Modelling and Simulation and Wargaming to support concept - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Modelling and Simulation and Wargaming to support concept development of Autonomous Systems in Harbour Protection Lucia Gazzaneo David Solarna Alberto Tremori Arnau Carrera Viñas Pilar Caamaño Sobrino Wayne Buck London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 1

Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation CMRE is an established, world-class NATO scientific research and experimentation facility located in La Spezia (ITA). London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 2

Modelling and Simulation (M&S) at CMRE Support the different Programmes at the Centre and external partners and investigate innovative M&S approaches and solutions. Consultancy & Analysis Research & Technology (multi-domain) (mainly maritime) Identification and definition of future trends and Adoption of M&S in the different phases of the life requirements for M&S in NATO and Nations. cycle of autonomous/manned systems and C2. Standards & Augmented-Virtual Live, Virtual and Constructive Serious Gaming Interoperability Reality Simulation London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 3

Agenda • Introduction • Proposal • Application sample: Harbour Protection • Virtual Reality and autonomous systems to enhance situational and spatial awareness • Wargaming enhanced by M&S • Conclusions and way ahead London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 4

Introduction • Potential and benefits of the use of autonomous systems in challenging missions are well recognised by the operational community. • The perception of a risk when delegating tasks to complex and non- transparent systems is slowing down their adoption and integration into military application. • Identified cultural barriers and obstacles: – Bias caused by existing conceptual knowledge could lead to the development of systems not maximizing their impact. – Lack of understanding of the system and the logic of its behaviour and the decisions taken. – Lack of standardized V&V processes limiting the adaptability of the operational concepts. Urgent need of building trust in disrupting and emerging technologies London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 5

Proposal Fostering on methodologies that reward experimentation, prototyping and iterative processes. Promoting alternative, critical and creating thinking in operational planning. London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 6

Application example: Harbour Protection NATO HQ Defence Against Terrorism Programme of Work • Situational Awareness: adoption of autonomous systems • Countering underwater maritime IED (M-IED) • Tools for supporting underwater autonomous systems employment • Operators: trust and training D octrine , O rganization , T raining , M aterial , L eadership , P ersonnel , F acilities , I nteroperability London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 7

Objectives Obj1 Concept Development: • define and analyse the current gaps on harbour protection by employing analytical (e.g. simulation based experimentations) and qualitative methodologies (e.g. wargaming sessions) about: – Situational and Spatial awareness – M-IED – Adoption of Autonomous Systems – Visualization of Information for operational support and training Obj2 Research and Technology (R&T) • Create and test a prototype – Collection of information – Processing of Raw Data – Visualization and Manipulation of information (VR/AR) Obj3 Community of Interest • Collect and connect expertise (operational, scientific and industrial) on the topics Obj4 R&T Demonstration • Demonstrate the concept and the prototype Obj5 Innovative Elicitation Methodologies* • Implement innovative methodologies for the elicitation of the information and the assessment of the assumptions on the operational concepts, on the adoption of technological solutions *New objective emerged from the on-going activities London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 8

Virtual Reality and autonomous systems to enhance situational and spatial awareness London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 9

What is limiting the adoption of UAVs?  Two factors to consider:  The hostility of the underwater environment (e.g. scarce visibility due to poor and unnatural lighting, turbidity and sea clutter)  The limitations of the sensors mounted on the vehicles (e.g. restricted communication bandwidth and latency)  Both affect the quality of the data collected and reduce the awareness of the operators on the performance of the system London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 10

The pillars of the technological solution  It fuses and processes the raw data coming from different sensors to build 3D models that can be visualized by using VR/AR London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 11

Usage for MCM and M-IED Scenarios Multi-Phase Scenario London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 12

How to use the technological solution: the M-IED case London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 13

Wargaming enhanced by Modelling and Simulation London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 14

Characteristics of the methodology  Wargaming to:  Draw out the different skills of the players to analyse the M-IED threat  Develop a narrative able to capture the elements of the problem  Foster reasoning, creative thinking and exploration in a safe-to-fail manner  Build a stimulating environment where to challenge ideas and knowledge  VR contents to:  Immerse players in a more realistic and engaging environment  Sustain and facilitate the analytical process  Computer-assisted Simulations to:  Visualize and test the plans  Provide players wit quantitative data for a more objective analysis of the problem  Facilitate the discussion London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 15

The players: Red vs Blue  Militaries, technicians, scientists and port authorities  Skills: knowledge of the maritime sector, harbour terminals and terrorism domain; knowledge of explosives (including IEDs and M-IEDs); knowledge of UAVs  Soft skills: creative thinking, analytical skills, willingness to participate to role play sessions London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 16

Wargaming phases London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 17

Phase 1: Concept Development London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 18

Step I - Introduction Red Team objective • Design and develop a UWIED plan and execute deployment  Initial briefing to introduce players to the objectives of the game, the background Blue Team objective and the methodology • Design and develop a plan and execute Autonomous Systems Based Harbour Protection London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 19

Step II – Analysis Selection of the targets  Review and validate the collection of assumptions made by the Operational context designers to address the problem (Key Assumption Check Method) Characteristics of the M- IEDs  Use of VR contents (e.g. 3D model of the ports, immersive Requirements of the Autonomous Systems environment, multiple layers of data and information that can be used to Patrolling strategy customize and interact with the scene) Performance measures London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 20

Step III – CoA development  The players will use the valid assumptions to develop a feasible course of action.  The Red Players will use them to plan and execute an M- IED event to attack a port.  The Blue Players will use the refined assumptions to plan and execute Autonomous Systems Based Harbour protection London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 21

Phase 2: Final Assessment  Analytical simulations are used to test and assess the plans, providing players with quantitative data and promoting discussion among the players. London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 22

Conclusions and way ahead  Investigations on the combined use of Wargaming and computer-based M&S to support the development of operational concepts and the adoption of innovative and disruptive technologies.  The methodology is being applied to Harbour Protection and the use of Underwater Autonomous Systems. • CMRE is developing a prototype for the reconstruction of a synthetic environment from raw data collected by UAVs to enhance situational and spatial awareness. • A wargame supported by M&S has been conducted to elicit the information required to draft the preliminary concept and demonstrate it along with the prototype under development. London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 23

Questions? London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 24

Background and Overview • Situational Awareness: adoption of autonomous systems • Countering underwater maritime IED (M-IED) • Tools for supporting underwater autonomous systems employment • Operators: trust and training D octrine , O rganization , T raining , M aterial , L eadership , P ersonnel , F acilities , I nteroperability London – IT 2 EC 2020, 28 th -30 th April Slide 25