Kinesiology Taping Certification Myra M Meekins PT, DPT, OCS, FAAOMPT myrameekins@gmail.com 1
History of Elastic Tape • Been in practice for years • Most poplar: Kinesio Tape • Other well know tapes: Rock tape, KT tape, SpiderTech 2
Research on Taping • Moderate evidence for taping as a reasonable treatment for: – Achilles Tendinopathy – Plantar fasciitis – Knee OA – Patello ‐ femoral pain syndrome (PFPS) – Buddy ‐ taping for fracture/dislocation • Lack of good studies evaluating: – Different types of tape – Neck, low back, and shoulder taping procedures 3
How it Works • The weave of the fabric creates a biomechanical lifting mechanism that lifts the skin away from the soft tissues underneath, which allows more blood to move into an injured area to accelerate healing and recovery 4
Types of Therapeutic Tape • Athletic tape • McConnell tape • Kinesiotape 5
Benefits of Elastic Tape • Easy to apply • Water ‐ resistant • Effective between visits • Application can last 3 ‐ 5 days 6
What Can Tape Help? • Pain reduction • Muscle facilitation • Inflammation • Range of Motion • Lymphatic and venous • Strains flow • Sprains • Posture • Contusion • Muscle inhibition 7
Taping Guidelines • Tape is applied in a neutral position with no tension at the beginning of the tape application 8
Anchor Application • Target tissue is placed in a stretch position after the tape anchor is place, prior to applying tension 9
Taping Guidelines • The ends of the tape is also applies with no tension • *Start with slightly lower tension than indicated to the skin for initial taping application* 10
Taping Guidelines • Tape tension is defined as a percentage of available tension from the tape’s resting length – Paper off tension: 10 ‐ 15% – Insertion to origin: 15 ‐ 25% (light) – Origin to insertion: 15 ‐ 35% (moderate) – Tension greater than 50% (severe): primarily for corrective techniques 11
Taping Guidelines ‐ Muscle Overuse • Apply tape from Insertion (I) to Origin (O) • 15 ‐ 25% tension of the available tension • Will introduce an inhibition effect 12
Taping Guidelines ‐ Weak and/or Elongated Muscle • Apply tape from Origin (O) to Insertion (I) • 15 ‐ 35% tension of the available tension • Will introduce a facilitation effect 13
Taping Guidelines ‐ Recoil Effect 14
Taping Guidelines ‐ Unloading or Mechanical Corrections 15
Taping Guidelines • Convolutions aid in normal blood and lymph dynamics and tissue remodeling 16
Taping Guidelines • Skin must be free of oils • Adhesive becomes more adherent the longer the tape is worn • Allow at least 30 minutes prior to swimming • Patient education 17
Taping Guidelines • Activate tape by rubbing it until you feel warmth • Do not rub against edges of tape • Tape is applied to tissues that are elongated • No tension is placed on the anchors • Less is more 18
Taping Guidelines • Too much tension with tape application can: – Increase skin irritation – Produce shearing – Increase pain – Diminish effects – Introduce non ‐ therapeutic tension 19
Basic Strip Applications • “I” strip • “Y” strip • “X” strip • “Fan” strip A Y An X And a Fan An I 20
Taping Precautions • Pat dry after showering • To minimize skin reactions a simple coating of milk of magnesia • Spray adhesive • Trim the edges of the tape if it starts to curl or roll up off the skin • Keep tape application covered by clothes when sleeping 21
Taping Guidelines • Remove tape in direction of hair growth • Pull skin back from tape • Remove while bathing • Soap oil, hand lotion may be used to break adhesive 22
Taping Guidelines • Always perform a thorough evaluation • Examine, Assess, and Reassess • Taping is a great adjunct to treatment, but not a substitute 23
Taping Precautions • Fragile Skin • Congestive Heart Disease • Hx of Skin infections • Carotid artery disease • Diabetes • Compromised skin • Kidney disease • Compromised sensation 24
Contraindications • Over active malignancy sites • Active cellulitis or skin infection • Open wounds • DVTs 25
Musculoskeletal Conditions 26
Cervical Strain ‐ Paravertebrals • “Y” strip • Position: neutral spine • Anchor: T3 ‐ 4 Spinous process level • Stretch: c ‐ flexion and rot. to opp. side • Tension: 15 ‐ 50% • Tail(s): toward each side of the occiput 27
Cervical Strain – Cont’d • Flex neck again • Apply “I” strip horizontal at the CT junction • 75% tension • * Optional strip 28
Cervical Strain – Levator Scapulae • “I” Strip • Position: neutral spine • Anchor: medial border of scapula • Stretch: c ‐ flex & rotate/lat flexion to opp. side • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail: C1 – C4 TPs 29
Cervical Strain – Upper Trapezius • “I” Strip(s) • Anchor: acromion • Stretch: lateral flexion to opp. side • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail: occiput 30
Cervical Strain ‐ Scalenes • “I” strip • Anchor: 1 st rib • Stretch: cervical lat flex away/rotate toward same side • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail: TPs: C3 ‐ 6 31
Postural Taping 32
Evaluation and Treatment • Differentiate articular and muscular dysfunction • Cervical/CT junction/rib mobilizations • Therapeutic stretches as needed • Strengthen DNF • Unload cervical spine 33
Shoulder Impingement • “Y” strip • Anchor: below greater tuberosity • Stretch: c ‐ lateral flex away and shoulder ADD • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail(s): at and above the supraspinatus fossa 34
Deltoid Inhibition • “Y” strip • Anchor: below deltoid tuberosity • Stretch: shoulder horizontal ADD • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail(s): Ant. and post. Deltoid 35
GH Anterior Glide (Instability) • “I” strip • Shoulder in neutral position • Anchor: Coracoid • Position: GH medial rotation; apply post glide • Tension: 75 ‐ 100% • Tail(s): Posterior GH joint 36
Evaluation and Treatment • GH mobilizations • Assess scapulohumeral rhythm • Strengthen scapulohumeral muscles • Stretch short muscles • CT junction mobilization 37
Epicondylitis • “I” strip = 2 • Anchor/Tail: above and below condyle forming an “X” • Stretch: elbow extension/wrist flexion or elbow extension/wrist extension • Tension: 80% 38
Wrist Extensors • “Y” strip • Stretch: wrist flexion with unlocked elbow • Anchor radial styloid process • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Tail(s): near epicondyle 39
De Quervain’s • “Y” strip • Anchor: distal phalanx • Stretch: ulnar dev./thumb flexion • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • End: towards lateral epicondyle 40
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome • “X” strip; “I” strip; (circulatory/lymphatic correction) • Stretch: wrist and elbow extension • Tension: 25 ‐ 35% at volar forearm • Tail(s): antecubital fossa; thenar and hypothenar eminence (no tension in tails) • “I” strip: dorsal/volar aspect of wrist (10 ‐ 50%) 41
Finger Pain • “I” strip(s) • Anchor: Dorsal prox. wrist • Stretch: finger flexion • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • End: DIP joint • *optional 2 nd strip to anchor 42
Edema Taping • “fan strip” • Anchor: superior to injury site • Tension: Paper off tension • Tail: inferior to injury site 43
Evaluation and Treatment • Differentiate source of symptoms – gripping vs. repetitive wrist motion • Soft tissue mobilization • Neurodynamics • Radiohumeral joint mobilizations • Rest 44
Lumbar Strain • “I” strip (2) • Position neutral spine • Anchor: below SI joint • Stretch: forward flexion • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% * • Tail: T12 45
SIJ inflammation • “I” strip: 1 ‐ 4 • Anchor: Center Stretch • Stretch: forward flexion • Tension: 25 ‐ 50% • Region: SIJ 46
Evaluation and Treatment • Assess lumbopelvic and hip relationship • Assess hip strength and muscle recruitment • Lumbar stabilization • Sacral mobilization 47
Gluteus Medius • “I” strip(s) #1 • Position: Side ‐ lying • Anchor: post. lip of iliac crest, lateral to PSIS • Stretch: hip ADDuction/Flexion • Tension: 30 ‐ 50% • Tail(s): end at greater trochanter 48
Gluteus Medius (cont’d) • “I” strip(s) #2 • Position: side ‐ lying • Anchor: lip of iliac crest • Stretch: hip ADDuction/Extension • Tension: 30 ‐ 50% • Tail(s): distal to greater trochanter 49
IT Band • “I” strip(s); “Y” strip(s) optional • Position: Side ‐ lying, hip neutral, knee extended • Anchor: lateral condyle of the tibia • Stretch: Hip extension/adduction • Tension: 50% • Tail: above iliac crest 50
Evaluation and Treatment • Assess hip strength and muscle recruitment • Tibial ‐ femoral mobilizations • Thoracic and lumbosacral mobilizations • Limit high impact activities 51
Patella Tendonitis – I strip • “I” strip • Anchor: 2 ‐ 3” below tibial tuberosity • Tension: 15 ‐ 25% • Stretch: knee flexion • Tail(s): 3 ‐ 5” above superior pole of patella 52
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