LUCC and Its Influences on LUCC and Its Influences on Regional NPP Regional NPP Maosong Liu, Liu, Shuqin Shuqin An, An, Maosong Xinfang Chen, Chen, Jinmin Jinmin Chen, Chi Chen, Chi Xu Xu, Chen Zhang , Chen Zhang Xinfang Nanjing University Nanjing University
Topic Topic 1. Urbanization and Vegetation Urbanization and Vegetation 1. 2. NPP in urbanizing area 2. NPP in urbanizing area 3. Topography and NPP 3. Topography and NPP
1. Urbanization and Vegetation Urbanization and Vegetation 1. � Urbanization is one of the most important force Urbanization is one of the most important force � driven LUCC, and affect many features of driven LUCC, and affect many features of vegetation, such as NPP, biodiversity, landscape vegetation, such as NPP, biodiversity, landscape quality. quality. � Urbanization is represented as urban Urbanization is represented as urban- -suburb suburb � gradient belts, and can be studied by the gradient belts, and can be studied by the gradient analysis. gradient analysis. � The vegetation types and the FC affected by The vegetation types and the FC affected by � many fractors fractors, especially economic. , especially economic. many � NPP correlated with urbanization, and has very NPP correlated with urbanization, and has very � important influences on air quality, many important influences on air quality, many because the gas exchange. because the gas exchange.
1. Urbanization and Vegetation Urbanization and Vegetation 1. Urban sprawl in Nanjing and Jiangyin
1. Urbanization and Vegetation Urbanization and Vegetation 1. 0. 7 PF/ PA 0. 6 TF/ TA M F/ M A ） 0. 5 覆盖率（ % Succession of forests 0. 4 0. 3 Ul m us pum i l a l i nn Forest succession of deciduous from bare land in the coming 200 year s Ul m us par vi f l or a j acq Ti l i a m i quel i ana m axi m 100% Q uer cus var i abi l i s bl 0. 2 榆 栓皮栎 Q uer cus gl andul i f er a bl . 榔榆 Q uer cus al ba 南京椴 桴树 Q uer cus acut i ssi m a car r ut h 0. 1 80% Pt er ocel t i s t at ar i nowi i m axi 白栎 Popul us adenopoda m axi m 响叶杨 Pl at ycar ya st r obi l acea si ebe 0 石栎 化香 Pi st aci a chi nensi s bunge Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ 60% 黄连木 麻栎 Pi ospyr os kaki . l BER% 野柿 Pi nus m assoni ana l am b 马尾松 Pal ber gi a hupeana hance NUM 青檀 Li t hocar pus gl aber nakai 枫香 Li qui dam bar f or m osana hance 40% 胡桃 Jugl ans r egi a l i nn 皂荚 G l edi t si a si nensi s l am 朴树 Cel t i s si nensi s per s 板栗 Cel t i s kor ai ensi s nakai Forest Coverage changed 20% 臭椿 锥栗 构树 Cast anea m ol l i ssi m a bl um e 桤木 Cast anea henr yi r ehdet wi l s 山核桃 along urban-suburb gradient 合欢 Car ya i l l i noensi s k. koch 五角枫 Br oussonet i a papyr i f er a 0% Al nus cr em ast ogyne Bur k 1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161 171 181 191 201 Al bi zzi a j ul i br i ssi n YEAR Ai l ant hus al t i ssi m a swi ngl eh A r m n M i m
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. BEPS is a process based � BEPS is a process based � biogeochemistry model biogeochemistry model Soil water balance developed on the base of developed on the base of Land cover type Radiation Forest- -BGC model and it is BGC model and it is Forest (Daily) refined by incorporating a more refined by incorporating a more Stomatal & mesophyll advanced photosynthesis model advanced photosynthesis model NDVI conductance Temperature (Farquar Farquar, 1988 )with a new , 1988 )with a new ( temporal and spatial scaling temporal and spatial scaling (Daily) scheme and an advanced LAI scheme and an advanced Photosynthesis & canopy radiation transfer model canopy radiation transfer model respiration Precipitation concerning of canopy concerning of canopy (Daily) architecture of different architecture of different Biophysical parameters Daily net primary vegetation type. BEPS model vegetation type. BEPS model production can calculate gross primary can calculate gross primary Humidity productivity (GPP), NPP and productivity (GPP), NPP and Soil data (AWC) (Daily) evapotranspiration (ET) with the (ET) with the evapotranspiration Annual net primary production input data including land cove, input data including land cove, leaf area index (LAI), soil leaf area index (LAI), soil available water capacity (AWC) available water capacity (AWC) and daily meteorology data. and daily meteorology data. NPP distribution
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. � Case study: NPP in Case study: NPP in Jiangyin Jiangyin � 1991 年 LAI 分布 2002 年 LAI 分布
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. Forest (A 4 ) Residential (A 1) Water (A 2 ) Cropland (A 3 ) Area in 1991 17898.45 11251.8 67757.36 1890.38 Area in 2002 29302.27 8421.13 60135.11 939.48 Changed area 11403.82 -2830.67 -7622.25 -950.9 Amplitude (1991 � 2002) （ % ） 63.71 -25.16 -11.25 -50.30 Residential A 1 12263.79 83.63 5526.36 24.67 Water A 2 992.67 6912.71 3340.61 5.81 Transitional area （ A ij ） (1991 � 2002) Cropland A 3 15568.18 1411.2 50728.23 49.75 Forest A 4 477.63 13.59 539.91 859.25 Residential A 1 68.52 0.47 30.86 0.14 Water A 2 8.82 61.44 29.69 0.05 Transitional probability （ P ij ） (1991 � 2002) Cropland A 3 22.98 2.08 74.87 0.07 Forest A 4 25.27 0.72 28.56 45.45
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. � Biological parameters and initial carbon content for various land covers in BEPS model references Broadleaved Conifer unit crop forest forest － Chen (1996)and Chen and Cihlar (1995) Clump index 0.7 0.5 0.9 Maximum stamotal Hunt et al. (1996) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) m/s 0.0045 0.00225 0.002 conductance(H 2 O) Leaf respiration Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) kgC/day/kg 0.00398 0.00267 0.002 coefficient Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) Stem respiration kgC/day/kg 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 coefficient Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) Root respiration kgC/day/kg 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 coefficient Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) Leaf carbon content kgC/m2 0.3 0.5 0.1 Stem carbon content kgC/m2 8 9.2 0.1 Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) Foley (1994) and Matsushita, et al. (2002) Root carbon content kgC/m2 1.7 2.3 0.1
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. � Mean and total NPP in in 1991a and 2002a Cropland Conifer forest Broadleaved forest total Mean NPP （ g Cm -2 y -1 ） 1991 1168 782 995 - 2002 1137 718 908 - Loss 31 64 87 - fraction （％） 2.65 8.18 8.74 - Total NPP （ Gg C y -1 ） 1991 791.41 8.62 7.84 807.87 2002 683.74 4.19 3.23 691.16 Loss 107.67 4.43 4.61 116.71 fraction （％） 13.60 51.39 58.80 14.45
2. NPP in urbanizing area NPP in urbanizing area 2. 1991 年 6 2002 年 5 叶面积指数 LAI 4 3 2 1 0 针叶林 coni f er 阔叶林 br oadl eave 农田 agr i cul t ur e Variation of mean LAI of all vegetation type
3. Topography and NPP Topography and NPP 3. � Topography affect the spatial pattern of PP, Topography affect the spatial pattern of PP, � mainly through light, water, nutrients, mainly through light, water, nutrients, temperature, winds. Especially soil water flow temperature, winds. Especially soil water flow direction. direction. � Topography affect the RS imageries, such as Topography affect the RS imageries, such as � distortion, caused the shift of pixels, and so on. distortion, caused the shift of pixels, and so on. So, in NPP calculation based on RS data, we So, in NPP calculation based on RS data, we must consider the topography charactors charactors. . must consider the topography
3. Topography and NPP Topography and NPP 3. � BEPS BEPS- - Ter r ai nLab Ter r ai nLab m m odel � odel BEPS and Ter r ai nLab Ter r ai nLab ar e devel oped ar e devel oped BEPS and by J. C J. C hen. BEPS not deal i ng w . BEPS not deal i ng w i t h by hen i t h soi l w at er hor i zont al f l ow but soi l w at er hor i zont al f l ow but Ter r ai nLab di d. So w di d. So w e use t hese Ter r ai nLab e use t hese t w o m odel s t oget her , and t est t he t w o m odel s t oget her , and t est t he ef f ect s of t opogr aphy on N PP. ef f ect s of t opogr aphy on N PP.
3. Topography and NPP Topography and NPP 3. � BEPS BEPS- -TerrainLab TerrainLab model model �
3. Topography and NPP Topography and NPP 3. Case study Case study � � Study area: Boahe Boahe watershed near watershed near Xi Xi’ ’an an, , Study area: 1. 1. area 3908 km 2 2 , annual precipitation 782mm, , annual precipitation 782mm, area 3908 km ℃ . 7. 6 ℃ av. Temp. is 7. 6 av. Temp. is . ： LAI ， NPP Data measured ： LAI ， NPP Data measured 2. 2. ， LAI ， Landcover TM ， LAI ， Landsat TM Landcover, DEM , DEM Landsat 3. 3. soil map, AWC soil map, AWC 4. 4. Prec., Temp. Humidity ., Temp. Humidity Prec 5. 5.
3. Topography and NPP Topography and NPP 3. � 4 4 types of model considerations types of model considerations � Scenario Topography on Topography on soil Scenario Topography on Topography on soil meteorology water lateral flow meteorology water lateral flow 1 yes yes 1 yes yes 2 yes no 2 yes no 3 no yes 3 no yes 4 no no 4 no no
Recommend
More recommend
