IPU – Preparatory meeting in Geneva– 19/ 10/ 2015 Alain DES TEXHE Rapport eur S enat or, Belgium
Great barrier reef- Australia African Intangible Cultural Heritage Colosseum – Italy Banaue, rice terraces- Philippines Incas roads – S outh America
MAS S TOURIS M ARMED CONFLICTS AND TERRORISM LOOTING AND ILLICIT TRAFFICKING POPULATION GROWTH AND URBANISATION LACK OF AWARENES S RES TORATION GLOBALIS ATION CLIMATE CHANGE LACK OF OR INS UFFICIENT REGIS TRATION BY S OME COUNTRIES
Mass tourism Queue in Angkor Vat http:/ / www.veroeddy.be/ asie/ cambodge/ angkor
Challenge - Tourism becomes destructive - Visit conditions (noise, crowding, selfies,… ) - Tourist services multiply Angkor
Recommendations Tourist Control Chart tourist flows Protection zones But also: Language training of guards ; entry prices (? )
Great wall of China ( China) Graffiti – Luxor (Egypt) MoMA Museum (United S tates) Tower of Pisa (Italy) Angkor (Cambodia) The Louvre Museum (France)
Armed conflicts and terrorism Palmyra ht t p:/ / www.20minutes.fr/ monde/ 1679511-20150904-syrie-cit e-antique-palmyre-bientot -reduite-poussiere-daesh
Challenge - Collateral damage/ incident - Looting Cultural cleansing: deliberate destruction (IS ) - The Mausoleum of Al-Chaab Al Dahmani - Libya ht t p:/ / www.j euneafrique.com/ 151554/ polit ique/ libye-tripoli-promet -la-fermet-apr-s-la-dest ruct ion-des-mausol-es/
Recommendations Ratification of The Hague S ystematicP Convention rosecution Museum st aff t raining But also: prevent ive approach, inclusion of t he prot ect ion of herit age in peace-keeping operat ions
Timbuktoo manuscripts - Mali Buddhas of Bamiyan, Afghanistan Yemeni heritage destroyed- Yemen
Looting and illicit trafficking Museum of Baghdad http:/ / boutique.arte.tv/ f1067-memoirevoleemuseebagdad
Challenge - Political instability - S ource of income - Laundering of items Tanzania, Poaching for ivory http:/ / www.lemonde.fr/ afrique/ article/ 2014/ 05/ 09/ les-elephants-pourraient -disparaitre-de-tanzanie-dans-sept-ans_4414382_3212.html
Recommendations Accurate Ratification inventory UNIDROIT + Convention Creation of a National Body But also : Regular st udies based on t he invent ory ; police and cust om forces ; monit oring of suspicious Int ernet sales ; effect ive monit oring of sit es
Poaching rhinoceros Looting of Cairo Museum (Egypt)
Population growth and urbanisation Expansion of Cairo : in yellow, boundaries of the city in 1968 ; in red, boundaries in 2008 http:/ / eoedu.belspo.be/ fr/ profs/ vgt-africa-population.asp? section=15.102
Challenge - Rapid urbanisation of tourist areas - Promotion of new tertiary activities over previous ones - S ignificant impact on the intangible cultural heritage
Example 1 : Population density of Virunga national Park – Democratic Republic Congo Population per km2 : 1925 5 2000 Around 100 Example 2 : Jing’ an Temple in S hanghai
Recommendations Particular attention on urban proj ects -
Recommendations Education Military training programs Lack of awareness Cultural events But also : promot ion of cit izen part icipat ion
Inca wall - Peru
Restoration Restored Ecce Homo in S pain
Challenges - Restoration techniques - S ymbolic value – materiality - « S econd life » – reconciliation Inle Lake – stupas - Myanmar Before and after restoration /
Intangible cultural heritage - Africa Old town in Warsaw Bagan - Myanmar
Recommendations Regular maintenance Know-how transmission S ystematic use of experts -
Globalisation
McDonald’ s (Ireland 1° and China 2° )
Climate change S t Mark’s S quare – flooding in 2008 – Venice ht t p:/ / www.not re-planete.info/ act ualit es/ actu_3326_venise_inondat ion.php
Challenge - Potential threats on heritage - S nowball effect with mass tourism - Descriptive approach -> need for concrete actions
Dryness Rice fields – Madagascar Pompeii Flooding - Cambodia
Recommendations Quantitative approach Impacts evaluation Expert consultations But also : comprehensive approach of Herit age in it s global environment
LACK OF OR INS UFFICIENT REGIS TRATION
Recommendations Incentives Hague Convention Ratification Enhanced protection But also : exchange of good practices
Armed Looting and Mass conflicts and illicit tourism terrorism trafficking Population Lack of growth and Restoration awareness urbanisation Heritage Climate Globalisation change registration
9 Challenges More details? The full report is 31 Recommendations available in the room ! 1 Report
Thank you for your attention and participation ! S ee you in Lusaka !
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