation Criteria Satisfies No Passes Stream Slope Criteria Simulation Criteria Model for Stream Simulation Criteria/No Slope Assessment Abbreviations: Sculv = Slope of culvert Sch = Slope of Channel Wcb = Width of culvert bed Wch = Width of backfull channel

Table 3.2 Criteria Used to Assign Habitat Quality Modifiers (HQM) to Rearing and Spawning Habitat HQM Habitat Condition Rearing Habitat Criteria Spawning Habitat Criteria Value Rearing habitat is stable and in a normal Spawning gravel patches have ≤ 16% fine particle sizes Good to Excellent 1 productive state with all components that are < 0.85mm in diameter functional Rearing habitat shows moderate/widespread Spawning gravel patches/riffles show signs of instability and/or disturbance known moderate/widespread signs of instability (scour/filling) Fair 2/3 to reduce productive capability (one or more and/or > 16% and ≤ 21% fine particle sizes < 0.85mm in habitat components missing or significantly diameter reduced presence) Rearing habitat shows signs of major/widespread disturbance likely to cause Spawning gravel patches/riffles show major/widespread Poor 1/3 major reductions in its production signs of instability (scour/filling) and/or > 21% and ≤ 26% capabilities (two or more habitat components fine particle sizes < 0.85mm in diameter missing or severely reduced presence) Rearing habitat severely disturbed so that Spawning gravel patches with > 26% fine particle sizes < No Value 0 production capabilities are without value to 0.85mm in diameter salmonids at this time Sources: USFWS 2005 and USDA Forest Service 2005

Methods 2. Natural Barriers on Lake Creek • Powers and Orsborn (1985) • Review by Pat Powers (November 2006) 3. Hall Creek Fish Passage

Results • Culverts – Along Pipeline Road (Snyder Road, 0.95 Miles Behind Pipeline Road Gate) – Pipeline Road Trail No. 74 – Art Lake Creek – Snyder Creek at Tailrace – Snyder Creek above Powerhouse

Table 4.1 Fish bearing Determination for Culvert Analysis Culvert DNR Stream Fish Wetted Width <.6m; Listed in Phinney and Type Presence Gradient < 20% Bucknell (1975) Snyder Rd Culvert on Pipeline Road Np/4 No No N/A 0.95 Mile Behind Pipeline Road Gate Ns/5 No No N/A Pipeline Rd Trail No. 74 Culverts Ns/5 No No N/A Art Lake Creek Culvert Ns/4 No No N/A Snyder Cr. Above Powerhouse F/3 Yes Yes N/A Snyder Cr. at Tailrace F/3 Yes Yes N/A

Culvert Results, Cont’d • The culverts on the Snyder Road at 0.95 miles behind the Pipeline Road Gate and the Pipeline Road Trail No. 74 culverts would not qualify for determination of passage due to lack of fish presence, high gradient, and the seasonal nature of flows at these culverts. • The culvert at Art Lake Creek and the Snyder Road Culvert at the Powerhouse and the Snyder Creek Crossing at the tailrace warrant further analysis.

Snyder Rd Culvert at Pipeline Culvert

Culvert 0.95 miles from Snyder Road/Pipeline Road

Series of Pipeline Road Trail No. 74 Culverts

Art Lake Creek Culvert (Pipeline Road Trail No. 74)

Snyder Cr. Culvert Above Powerhouse

Snyder Creek Falls

Snyder Creek Pipeline Crossing Plan View

Snyder Cr. Crossing Profile View

Drain and stilling well on Snyder Creek, upstream side of tailrace

Downstream entrance of culvert on Snyder Creek, below tailrace

Snyder Creek Crossing after November 2006 Flood

Conclusions - Culverts • The culverts on the Snyder Road at 0.95 miles behind the Pipeline Road Gate and the Pipeline Road Trail No. 74 culverts would not qualify for determination of passage due to lack of fish presence, high gradient, and the seasonal nature of flows at these culverts.