Slide 1 / 50 Slide 2 / 50 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be Mitosis and Meiosis used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, Multiple Choice participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course Review materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 50 Slide 4 / 50 1 Which of the following accurately describes one Below is an illustration representing the cell cycle. Use of the major divisions of mitosis? this illustration to respond to questions 2, 3, 4 and 5 below. During the mitotic phase, cells are performing their A primary function and preparing for cell division. During the mitotic phase, halving of the actual B chromosome number occurs. During interphase, halving of the actual chromosome C number occurs. During interphase, cells are performing their primary D function and preparing for cell division . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy Slide 5 / 50 Slide 6 / 50 2 Which phases of the cycle shown above represent 3 Which of the following accurately describes the interphase? actions occurring during the phase entitled S? A phases M, G1, and S A Each chromosome is duplicated; each chromosome results in two sister chromatids attached at a centromere. phases G1, S, and G2 B B The chromosome number is halved in preparation for cell phases S, G2, and M C division. phases G1 and G2 D C The cell enlarges, proteins are increased and organelles duplicated. D Cell reaches maximum size and adds more proteins.
Slide 7 / 50 Slide 8 / 50 4 Which of the following accurately describes the 5 If the circle of the cell cycle also represents the actions occurring during the phase entitled G1? time an average cell spends in each phase, which of the following is correct? A Each chromosome is duplicated; each chromosome A Cells spend the majority of their time in the mitosis phase. results in two sister chromatids attached at a centromere. B The chromosome number is halved in preparation for cell B Cells spend more than 75% of their time in interphase. division. C Cells spend approximately 50% of their time in interphase. C The cell enlarges, proteins are increased and organelles D Cells spend approximately 75% of their time in mitosis and duplicated. cytokinesis. D Cell reaches maximum size and adds more proteins. Slide 9 / 50 Slide 10 / 50 6 Which of the following represents the correct Below are six (6) images that represent the major phase of sequence, based upon the images above? (the one type of cell reproduction. Use these images to respond to letters used to identify each image have no . questions 6, 7, 8, and 9 below bearing on the image itself) z y x A x,z,y,w,v,q B q,w,x,y,v,z q v,z,y,x,w,q C w v z,y,x,w,q,v D Slide 11 / 50 Slide 12 / 50 7 During the phase labeled as “y” in the above 8 During the phase labeled as “w” in the above images, which of the following occurs? images, which of the following occurs? A Spindles are nearly complete and attached to Spindles are complete and attached to kinetochores; kinetochores; nuclear membrane is disappearing. spindles are pushing chromosomes to the center of the A cell. B Spindles are disappearing after moving the chromosomes to the center; nuclear envelope is re-forming.. B Chromosomes have not yet duplicated; will duplicate during this phase. C Chromosomes duplicate and become connected by centromeres; chromosomes are being pulled apart. C Chromosomes duplicate and become connected by kinetochores; chromosomes are being pulled apart. D During this section of interphase, chromosomes are not yet duplicated. D Chromatids separate at centromeres; spindle fibers pull them to the poles.
Slide 13 / 50 Slide 14 / 50 9 Which of the six (6) images above does not 10 Which of the following accurately describes belong in the phase known as mitosis and what is cytokinesis in plant cells? this phase called? A A contractile ring forms followed by a cleavage furrow, A Z, this is interphase splitting the cell into two. q, this is cytokinesis B A plate forms from vesicles fused together in the center of B the cell, separating the cell into two. v, this is cytokinesis C C A contractile ring forms followed by a plate, splitting the w, this is meiosis D cell into two. D A plate forms from vesicles, followed by a cleavage furrow, separating the cell into two. Slide 15 / 50 Slide 16 / 50 11 Major checkpoints exist to regulate the cycle of 12 Trisomy 21 is the most common chromosome cell reproduction. How do these checkpoints number abnormality. Which of the following function? describes the specific chromosome number abnormality and the syndrome it causes? Each cell will undergo cell reproduction unless at, each of three checkpoints, the message changes from “go” to A Trisomy 21 occurs when there are only 21 pairs of A “stop”. chromosomes and results in Turner’s syndrome. Cells will not undergo cellular reproduction unless, at each B Trisomy 21 occurs when there are three sets of each B of three checkpoints, the message changes from “stop” to chromosome and results in Down’s syndrome. “go”. Trisomy 21 occurs when there are three sets of 21 pairs of C Each cell will undergo cell reproduction if, at two of the C chromosomes, or a total of 63 chromosomes and results three checkpoints, a direct message of “stop” is received. in Turner’s syndrome. Cells will undergo cell reproduction unless contact D Trisomy 21 occurs when there are three #21 inhibition occurs and the control system sends a stop chromosomes, and results in Down’s syndrome. D signal. Slide 17 / 50 Slide 18 / 50 13 Chromosome pairs are often referred to as homologous chromosomes. What does this term The illustration below shows two different version of mean and how does an organism inherit such cat coat color. Use this illustration to respond to pairs? question 14 below. This refers to the few chromosomes that have exactly the A same gene messages for traits, with both chromosomes inherited from either mother or father. This refers to the chromosomes that have exactly the same gene messages for traits, with one chromosome B inherited from the mother and one from the father. This refers to chromosomes that have the same shape and with genes controlling the same traits, with one C chromosome inherited from the mother and one from the father. This refers to chromosomes that have the same shape and with genes controlling the same traits, with both D chromosomes inherited from either mother or father.
Slide 19 / 50 Slide 20 / 50 14 In the illustration above, the white and red coat 15 Which of the following accurately states the end color represent which of the following? result of meiosis? A different alleles found on homologous chromosomes A four diploid cells B the same alleles found on homologous chromosomes. B one diploid cell C different alleles found on one chromosome four haploid cells C D the same alleles found on one chromosome one haploid cell D Slide 21 / 50 Slide 22 / 50 16 During which division does the halving of 17 A genetic rearrangement often occurs during chromosomes occur? meiosis that increases genetic variation in offspring. What is this event and when it is most likely to occur during meiosis? A meiosis I meiosis II B A crossing over; during anaphase II Both meiosis I and II C B crossing over; during telophase I D mitosis II C spontaneous mutations; during metaphase I D independent assortment; during metaphase I Slide 23 / 50 Slide 24 / 50 18 Fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) have a diploid number of chromosomes of eight (8). Therefore, their haploid number is four (4). How There are numerous ways in which homologous many different ways can fruit fly homologues be chromosomes can be combined during combined? independent assortment. We can quantify this by using the following formula: Given n pairs of chromosomes, there are 2 n ways of combining A 256 different ways homologous chromosomes. Use this information to respond to questions 18 and 19 below. 16 different ways B 4 different ways C 2 different ways D
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