One Basin with Several Sediment Sources: Stratigraphic Records of the Bunguran Trough, Central South China Sea AAPG GTW, Kota Kinabalu, 26-27 May 2015 John Jong 1 , Steven M. Barker 1, 2, * Franz L. Kessler 3 and Tran Quoc Tan 1 1 2 3
Talk Outline • Regional Geological Overview • Deformation Kinematics • Sedimentation profiles • Mineralogical compositional analysis • Implication for the Bunguran trough JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Introduction and Objectives of Study Introduction: • The sediment supply for the Bunguran Trough - the deepwater depositional setting of the mud- prone Rajang Delta is thought to have been predominantly sourced from the Borneo hinterland. • A recent study of Plio-Pleistocene deformation history and the corresponding sedimentation rates of the Bunguran Trough, together with the results of whole rock bulk mineralogical composition analysis of ditch cuttings from Jelawat-1 , suggest sediment inputs from more than one provenance, with a secondary source supply likely from the nearby Natuna High. Objectives: • To investigate the Plio-Pleistocene stratigraphic records of the Bunguran Trough based on the study of the deformation profile of the Bunguran Trough Fold-Thrust Belt to establish a better understanding of the play fairways. • To investigate mineralogy information from Jelawat-1. The presence of feldspar would be a useful indicator for a proximate sand source. • To investigate the recently acquired multibeam and 2D seismic data for indication of sediment supply from Natuna High area. JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Study Area Introduction JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Exploration History Jelawat-1 ST1 (2004) Mulu-1 (1994) Paus-1 (2009) Well type : Exploration, deviated Well type : Wildcat Well type : Wildcat CRD-1X Result : Dry (Tight hole) Result : Minor gas show Result : Oil & Gas discovery Arca-1 Total Depth : 3394.1m MDSS Total Depth : 5055m RKB Total Depth : 3658.8m MDSS Water Depth : 607.7m Water Depth : 1170 m Water Depth : 1346 m Well objectives : Late Miocene and Well objectives : Middle Miocene Well objectives : Cycle I (Oligocene- early Pliocene turbidite carbonates & Cycle II Lower Miocene) CRD-X (2009) systems formation Oil & gas in Cycle I & II Macan-1 Talang-1 (2006) Newfield Result : Wet gas discovery Well type : Wildcat Well objectives : Oligo/Miocene Result : Gas discovery sequence Bursa-1 (deepest play) Total Depth : 3672m MDSS Rusa-1 Water Depth : 1137 m Macan-1 Paus-1 Well objectives : Clastic turbidites & pre-MMU section Natuna D-Alpha (1970) Giant gas field, High CO2 Talang-1 (71%) Komodo-1 Jintan-1 (1992) 222TCF gas, 45TCF methane Well type : Wildcat (5000’ gas column) Mulu-1 Result : Major gas discovery Jelawat-1 Total Depth : 1710m RKB Water Depth : 130m Sook-1 ST1 (2003) Well objectives : Cycle V carbonate Well type : Wildcat Sook-1 sequence Result : Wet Gas discovery Total Depth : 1555.5m MDSS Laya-1 Water Depth : 159m M3-1 (1970) Remarks : Good gas shows in Intra- Well type : Wildcat Panda-1 VIII undeveloped sands Result : Gas discovery X1-1 Total Depth : 1954m MDSS Water Depth : 115m Well objectives : Cycle IV/V X1-1 (1970) Carbonate Dry, minor sands in VII; Hibiskus-1 OP > 3000psi near TD (2300m) L4-1 Dara-2 Dara-1 Laya-1 (2003) Well type : Wildcat Result : Oil & Gas shows Dara-1 Total Depth : 2861.5m MDSS Hibiskus-1 L4-1 Reported high CO2 in Dara-1 Water Depth : 141.7 m 40’ NGS & oil shows in V sands; 112’ NGS in V/VI sands; and 2 (Scouting) Remarks : Good gas shows in 3-4% CO2 contamination <10% CO2, Trace of 38 deg. API; Intra-VI undeveloped sands Oil recovered in one RFT JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
~ i~i Col.-t~r-cIodtw1Mmowmenl: ~i~i~i 1 0.5 Pliocene and Pleistocene Turbidites REGIONAL I Bunquran I TECTONIC EVENTS H aqet ai, 1988 Onshore • - • Sarawak Hib i skus Laya Jelawat Mulu 150 100 SO Latest Rajang Delta opening (DeepWater in Block F) of Phlllpplnes. Plate; local buln tnve"lon tectonic-. cornrrenc:ementor significant M ajorglobaleustatlc Iowa.tand; turbldlte_dmentaUon i iji~iIS to basin ftoor Extens ion Middle Miocene ~ ~i~~ 16..5 ~uation ofSoll:h OIlna Sf!a aprHdlng pas:s1Ye margin coollng-max transgression onto craton rofj2 N5 F .tr l lobata NN I N4 P221Nl 25.5 25.5GlobaJ lawa.tand NP25 OiATT1AII II . • • • NP24 P2t (pars) + .. II Ii "'s""",ez JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd G L>F Lundin p t P I
Regional Geology *modified after Hutchison, 2004 *modified after Jong et al., 2014 Dangerous Dangerous Grounds Grounds BT 2 Baram Baram Delta Delta Central Central Luconia Luconia Natuna Natuna Basin Basin Balingian Balingian Province Province Half Half Graben Graben JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Regional Framework Bunguran Trough Satellite - derived Gravity anomaly map (source IHS, Interpretation based on published papers) JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Geoseismic Cross Section *modified after Jong et al., 2014 Jemuduk-1ST1 well tested a common play in a deltaic setting; a rollover anticlinal structure bounded by growth faults within the Rajang Delta system. The inboard wells (Nagasari-1, L4.1X, Hibiskus-1, X1.1X, Jemuduk-1ST1 & Laya-1) tested the Pliocene-Pleistocene shelfal-to-shoreface facies, whilst the outboard well (Jelawat-1ST1) tested the Upper Miocene and Pliocene condensed bathyal-to-outer neritic facies. Apart from Jemuduk-1ST1, all wells found mostly poorly developed sands. JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Talk Outline • Regional Geological Overview • Deformation Kinematics • Sedimentation profiles • Mineralogical compositional analysis • Implication for the Bunguran trough JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Deformation Kinematics B B’ JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Deformation Kinematics B B’ B’ B Seabed U. Cycle VIII - H4 VIII Intra Cycle VIII - H6 Intra Cycle VIII – H7 VII Lower Cycle VIII – H10.5 Top Cycle VII - H11 VI L. Cycle VII - H15 U. Cycle V U. Cycle VI – H19.5 U. Cycle V - H20 JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Deformation Profiling End Miocene Pleistocene Pliocene H4 H6 H6.5 H10 H11 H15 H19 The rate of shortening is used here as a proxy for the rate of growth and is calculated by measuring the full length of the folded horizon and comparing it with the current day line H20 length. Shortening is simply calculated: Line shortening (m) = Folded length (m) - Present day cross-section length (m) The rate of shortening can then be calculated based on the temporal data and is calculated: Rate of Shortening (m/Ma) = shortening (t1) – shortening (t2) / Time period JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
~91roi9um r ofl~ I ~ t ' ~umbct Deformation P : Pari De formation Pr ofile: Yu , , lock 2F , - -- ':V o 25005000 75001000()2500m 1.1. iii 'wwI 'wwI I BASEMAP JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd GL:>F -s\",/ez Lundin
Structural Evolution Based on Growth Profiles Post Cycle VIII Upper Cycle VIII Intra Cycle VIII (1) Holocene U. Pleistocene Intra Cycle VIII (2) Lower Cycle VIII Upper Cycle VII L. Pleistocene Upper Pliocene Lower Cycle VII Cycle VI Lower Pliocene Legend Zero to minimal growth Low rate of growth observed High rate of growth observed JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
Structural Evolution – Two Kinematic Domains Cycle Megasequence Megasequence Northeast southwest Post Cycle VIII Post Post Upper Cycle VIII Syn Post Intra Cycle VIII Syn Post/Syn? Lower Cycle VIII Syn Syn Upper Cycle VII Syn/Pre? Syn Lower Cycle VII Pre Pre Cycle VI Pre Pre Northeast Jelawat-1st VIII VIII Cycle VIII VI II VII V III V I I I V Cycle VII I VII Cycle U. V I I V Southwest Cycle VI V I Cycle V JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd JX Nippon Oil & Gas Exploration (Offshore Malaysia) Sdn Bhd
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