ISPA tools South Asia and East Asia Pacific Regional ISPA Face-2-Face Training Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 12-16 March 2018
Team and Work Plan Team Agenda Introduction to the tool • Veronika Wodsak, Social • Security Specilalist, ILO How is CODI different from • other ISPA tools? From other Ruslan Yemtsov, Global lead, • types of assessment? Social Safety Nets, WBG Presentation of country • Rashiel Velarde, Social • experience with CODI Protection Specialist, WBG (Philippines) Myrna Asuncion, Director, • CODI Clinique: Resources, • Social Development at Exercises, Case Studies, Questions and Answers National Economic and Development Authority What have we learned? What • is next on the agenda for CODI (NEDA), Philippines application?
1. Introduction to CODI. How is CODI different from other ISPA tools? From other types of assessment? Agenda 2. Conceptual framework: Mapping of the social protection system 3. CODI assessment criteria 4. How to apply CODI? 5. Q&A
WHAT IS THE CORE DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENT?
Core Objectives of Diagnostic Instrument • 5
WHY CODI? THEORY OF CHANGE Evidence based formulation of policy options Assessment of the Social Protection System Revising policy options and identification of Formulation of Assessing Diagnostic Assessment options for in- Policy Options Policy Options depth feasibility assessments • Benchmarking • Defining objectives • Estimating the costs • Inventory of existing against international and target groups • Analysing impact on schemes principles and • Defining Qualifying government budget • Legal, financing, standards conditions • Simulating social and governance and • Benchmarking • Setting benefit economic impact policy making against comparable parameters frameworks programmes /systems performance • Identification of social protection gaps
Other tools… What are other tools for SP system analysis? Traditional – country level analysis Social welfare/protection system assessment • Social expenditure analysis • Pension sustainability analysis • Programme audit/ process evaluation • Impact evaluations • New – international/global SPPOT • SP Index • ASPIRE • SOCX, MISSOC, ESSPROS •
CODI provides a coherent framework for a systematic analysis of SP systems The framework facilitates the following : 1. Mapping the national social protection system: inventory of schemes and programmes 2. Analysis of the SP system performance: assessment against national objectives and standardized set of CODI performance criteria 3. Identification of policy, programmes and implementation strengths and weaknesses 4. Promotion of dialogue, exchange & coordination between national & international partners
VIEW OF THE SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM: MAPPING “KEY AREAS”
Original CODI framework for assessing social protection system: 3 modules &18 Key areas • Legal & Policy Policy Program Design Program Implementation • Eligibility • Identification Framework • Needs of the Criteria • Eligibility Population • Policymaking • Benefit Design Verification Process • Policy • Expenditures & • Enrolment Implementation & Financing Institutional • Benefit Delivery Capacity • Incentives • Public Expenditure • Monitoring & & Financing Evaluation • Information & Awareness • Complaint & • Monitoring & Evaluation Appeals Mechanism
Levels of analysis Levels of analysis Social Protection System: Policy, Design and Implementation System level analysis 2 1 3 4 Pillar or area Pillar or area Pillar or area Pillar or area of social of social of social of social protection protection protection protection e.g. Labor e.g. Pensions e.g. DRM e.g. Family Pillar level analysis Market Policy,Design Policy, Design Policy, Design Policy, Design &Implementa &Implementa &Implementati &Implementa tion tion on tion 1A 1B 1C 2A 2B 3A 3B 3C 4A 4B Design and Implement Policy, ation Program level analysis 12
ANALYSIS OF SP SYSTEM PERFORMANCE (CODI ASSESSMENT CRITERIA)
10 criteria to analyze the performance of the social protection system 1. Inclusiveness – who is covered? 2. Adequacy – what benefits/services are provided? 3. Appropriateness – do benefits and services address actual needs? 4. Respect for Rights and Dignity 5. Governance and Institutional Capacity 6. Financial and Fiscal Stability 7. Coherence and Integration – internally and across different policy areas 8. Responsiveness – to shocks and to demographic, social or economic developments 9. Cost-Effectiveness 10.Incentive Compatibility
1. Inclusiveness The social protection system should guarantee that everyone is protected along the life cycle, including the poorest and most vulnerable. This entails ensuring non-discrimination, gender equality, responsiveness to special needs, availability of and accessibility of programs and benefits.
Assessment matrix 1. Inclusiveness Refers to the system’s capacity to protect all members of society along the life cycle with special consideration for the most vulnerable Indicator Latent ... ... Advanced 1 2 3 4 Gender equality, non- Only for few programs, Gender equality, non- Gender equality, non- discrimination, and gender equality, non- discrimination, and special discrimination, and Gender special needs of discrimination, and needs of vulnerable persons special needs of equality, vulnerable persons are special needs of are taken into consideration vulnerable persons are non- not taken into vulnerable persons are in some programs’ design taken into consideration discriminati consideration in social taken into consideration and implementation and in the majority programs’ on, and protection laws, in social protection laws, related legal provisions exist design and special policies, strategies, and policies, strategies, for a majority of programs. implementation and needs programs’ design, nor programs’ design, and in related legal provisions in practice in the practice. exist for all programs. implementation. Most of target and Less than half of all A majority of potential Practically all eligible potentially eligible eligible population eligible population receives population receive Effective population is excluded receives benefits in benefits in practice. benefits in practice. coverage in practice from practice. receiving benefits when a contingency occurs. Important impasses in Access to social Almost universal awareness Proactive measures accessing social protection programs is a of social protection minimize costs to protection programs challenge due to programs. For example due beneficiary. For example, exist due to high moderate transaction to effective communication, to facilitate enrollment Accessibility transaction costs. For costs. For example: the good access to enrollment processes, rolling example: the inability modest information process, proactive efforts to updates or automatic to enroll, long periods campaign or irregular minimize enrollment cost to enrollment (i.e. through between enrollment rounds of enrollment beneficiary, and short employment contracts), rounds, and/or lack of with no or limited access periods between enrollment effective, tailored, and awareness among to individually request rounds with possibility for timely communication potential beneficiaries. for enrollment. enrollment at individual lead to universal requests. awareness.
2. Adequacy Programs provide regular and predictable benefits and quality services that are adequate to meet the needs of the population and achieve national/program objectives. As a minimum, benefits and services contribute to poverty reduction, equity and to ensure income security (for contributory benefits: income replacement), access to health and other services along the life cycle.
3 . Appropriateness SP system and national objectives and targets are appropriate regarding the combination of schemes and programmes as well as in relation to social protection needs, financing and institutional capacities. This requires policy decisions to be guided by evidence.
4. Respect for rights and dignity Entitlements to benefits are anchored in law and regulations, • specifying the range, qualifying conditions, and levels of the benefits. Programs and benefits design and their delivery are in line • with human rights standards and principles, including the protection of private individual information. The general public is well informed about SP measures. • Enforcement mechanisms are in place and efficient and • accessible complaint and appeal procedures are available.
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