Obesity & Climate Change Phil Edwards London School of Hygiene - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Obesity & Climate Change Phil Edwards London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Acknowledgements: Sarah Catherine Walpole , North Yorkshire deanery David Prieto-Merino , LSHTM Ian Roberts , LSHTM John Cleland , LSHTM Gretchen Stevens , WHO Improving health worldwide www.lshtm.ac.uk

“The projected increase in world population during the next 40 years, which should reach 9.1 billion in 2050, calls for agriculture to significantly step up its productivity and production levels. Agricultural activities account for a substantial share of total greenhouse gas emissions and these are expected to increase due to population and income increases, diet changes and technological change . Together, these factors demonstrate the urgency of implementing measures that favour actions and policies that simultaneously address climate change mitigation and adaptation in agriculture while supporting development objectives and ensuring food security.” Global Action on Climate Change in Agriculture FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

BMI distribution Canada 1978 and 2004

BIOMASS – data sources Population estimates by age & sex for each country from the UN Population Database Body mass index (BMI) estimates of average BMI by age & sex from WHO Height estimates of average height by age & sex from Demographic and Health Surveys Body mass (kg) = BMI x height 2

BIOMASS – estimation (1) Biomass = Number of people x average body mass (kg) (2) Biomass of overweight people (BMI>25) = Number overweight x average body mass of overweight people (3) Biomass due to overweight = (2) minus biomass of overweight people assuming that their BMI=25

BIOMASS by World Region WHO Adult Average Biomass % Biomass Biomas Region populatio body (million populatio due to s due to n mass kg) n BMI>25 BMI>30 (millions) (kg) overweig (million (million ht kg) kg) (BMI>25) Asia 2,815 57.7 162,408 24% 4,265 449 Europe 606 70.8 42,895 56% 3,836 910 Africa 535 60.7 32,484 29% 1,464 340 Latin 386 67.9 26,231 58% 2,431 585 America & Caribbean N America 263 80.7 21,185 74% 3,297 1,187 Oceania 24 74.1 1,815 63% 191 46 287,01 World 4,630 62.0 35% 15,484 3,518 7

45,000 jumbo jets

Great Pyramid of Giza (2,500,000 cubic metres) 6 Great Pyramids

12,000 swimming pools

What if… we all became like the Japanese? Average Biomass % Biomass Biomass body (million population due to due to mass kg) overweigh BMI>25 BMI>30 (kg) t (BMI>25) (million (million kg) kg) 58.8 272,408 22.3% 5,630 253 (−5%) (−64%) (−93%)

What if… we all became like North Americans? Average Biomass % Biomass Biomass body (million population due to due to mass kg) overweigh BMI>25 BMI>30 (kg) t (BMI>25) (million (million kg) kg) 80.7 345,426 74.0% 53,090 18,789 (+20%) (+243%) (+434 %)