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IP, 4K/UHD & HDR test & measurement challenges explained - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 08, 2022 •321 likes •606 views

IP, 4K/UHD & HDR test & measurement challenges explained Phillip Adams, Managing Director So what are the big challenges facing the industry? HD UHD Higher bandwidths for immersive 4K/UHD HDR/WCG gaining momentum uptake by HD +

  1. IP, 4K/UHD & HDR test & measurement challenges explained Phillip Adams, Managing Director

  2. So what are the big challenges facing the industry?

  3. HD → UHD Higher bandwidths for immersive 4K/UHD

  4. HDR/WCG gaining momentum uptake by HD + UHD broadcasters

  5. SMPTE ST 2022-6 | SMPTE ST 2110 IP fast gaining maturity Greater scalability, more flexible business models

  6. IP 4K/UHD-SDI HDR / WCG SMPTE ST 2022-6 12G/6G/3G 12G/6G/3G/HD SMPTE ST 2110 New, smarter test & measurement tools It’s a Hybrid World!

  7. HD → UHD (12G-SDI) transition Monitoring & compliance challenges

  8. What’s to be covered o What’s driving UHD? o What’s happening with the key IP standards? o Key compliance & signal quality challenges? o What’s needed for test & measurement?

  9. Drivers behind UHD o Demand for more engaging content to differentiate services o Rising consumer expectations o New & ubiquitous UHD TVs o Government promotion in Asia o Industry pushes like ATSC 3.0 o 12G-SDI enables UHD within traditional broadcast architecture Premier content like sports and movies leading roll out

  10. UHD the challenges • Proliferation of new standards & formats • Managing UHD payloads – 12G SDI, multiple links • Maintaining UHD signal integrity – complex & unforgiving

  11. Proliferation of UHD standards Video Standards • ST2036-1:2014 UHDTV – Image Parameter Values for Program Production • ST2036-2:2008 UHDTV – Audio Characteristics and Audio Channel Mapping for Program Production • ST2048-1:2011 Digital Cinematography Production Image Formats • ST424:2012 3 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface • ST425-1:2014 Source Image Format and Ancillary Data Mapping for 3Gbps SDI • ST425-3:2014 Source Image Format and Ancillary Data Mapping for Dual link 3Gbps SDI • ST425-5:2014 Source Image Format and Ancillary Data Mapping for Quad link 3Gbps SDI • ST2081-1:2015 6 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface – Electrical • ST2081-10:2015 2160-Line and 1080-Line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for Single-Link 6G-SDI • ST2081-11:2016 2160-line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for Dual link 6G-SDI • ST2081-12:2016 4320-line and 2160-line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for Quad-link 6G-SDI • ST2082-1:2015 12 Gb/s Signal/Data Serial Interface — Electrical • ST2082-10:2015 2160-line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for 12G-SDI • ST2082-11:2016 4320-line and 2160-line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for Dual-link 12G-SDI • ST2082-12:2016 4320-line and 2160-line Source Image and Ancillary Data Mapping for Quad-link 12G-SDI • ITU-R BT.2077-0 Part 3 (Real-time SDI for UHDTV signals)

  12. … and more standards Audio Standards • ST272M:2004 SD-SDI 16 channel audio • ST299-1:2009 HD-SDI 16 channel audio • ST299-2:2010 HD-SDI 16 additional channels for 3G SDI (ST 425 Level A) HDR Standards • ARIB STD-B67 Hybrid Log Gamma (BBC/NHK) • ST2084:2014 High Dynamic Range Electro-Optical Transfer Function of Mastering Reference Displays (Dolby) • S-Log3 (Sony) ITU standards • ITU-R BT.601 (Parameter values for SDTV systems) • ITU-R BT.709 (Parameter values for HDTV systems) • ITU-R BT.2020-1 (Parameter values for UHDTV systems)

  13. UHD payloads explained Pixels Lines Frames 10b 4:2:2/4:2:0 10b 4:4:4(:4) 12b 4:4:4 12b 4:2:2(:4) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) 7680 4320 120/119.88 80 160 160 160 7680 4320 100 67 133 133 133 UHDTV2/8K 7680 4320 60/59.94 40 80 80 80 7680 4320 50 34 67 67 67 7680 4320 30/29.97 20 40 40 40 7680 4320 25 17 34 34 34 7680 4320 24/23.98 16 32 32 32 3840 2160 120/119.88 20 40 40 40 3840 2160 100 17 34 34 34 UHDTV1/4K 3840 2160 60/59.94 10 20 20 20 3840 2160 50 9 17 17 17 3840 2160 30/29.97 5 10 10 10 3840 2160 25 5 9 9 9 3840 2160 24/23.98 4 8 8 8

  14. UHD payloads explained Pixels Lines Frames 10b 4:2:2/4:2:0 10b 4:4:4(:4) 12b 4:4:4 12b 4:2:2(:4) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) 7680 4320 120/119.88 80 [8] 160 [16] 160 [16] 160 [16] 7680 4320 100 67 [8] 133 [16] 133 [16] 133 [16] UHDTV2/8K 7680 4320 60/59.94 40 [4] 80 [8] 80 [8] 80 [8] 7680 4320 50 34 [4] 67 [8] 67 [8] 67 [8] 7680 4320 30/29.97 20 [2] 40 [4] 40 [4] 40 [4] 7680 4320 25 17 [2] 34 [4] 34 [4] 34 [4] 7680 4320 24/23.98 16 [2] 32 [4] 32 [4] 32 [4] 3840 2160 120/119.88 20 [2] 40 [4] 40 [4] 40 [4] 3840 2160 100 17 [2] 34 [4] 34 [4] 34 [4] UHDTV1/4K 3840 2160 60/59.94 10 [1] 20 [2] 20 [2] 20 [2] 3840 2160 50 9 [1] 17 [2] 17 [2] 17 [2] 3840 2160 30/29.97 5 [1] 10 [1] 10 [1] 10 [1] 3840 2160 25 5 [1] 9 [1] 9 [1] 9 [1] 3840 2160 24/23.98 4 [1] 8 [1] 8 [1] 8 [1] Table Entries: Mapped Video Payload in Gbps [number of 12Gbps links required]

  15. UHD payloads explained Pixels Lines Frames 10b 4:2:2/4:2:0 10b 4:4:4(:4) 12b 4:4:4 12b 4:2:2(:4) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) (Gbps) 7680 4320 120/119.88 80 [8] 160 [16] 160 [16] 160 [16] 48G payload (4x 12G-SDI) 7680 4320 100 67 [8] 133 [16] 133 [16] 133 [16] 24G payload (2x 12G-SDI) UHDTV2/8K 7680 4320 60/59.94 40 [4] 80 [8] 80 [8] 80 [8] 12G payload (1x 12G-SDI) 7680 4320 50 34 [4] 67 [8] 67 [8] 67 [8] 6G payload (1x 6G-SDI) 7680 4320 30/29.97 20 [2] 40 [4] 40 [4] 40 [4] 7680 4320 25 17 [2] 34 [4] 34 [4] 34 [4] 7680 4320 24/23.98 16 [2] 32 [4] 32 [4] 32 [4] 3840 2160 120/119.88 20 [2] 40 [4] 40 [4] 40 [4] 3840 2160 100 17 [2] 34 [4] 34 [4] 34 [4] UHDTV1/4K 3840 2160 60/59.94 10 [1] 20 [2] 20 [2] 20 [2] 3840 2160 50 9 [1] 17 [2] 17 [2] 17 [2] 3840 2160 30/29.97 5 [1] 10 [1] 10 [1] 10 [1] 3840 2160 25 5 [1] 9 [1] 9 [1] 9 [1] 3840 2160 24/23.98 4 [1] 8 [1] 8 [1] 8 [1] Table Entries: Mapped Video Payload in Gbps [number of 12Gbps links required]

  16. SMPTE: Maintaining UHD signal integrity Data Rate 1.485 Gbps 2.97 Gbps 5.94 Gbps 11.88 Gbps Standard SMPTE ST292-1:2012 SMPTE ST424:2012 SMPTE ST2081-1:2015 SMPTE ST2082-1:2015 Coding Scrambled NRZI Scrambled NRZI Scrambled NRZI Scrambled NRZI Amplitude 800 mV +/- 10% 800 mV +/- 10% 800 mV +/- 10% 800 mV +/- 10% DC Offset 0.0 V +/- 0.5 V 0.0 V +/- 0.5 V 0.0 V +/- 0.5 V 0.0 V +/- 0.5 V Rise / Fall time < 270 ps < 135 ps < 80 ps < 45 ps Rise / Fall time difference < 100 ps < 50 ps < 35 ps < 18 ps Over/Under-shoot <10% of the amplitude <10% of the amplitude <10% of the amplitude <10% of the amplitude Timing Jitter < 1 UI < 2 UI < 4 UI < 8UI (colour bar test signal) (10 Hz to 148.5 MHz) (10 Hz to 297 MHz) (10 Hz to 594 MHz) (10 Hz to 1188 MHz) Alignment Jitter < 0.2 UI < 0.3 UI < 0.3 UI < 0.3 UI (colour bar test signal) (100 kHz to 148.5 MHz) < 0.2 UI recommended < 0.2 UI recommended < 0.2 UI recommended (100 kHz to 297 MHz) (100 kHz to 594 MHz) (100 kHz to 1188 MHz) Coaxial cable length 200 m 200 m 100 m 70 m (Belden 1694A) Coaxial cable length 100 m (Canare L-5.5CUHD)

  17. Maintaining UHD signal integrity: cables Belden 1694A • Designed for 3G-SDI • Works with 12G-SDI to 70m on the present chipsets • 100m on next generation chipsets Canare L-5.5CUHD • Designed for 12G-SDI • Works with 12G-SDI to 100m on the present chipsets • 125m on next generation chipsets

  18. UHD (12G-SDI) Adapting test & measurement tools for UHD (12G-SDI)

  19. New test & measurement tools for UHD (12G-SDI) • Physical layer testing with Eye & Jitter • Stress testing systems with Pathological signals

  20. Eye & Jitter testing for UHD (12G-SDI) “ Physical layer testing is especially important with 12G-SDI in view of the greater cable ” length sensitivity & unforgiving nature of UHD

  21. RTE TM 12G Eye & Jitter analysis for UHD SMPTE compliance measurements: • Eye Amplitude • DC offset • Overshoot/Undershoot • Rise Time/Fall Time • Timing/Alignment Jitter • H and V Histograms Instant, accurate readings Real time, multi rate eye RTE TM , 12G, 6G, 3G, HD-SDI >30GHz analogue bandwidth (5x 6GHz fundamental)

  22. Jitter analysis for UHD (12G-SDI) • Monitor Jitter in 5 specified frequency bands • Filter frequencies simultaneously • High frequencies most important • This isn’t the whole story, check eye pattern for higher frequency jitter – above 20MHz SMPTE RP184-2015: Specification of Jitter in Bit-Serial Digital Systems SMPTE RP192-2015: Jitter Measurement Procedures In Bit-Serial Digital Interfaces

  23. Jitter measurements – beware! Measurements taken from different instruments will be different Be aware of instrument noise floors, filter pass band & cut-off rates, upper measurement limits, measurement algorithms & calibration

  24. Pathological signals for UHD (6G and 12G-SDI) Established method adopted for the stress testing of SDI interfaces SMPTE RP 198-1998 Pathological signals are recommended by SMPTE for use with SD, HD & 3G standards only Not yet approved by SMPTE for 6G or 12G-SDI … may take a few more years for approval!

  25. New pathological tools for Qx With pathological patterns, the pathological signal only occurs statistically every 512 lines! A new tool will provide feedback of pathological conditions on the interface with GPI trigger output Checkfield, PLL and EQ testing

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