IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 1 V0G - PDF document

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 1 V0G 2017 CTC 2 Who’s Smarter? IQ & Heredity: Francis Galton Men or Women? . Cynthia Schield History Major, Stanford 35 Years Human Resources Manager Milo Schield @ Augsburg University Teaches Statistical Literacy & Critical Thinking Twin Cities Critical Thinking Club Sept 3, 2017 www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf V0G 2017 CTC 3 V0G 2017 CTC 4 IQ Tests: Lewis Terman Binet Stanford-Binet . . V0G 2017 CTC 5 V0G 2017 CTC 6 IQ Correlates with , www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 1

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 7 V0G 2017 CTC 8 , . V0G 2017 CTC 9 V0G 2017 CTC 10 Wrong on women and dreams; Terman got it right: Right on some things Girls have same IQ as boys . Equal intelligence was seen as a pre-requisite for suffrage. Terman explained lack of intellectual careers for women: • Motherhood • Discrimination • Lack of opportunity Terman used IQ to liberate women. Terman was a man ahead of his time. V0G 2017 CTC 11 V0G 2017 CTC 12 . . www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 2

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 13 V0G 2017 CTC 14 Bachelor’s Degree: Future Plans…. Both support; IQ Dominates. Non-Sequitur / Wiley Miller . . V0G 2017 CTC 15 V0G 2017 CTC 16 Chronic Welfare Recipient: Child in poverty: Both Support; SES dominates. Both Support. Max is 30% . . Among adults at age 30 V0G 2017 CTC 17 V0G 2017 CTC 18 Is Lowest IQ Inherited? . . . www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 3

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 19 V0G 2017 CTC 20 Girls are smarter than boys: Boys are smarter than girls: Higher grades in school Higher Math SAT scores . . V0G 2017 CTC 21 V0G 2017 CTC 22 Two Explanations: Scotland’s Children’s IQ: Intelligence & Self Control 80,000 at age 11 in 1932 . Dreary (2003). V0G 2017 CTC 23 V0G 2017 CTC 24 M vs F: Mean, Std. Deviation. Ratio of Boys to Girls 100.64 vs 100.48*; 14.9 vs 14.1 . . * NOT Statistically 60% more Significant 10% less www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 4

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 25 V0G 2017 CTC 26 Guys dumber than gals? . Prison: Men 3 times as likely . Why? 1. Society discriminates against men. 2. On average, men have lower IQ than women 3. Men have less self-control than women 4. Low-IQ guys less self-control than low-IQ gals. Lack of self-control seems relevant to committing a crime V0G 2017 CTC 27 V0G 2017 CTC 28 Guys dumber than gals? Guys dumber than gals? ADHD: Men 3 times as likely Mental Retardation: 50% more guys Why? Mentally retarded (IQ<65): M-to-F is 3-to-2. 1. Society discriminates against men. 50% more prevalent among males than females 2. On average, men have lower IQ than women https://mn.gov/mnddc/parallels2/pdf/80s/82/82-PMR-ARC.pdf 3. Men have less self-control than women Mental retardation 4. Low-IQ guys less self-control than low-IQ gals. does not seem like a lack of Lack of self-control seems relevant to ADHD. self-control * ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101894/ V0G 2017 CTC 29 V0G 2017 CTC 30 Guys dumber than gals? More males at the extremes: Conclusion #1: NO! More guys mentally retarded . Guys 50% more likely to be mentally retarded than gals. 1. Society discriminates against boys. NO! More guys are 2. On average, boys have lower IQ than gals? NO! mentally retarded than gals are. 3. Guys less self-control than gals. Probably; This is not relevant to mental retardation. More low-IQ guys than low IQ gals AND “SELECTION BIAS” Just looking at bottom. www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 5

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 31 V0G 2017 CTC 32 Guys smarter than gals? Guys smarter than Gals? SATs: Guys higher than gals Men: higher chess ratings . . V0G 2017 CTC 33 V0G 2017 CTC 34 Guys smarter than Gals? Guys smarter than Gals? Men: Higher bridge scores More Men in top Math SATs . . V0G 2017 CTC 35 V0G 2017 CTC 36 Guys smarter than Gals? More males at the extremes: Conclusion? NO! More gifted guys than gals So what explains more men than women in the following? . Higher SAT scores (math and verbal) Men are more likely at top in chess and bridge Men more likely in high-IQ majors: Physics+Comp. Sci. More men are mentally gifted Men 4 times as prevalent in top 0.01% of SAT Math than women 1. Men smarter than women – on average? NO! 2. More men at the extremes? YES! Selection Bias : Selecting just the top end www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 6

IQ: Are Men Smarter than Women? V0G 9/3/2017 V0G 2017 CTC 37 V0G 2017 CTC 38 Conclusion #3 Are men smarter than women? Differences due to Selection Bias No and Yes… More men at IQ extremes + selection bias explain: Smarter on average? No! More men than women among high IQ? Yes! BOTTOM END: Mentally retarded: 50% more male than female Selection bias – looking just at high IQ – gives TOP END: weak reason for saying guys smarter than gals Higher SAT scores (math and verbal) Men are more likely at top in chess and bridge More men than women among low IQ? Yes! Men more likely in high-IQ majors: Physics+Comp. Sci. Mental retardation: “smoking gun” Gender vs. IQ Men 4 times as prevalent in top 0.01% of SAT Math V0G 2017 CTC 39 M vs F: Same IQ on average; More men at the IQ extremes . More men are More men are mentally gifted mentally retarded than women than women www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf Page 7

V0G 2017 CTC 1 Who’s Smarter? Men or Women? Cynthia Schield History Major, Stanford 35 Years Human Resources Manager Milo Schield @ Augsburg University Teaches Statistical Literacy & Critical Thinking Twin Cities Critical Thinking Club Sept 3, 2017 www.StatLit.org/pdf/2017-Schield-CTC-Slides.pdf

V0G 2017 CTC 2 IQ & Heredity: Francis Galton .

V0G 2017 CTC 3 Binet .

V0G IQ Tests: Lewis Terman 2017 CTC 4 Stanford-Binet .

V0G 2017 CTC 5 ,

V0G 2017 CTC 6 IQ Correlates with

V0G 2017 CTC 7 ,

V0G 2017 CTC 8 .

V0G 2017 CTC 9 Wrong on women and dreams; Right on some things .

V0G 2017 CTC 10 Terman got it right: Girls have same IQ as boys Equal intelligence was seen as a pre-requisite for suffrage. Terman explained lack of intellectual careers for women: • Motherhood • Discrimination • Lack of opportunity Terman used IQ to liberate women. Terman was a man ahead of his time.

V0G 2017 CTC 11 .

V0G 2017 CTC 12 .

V0G 2017 CTC 13 Future Plans…. Non-Sequitur / Wiley Miller .

V0G 2017 CTC 14 Bachelor’s Degree: Both support; IQ Dominates. .

V0G 2017 CTC 15 Chronic Welfare Recipient: Both Support; SES dominates. . Among adults at age 30

V0G 2017 CTC 16 Child in poverty: Both Support. Max is 30% .

V0G 2017 CTC 17 Is Lowest IQ Inherited? .

V0G 2017 CTC 18 . .

V0G 2017 CTC 19 Girls are smarter than boys: Higher grades in school .

V0G 2017 CTC 20 Boys are smarter than girls: Higher Math SAT scores .

V0G 2017 CTC 21 Two Explanations: Intelligence & Self Control .

V0G 2017 CTC 22 Scotland’s Children’s IQ: 80,000 at age 11 in 1932 Dreary (2003).

V0G 2017 CTC 23 M vs F: Mean, Std. Deviation. 100.64 vs 100.48*; 14.9 vs 14.1 . * NOT Statistically Significant

V0G 2017 CTC 24 Ratio of Boys to Girls . 60% more 10% less

V0G 2017 CTC 25 . .

V0G 2017 CTC 26 Guys dumber than gals? Prison: Men 3 times as likely Why? 1. Society discriminates against men. 2. On average, men have lower IQ than women 3. Men have less self-control than women 4. Low-IQ guys less self-control than low-IQ gals. Lack of self-control seems relevant to committing a crime

V0G 2017 CTC 27 Guys dumber than gals? ADHD: Men 3 times as likely Why? 1. Society discriminates against men. 2. On average, men have lower IQ than women 3. Men have less self-control than women 4. Low-IQ guys less self-control than low-IQ gals. Lack of self-control seems relevant to ADHD. * ADHD: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101894/

V0G 2017 CTC 28 Guys dumber than gals? Mental Retardation: 50% more guys Mentally retarded (IQ<65): M-to-F is 3-to-2. 50% more prevalent among males than females https://mn.gov/mnddc/parallels2/pdf/80s/82/82-PMR-ARC.pdf Mental retardation does not seem like a lack of self-control

V0G 2017 CTC 29 Guys dumber than gals? Conclusion #1: NO! Guys 50% more likely to be mentally retarded than gals. 1. Society discriminates against boys. NO! 2. On average, boys have lower IQ than gals? NO! 3. Guys less self-control than gals. Probably; This is not relevant to mental retardation. More low-IQ guys than low IQ gals AND “SELECTION BIAS” Just looking at bottom.

V0G 2017 CTC 30 More males at the extremes: More guys mentally retarded . More guys are mentally retarded than gals are.

V0G 2017 CTC 31 Guys smarter than gals? SATs: Guys higher than gals .