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Chapter #1 INTRODUCTION Teaching material for the book Model-Driven Software Engineering in Practice by Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Morgan & Claypool, USA, 2012. Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer.

  1. Chapter #1 INTRODUCTION Teaching material for the book Model-Driven Software Engineering in Practice by Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Morgan & Claypool, USA, 2012. Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. www.mdse-book.com Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  2. Introduction Contents  Human cognitive processes  Models  Structure of the book Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  3. Abstraction and human mind • The human mind continuously re-works reality by applying cognitive processes • Abstraction: capability of finding the commonality in many different observations: • generalize specific features of real objects (generalization) • classify the objects into coherent clusters (classification) • aggregate objects into more complex ones (aggregation) • Model: a simplified or partial representation of reality, defined in order to accomplish a task or to reach an agreement Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  4. Models What is a model? System Model represents Mapping Feature A model is based on an original (=system) Reduction Feature A model only reflects a (relevant) selection of the original‘s properties Pragmatic Feature A model needs to be usable in place of an original with respect to some purpose Purposes: • descriptive purposes • prescriptive purposes Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  5. Motivation What is Model Engineering?  Model as the central artifact of software development Static analysis Documentation Rapid prototyping Model Refactoring/ Code generation Transformation Automated testing  Related terms  Model Driven Engineering (MDE),  Model Driven [Software] Development (MDD/MDSD),  Model Driven Architecture (MDA)  Model Integrated Computing (MIC) [Illustration by Bernhard Rumpe] Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  6. Motivation Why Model Engineering?  Increasing complexity of software  Increasing basic requirements, e.g., adaptable GUIs, security, network capabilities, …  Complex infrastructures, e.g., operating system APIs, language libraries, application frameworks  Software for specific devices  Web browser, mobile phone, navigation system, video player, etc.  Technological progress …  Integration of different technologies and legacy systems, migration to new technologies  … leads to problems with software development  Software finished too late  Wrong functionality realized  Software is poorly documented/commented  and can not be further developed, e.g., when the technical environment changes, business model/ requirements change, etc. Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  7. Motivation [Balzert, H.: Lehrbuch der Softwaretechnik: Software-Entwicklung, Spektrum, Akad. Verlag, 1996] Why Model Engineering?  Quality problems in software development Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. [Slide by Bernhard Rumpe] Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  8. Motivation Why Model Engineering?  Traditional usage of models in software development  Communication with customers and users (requirement specification, prototypes)  Support for software design, capturing of the intention  Task specification for programming  Code visualization for understanding  What is the difference to Model Engineering? Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  9. Motivation Usage of models  Do not apply models as long as you have not checked the underlying simplifications and evaluated its practicability .  Never mistake the model for the reality .  Attention: abstraction, abbreviation, approximation, visualization , … chlorine atom electron atom electron nucleus shell Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  10. Motivation Constructive models (Example: Electrical Engineering) [Slide by Bernhard Rumpe] Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  11. Motivation Declarative models (Example: Astronomy)  Heliocentric model by Kopernikus Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  12. Motivation Application area of modeling t  Models as drafts  Communication of ideas and alternatives  Objective: modeling per se  Models as guidelines  Design decisions are documented  Objective: instructions for implementation  Models as programs  Applications are generated automatically  Objective: models are source code and vice versa Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  13. Motivation Increasing abstraction in software development  The used artifacts of software development slowly converge to the concepts of Business objects (course, account, customer) the application area Components (provided/required interface) Libraries (GUI, lists) Procedural constructs (while, case, if) Assembler and mnemonic abbreviations (MV, ADD, GET) Assembler (001001) [Illustration by Volker Gruhn] Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  14. Structure of the book PART 1: MDSE Foundations  1 Introduction  1.1 Purpose and Use of Models  1.2 Modeling for Software Development  1.3 How to Read this Book  2 MDSE Principles  2.1 MDSE Basics  2.2 Lost in Acronyms: The MD* Jungle  2.3 Overview of the MDSE Methodology  2.3.1 Overall Vision  2.3.2 Target of MDSE: Domains, Platforms,Technical Spaces, and Scenarios  2.3.3 Modeling Languages  2.3.4 Metamodeling  2.3.5 Transformations  2.3.6 Model Classification  2.4 MDSE Adoption in Industry  2.5 Tool Support  2.5.1 Drawing Tools vs Modeling Tools  2.5.2 Model-Based vs Programming-Based MDSE Tools  2.5.3 Eclipse and EMF  2.6 Criticisms of MDSE Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  15. Structure of the book PART 1: MDSE Foundations (continued)  3 MDSE Use Cases  3.1 Automating Software Development  3.1.1 Code Generation  3.1.2 Model Interpretation  3.1.3 Combining Code Generation and Model Interpretation  3.2 System Interoperability  3.3 Reverse Engineering  4 Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)  4.1 MDA Definitions and Assumptions  4.2 The Modeling Levels: CIM, PIM, PSM  4.3 Mappings  4.4 General Purpose and Domain-Specific Languages in MDA  4.5 Architecture-Driven Modernization  5 Integration of MDSE in your Development Process  5.1 Introducing MDSE in your Software Development Process  5.1.1 Pains and Gains of Software Modeling  5.1.2 Socio-Technical Congruence of the Development Process  5.2 Traditional Development Processes and MDSE  5.3 Agile and MDSE  5.4 Domain-Driven Design and MDSE  5.5 Test-Driven Development and MDSE  5.5.1 Model-Driven Testing  5.5.2 Test-Driven Modeling Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

  16. Structure of the book PART 1: MDSE Foundations (continued)  6 Modeling Languages at a Glance  6.1 Anatomy of Modeling Languages  6.2 General Purpose vs Domain-Specific Modeling Languages  6.3 General-Purpose Modeling: The Case of UML  6.4 UML Extensibility: The MiddleWay Between GPL and DSL  6.5 Overview on DSLs (Domain Specific Languages)  6.5.1 Principles of DSLs  6.5.2 Some Examples of DSLs  6.6 Defining Modeling Constraints (OCL) PART 2: MDSE Technologies  7 Developing yourOwn Modeling Language  7.1 Metamodel-Centric Language Design  7.1.1 Abstract Syntax  7.1.2 Concrete Syntax  7.1.3 Language Ingredients at a Glance  7.2 Example DSML: sWML  7.3 Abstract Syntax Development  7.3.1 Metamodel Development Process  7.3.2 Metamodeling in Eclipse  7.4 Concrete Syntax Development  7.4.1 Graphical Concrete Syntax (GCS)  7.4.2 Textual Concrete Syntax (TCS) Marco Brambilla, Jordi Cabot, Manuel Wimmer. Model-Driven Software Engineering In Practice . Morgan & Claypool 2012.

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