Life cycle analysis of RusaLCA system Alenka Mauko Pranji , Janez - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Life cycle analysis of RusaLCA system Alenka Mauko Pranjić , Janez Turk Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute, Laboratory for Concrete, Stone and Recycled Materials

What /Who is RusaLCA? LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

• A RUSALKA is a water nymph a female spirit in Slavic mythology and folklore. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water Ivan Kramskoi, The Mermaids , 1871 treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

Antonin Dvorak: Rusalka LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LIFE RusaLCA – Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs • with LCA (meaning Life Cycle Assessment) in the name LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

Three pillars of sustainability Venn diagram of sustainable development: at the LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water confluence of three constituent parts treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

Life cycle thinking - LCT • Before: minimising impact from single sources (e.g. polution: discharges into rivers and emissions from factories) • Life Cycle Thinking (LCT): possible improvements to goods and services in the form of lower impacts and the reduced use of resources across all life cycle stages . LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

4. From waste to resources: boosting the market for secondary raw materials and water reuse „ The Commission will take a series of actions to promote the reuse of treated wastewater, including legislation on minimum requirements for reused water. “ LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

Three pillars of sustainability Venn diagram of sustainable development: at the LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water confluence of three constituent parts treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LCA Waste water treatment plant: - reduce the environmental impact caused by the sewage to the environment. - consumption of resources for construction and operation results in an impact on the environment. The impact of waste water treatment plant can be analyzed by Life Cycle Assessment method (see literature and/or ISO standard of series 14040). LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 13

• Life Cycle Assessment : an environmental tool which allows calculation of environmental loads related to processes or product or services. Source: Antikainen 2011. LCA is applied to analyze the environmental performance of waste water treatment plant in Šentrupert municipality (primary and secondary treatment of waste water). LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 14

• Primary treatment of waste water: Protection of the environment from the load of nutrients and other compounds by complying with water quality parameters (COD and BOD values at outflow from WWTP). • Secondary treatment of waste water (via nano-remediation): Water is totally purified and can be used for different purposes. The exploitation of groundwater reserves is reduced, what has positive effect on environment (saving natural resources). Additional amount of electrical energy is consumed; Chemical reagents are required; Additional amount of sludge is generated. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 15

The LCA is four stage process, which includes: • Goal of the study. • Inventory analysis: LCA takes into account all relevant inputs and outputs of a product system through its life cycle. • Impact Assessment (impact on various environmental indicators can be studied). • Interpretation of the results. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 16

GOAL OF THE STUDY is to evaluate the environmental benefits and eventually also weaknesses of the waste water treatment plant (in Šentrupert ) with both primary and secondary treatment processes. The functional unit: In this study, the functional unit is the operation of waste water treatment plant in Šentrupert over a period of one month. System boundaries : Results for operation stage will be shown and presented. Construction stage is excluded, so as sludge treatment and demolition stage after the end-of-life of waste water treatment plant. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 17

INVENTORY Primary (biological) treatment of waste water: Input data: • Inflow of waste water: around 243 m 3 . • Electricity consumption during the primary treatment. Output data: • 70 % of treated waste water to surface stream. • Chemical oxygen demand (COD) at outflow: 150 mg/L, • Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) at outflow: 30 mg/L. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 18

Secondary treatment of waste water via nano- remediation: Input data: • 30% of water from primary tank is drained to secondary tank for nanoremediation. • Use of chemicals and filters: Zero-valent iron (0.25 g/L), IZOSAN G (10 mg/L), Activated carbon, Ion exchanger, Sodium chloride for regeneration of filters (0,0007 kg/L). • Electricity consumption during the secondary treatment. LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 19

RESULTS The impact on global warming is relatively increased considering secondary treatment of waste water in addition to primary – biologically treatment. Global Warming Potential 700 Slight benefit with 600 regard to impact on kg carbon dioxide equivalents 500 GWP is related to Benefits of secondary 400 treatment reduced exploitation Secondary treatment 300 Primary treatment of groundwater. 200 100 0 GWP -100 LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 20

Global Warming Potential 300 250 200 kg carbon dioxide equivalents 150 100 50 0 Electricity Activated carbon IZOSAN G Ion-exchanger Zero-valent iron regeneration of Delivery of Benefits filters chemicals -50 LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 21

Impact on Eutrophication is almost completely caused during primary treatment due to the outflow of treated water to surface stream. With secondary treatment of 30% of waste water, this water is totally purified and emissions of nutrients Eutrophication Potential to surface stream 300 are reduced, 250 200 what is considered kg phosphate equivalents 150 Benefits of secondary treatment as a benefit. 100 Secondary treatment 50 Primary treatment 0 Eutrophication -50 -100 -150 LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 22

Impact on consumption of groundwater and surface water . The amount of purified water is used for different purposes as has been mentioned. For this reason, extraction of groundwater is reduced, what has a positive impact on saving reserves of groundwater. Blue water consumption 10.000 0 Blue water consumption [kg] -10.000 -20.000 Benefits of secondary treatment -30.000 Liters Secondary treatment -40.000 Primary treatment -50.000 -60.000 -70.000 -80.000 LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 23

Three pillars of sustainability Venn diagram of sustainable development: at the LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water confluence of three constituent parts treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs

LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS (LCCA) • LCCA is a process of evaluating the economic performance for example of a structure (i.e. WWTP) over its entire life. LCCA balances initial monetary investment with the long-term expense of owning and operating the structure. Source: http://www.nlgreenenergysolutions.com LIFE RusaLCA - Nanoremediation of water from small waste water treatment plants and reuse of water and solid remains for local needs 25