Materials Physics at LTU: new prospectives for collaboraion - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Materials Physics at LTU: new prospectives for collaboraion Alexander Soldatov Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Materials Physics and Engineering at TFM/LTU Ceramics Carbon Nanomaterials Biomaterials Tribomaterials (MAX phases) SPM lab High-pressure Materials synthesis lab Spectroscopy lab High-performance Steel Materials properties: Simulations Theoretical Modeling Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Materials Physics group High-pressure spectroscopy Scanning probe microscopy lab lab led by A.V. Soldatov led by N. Almqvist State of the art equipment Advanced materials characterization, methods development Research on nanostructured, bio-materials, tribo-systems Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

High-p spectroscopy lab: Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC) Static pressure up to 2-4Mbar Temperature up till 600 C diamo nds sa laser mp ruy le gasket Diamond culet: ~ 100-500 micron Sample chamber: ~ 50 - 200 micron Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Raman Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM) Dual excitation (532 nm and 633 nm lasers) Spectroscopic imaging Mapping of stress in materials Spectroscopy of single molecules, clusters, inclusions Imaging of Ruby crystals in a DAC spectral optical Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

The new SPM laboratory – some features: Equipment Environmental/ Scanning tip/scanning sample Dry vacuum Scanners: 1x1x1 micrometer scanner(CLE) 10x10x3 my (CLE) 100x100x12 my– Closed loop. 100x100x10 my tip scanning head vacuum compatible (may be used as stand alone) 100x100x10 my tip scanning head - CL Nanoscan hardness/indentation SAM – Custom experiments Ntegra Prima/Aura Electrochemical AFM Hermetic cell: Materials Physics group Air-gas -30C to 170C Liquid -10C to 120C Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology Solver Pro-M

SPM modes and measurements: STM constant height and constant current STM I(V) and I(Z), dI/dV contact AFM LFM Semicontact Measure up to 9th harmonics Phase Imaging Force Modulation (viscoelastisity) MFM Electrostatic FM Electrodynamic FM Adhesion Force Imaging Spreading Resistance Imaging (SRI) Scanning Capacitance Imaging (SCI) Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy(SKM) Torsional resonance mode Nanolithography and Nanomanipulation Force Distance curves Piezoresponce Force Microscopy Nanolithography and Nanomanipulation Force Distance curves Nanoindentation and hardness measurements of superhard materials elastic modulus measurements of superhard materials and thin measurements are made in the air with no special sample preparation Materials Physics group Force-volume AFM, Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology F-D spectroscopy

Materials Physics: current research projects Fullerenes (fullerene polymers, phase transitions at high p, T) Carbon nanotubes (spectroscopy of individual, functionalized SWCNTs, DWNT) Composite materials based on CNTs Molecular electronic devices based of carbon nanostructures Tribological (tribo-) chemistry Single-molecule spectroscopy, methods development Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

PROJECT EXAMPLES Fullerene-based nanostructured materials Fullerene polymers high pressure 13 GPa (130 000 atm) high T (900 C) Material is HARDER than diamond! Materials Physics group Carbon nanostructures Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology for MOLECULAR electronics!

Carbon nanotube - a star performer: Tensile strength 15-100 GPa (steel 2 GPa) Young’s modulus 1-1.5 TPa Can be bent and buckled without breaking ! 1.4 gcm -3 Density Estimated current carrying capacity 10 9 A/cm 2 Temperature stability 3000 K Thermal conductivity 6000 W/mK Excellent field emitter (And the electronic and quantum properties are also extremely interesting!) Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

PROJECT EXAMPLES CNT dispersion, AFM characterization of individual CNTs � Direct evidence for individual carbon nanotubes Individual single- wall carbon nanotube 0,8192nm Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

PROJECT EXAMPLES CNT-based composite materials Motivation - Strong and light material - El. conducting - Lower cost CNTs Matrix Problems - Bundles, i.e. a weak coupling to the matrix - Low dispersion in the matrix – poor stress transfer A consequence: to date the attempts to synthesize a high-performance CNT-based composite failed… Possible solutions? - Dispersion via functionalization - Better coupling to the matrix through cross-linking 500 nm to the matrix (polymer) molecules Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrix � study of the distribution of nanotubes in the matrix via mapping out the intensity of the CNT G-band using Raman spectral imaging laser Raman map Raman spectrum Is taken at every scanning point Sample surface Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Characterization of carbon nanotube composites w ith SPM methods Plain imaging Surface modification Materials Physics group Details about the CNT composites project Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology will be presented by Ilya Dobryden (session 2)

Characterization of carbon nanotube composites w ith SPM methods Micro- nanomechanical properties: Cantilever based forcemapping techniques Nanoindentation, nanoscratching and elasticity Electrical properties including picoampere measurements and probing of buried nanotubes Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

PROJECT EXAMPLES Tribochemistry of lubricant additives In-situ monitoring the behaviour of additives at high pressure/high T in a DAC – more details in the forthcoming talk by Joel Andersson! Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

PROJECT EXAMPLES: Applied Materials science Surface interactions, surface characterization, thin films, surface moldifications, self-assembly, high quality steel – steel inclusions, biomimetics “Blistering” on graphite Polymerized Carbon-60 AFM image showing fully grown hexagonal BaFe 12 O 19 crystallites . Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Project examples: Steel inclusions Stee l Large scale AFM image of pearlite structure and multiple layered grain boudaries . [Strandh, AFM image of small aluminium Solhed, Almqvist, LTU] oxide inclusion [Strandh, Solhed, Almqvist, LTU] Three-dimensional surface plot of chains of aluminium oxide clusters, which “binds” to the Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM ferrite matrix. [Strandh, Solhed, Luleå University of Technology Almqvist, LTU] Nils Almqvist, Division of Physics

Internal LTU collaboration Maskin element (Tribo-chemistry) Inorganic Chemistry Mathematics National collaboration Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

Primary International collaboration HARVARD Lawrence Livermore National Lab. Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

COLLABORATORS: C. Meingast, P. Nagel Institute for Solid State Physics, FZK Karlsruhe, Germany S. Lebedkin thermal properties of fullerene polymers E. McRae, B Vigolo, Laboratory of Solid State Chemistry, Nancy University, F. Valsaque France CNT composite materials, functionalization of carbon nanotubes, gas adsorption B. Sundqvist, Dept of Physics, Dept. of Chem., Umeå University, Sweden D. Johnels Fullerene polymers synthesis at moderate pressures, NMR P. McEuen Dept. of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA transport measurements on single fullerene molecules S. IIjima Institute for Advanced Materials Research (AIST), Tsukuba, K. Hata Japan Materials Physics group photolithography-assisted CVD synthesis of Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology aligned carbon nanotube arrays

Funding Vetenskapsrådet (VR) Kempe Stiftelsterna SKF AB TFN, Luleå Tekniska Universitet Norrbottens Forskningsråd Swedish Royal Academy Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology

High-pressure spectroscopy group, October 2008 Group Members (standing, left to right): Mattias Mases, Benjamin Bax, Andreas Mueller, Guillaume Chevennement, Shuai Wei, (Sitting): Joel Andersson, Alex Soldatov, Brigitte Materials Physics group Vigolo (visiting scientist), Cedric Chauvet.. Division of Physics,TFM Ilya Dobryden (not featured on the photo) Luleå University of Technology

Thank you for your attention! Materials Physics group Division of Physics,TFM Luleå University of Technology