Operating System An Introduction Virendra Singh Associate Professor - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Operating System An Introduction Virendra Singh Associate Professor Computer Architecture and Dependable Systems Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay http://www.ee.iitb.ac.in/~viren/ E-mail: viren@ee.iitb.ac.in EE-717/453:Advance Computing for Electrical Engineers Lecture 20 (10 Oct 2013) CADSL

Introduction l A computer system consists of ● Hardware ● System programs ● Application programs CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 2

What is an Operating System l It is an extended machine ● Hides the messy details which must be performed ● Presents user with a virtual machine, easier to use  It is a resource manager ● Each program gets time with the resource ● Each program gets space on the resource CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 3

History of Operating Systems (1) Early batch system ● bring cards to 1401 ● read cards to tape ● put tape on 7094 which does computing ● put tape on 1401 which prints output CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 4

History of Operating Systems (2) l First generation 1945 - 1955 ● vacuum tubes, plug boards l Second generation 1955 - 1965 ● transistors, batch systems l Third generation 1965 – 1980 ● ICs and multiprogramming l Fourth generation 1980 – present ● personal computers CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 5

History of Operating Systems (3) l Structure of a typical FMS job – 2nd generation CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 6

History of Operating Systems (4) l Multiprogramming system ● three jobs in memory – 3rd generation CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 7

The Operating System Zoo l Mainframe operating systems l Server operating systems l Multiprocessor operating systems l Personal computer operating systems l Real-time operating systems l Embedded operating systems l Smart card operating systems CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 8

Computer Hardware Review (1) Monitor Bus l Components of a simple personal computer CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 9

Computer Hardware Review (2) (a) A three-stage pipeline (b) A superscalar CPU CADSL 10 Oct 2012 EE-717/EE-453@IITB 10