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Introduction Robert W. Lindeman Worcester Polytechnic Institute - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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CS-525V: Building Effective Virtual Worlds Introduction Robert W. Lindeman Worcester Polytechnic Institute Department of Computer Science gogo@wpi.edu Course Overview Goals Separate the hype from the potential Understand the main

  1. CS-525V: Building Effective Virtual Worlds Introduction Robert W. Lindeman Worcester Polytechnic Institute Department of Computer Science gogo@wpi.edu

  2. Course Overview  Goals  Separate the hype from the potential  Understand the main problems/sub-fields  Build something cool! R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 2

  3. Assignments  Two Main Assignments  Survey paper  Programming assignment  These don't need to be on the same topic R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 3

  4. What Makes a Good Survey?  What do you think?  Not a laundry list!  A classification scheme  Get up to speed on the main issues  See what others have done  Map out a design space  Dense/sparse areas  Find a potential thesis topic :-) R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 4

  5. Programming Assignment  Choose a target application area  Design the application  Put together a basic skelleton  Populate the world with things  Connect I/O devices  Design the interaction  Assess the result R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 5

  6. Programming Assignment (cont.)  Can be done in teams  Clearly define what each member will be responsible for  Can use any software/language you like  You must program the experience though, so don't use tools that are too high-level  Samples  OpenGL, DirectX, Java3D, OpenSceneGraph, OpenSG, FreeVR, others  Game engine code  HIVE resources  We have many devices for you to use.  Field trip next week R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 6

  7. What is Virtual Reality?  You tell me! R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 7

  8. Virtual Reality Systems 1929 – Link Flight Simulator  1946 – First computer (ENIAC)  1956 – Sensorama  1960 – Heileg’s HMD  1965-68 – The Ultimate Display  1972 – Pong  1973 – Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp.  1976 – Videoplace  1977 – Apple, Commodore, and Radio Shack PCs  1979 – First Data Glove [Sayre] (powerglove -89)  1981 – SGI founded  1985 – NASA AMES  1986-89 – Super Cockpit Program  1990s – Boom Displays  1992 – CAVE (at SIGGRAPH)  1995 – Workbench  1998 – Walking Experiment  R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 8

  9. Link Flight Simulator  1929 - Edward Link develops a mechanical flight simulator  Train in a synthetic environment  Used mechanical linkages  Instrument (blind) flying  http://www.wpafb.af.mil/ museum/early_years/ey1 9a.htm R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 9

  10. Sensorama Morton Heilig, 1956 Motorcycle simulator - all senses • visual (city scenes) • sound (engine, city sounds) • vibration (engine) • smell (exhaust, food) Extend the notion of a ‘movie’ R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 10

  11. Heilig's HMD (1960) Simulation Mask from Heilig’s 1960 patent  3D photographic slides  WFOV optics with focus control  Stereo sound  Smell R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 11

  12. Ivan Sutherland  The Ultimate Display (FIPS 1965)  Data Visualization: “A display connected to a digital computer…is a looking glass into a mathematical wonderland.”  Body Tracking: “The computer can easily sense the positions of almost any of our body muscles.” R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 12

  13. Ultimate Display (cont.)  Virtual Environments that mimic real environments: “A chair display in such a room would be good enough to sit in. Handcuffs displayed in such a room would be confining, and a bullet displayed in such a room would be fatal.”  VEs that go beyond reality: “There is no reason why the objects displayed by a computer have to follow ordinary rules of physical reality with which we are familiar.” R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 13

  14. First HMD-Based VR 1965 - The Ultimate Display paper by Sutherland 1968 - Ian Sutherland’s HMD R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 14

  15. Molecular Docking Simulator  Incorporated force feedback  Visualize an abstract simulation R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 15

  16. Data Gloves  Light, electrical or metal detectors compute “bend”  Electrical sensors detect pinches.  Force feedback mechanical linkages R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 16

  17. 1985 - NASA Ames HMD  McGreevy and and Humphries  Wearable immersive HMDs  LCD “Watchman” displays  LEEP Optics  Led to VIVID, led by Scott Fisher R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 17

  18. FakeSpace Boom Display: Early 1990s R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 18

  19. CAVE - 1992 R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 19

  20. Virtual Workbench-1995 (Responsive Workbench, Immersidesk, etc.) R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 20

  21. Current Best VE  UNC Pit Experiment  Fear of Heights a Strong Response  Thousands of visitors  Compelling Experience  Haptics  Low Latency  High Visual Quality R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 21

  22. VPL Founded - 1985  First VR Company  VPL Research by Jaron Lanier and Thomas Zimmerman  Data Glove  Term: Virtual Reality R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 22

  23. 1995 - Effectiveness of computer-generated (VR) graded exposure in the treatment of acrophobia in American Journal of Psychiatry R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 23

  24. Major Reinvigoration: Hardware Evolution  High expense  PC performance surpasses Graphics supercomputers  SGI RealityEngine (300k tris – 1993)  XBOX (150 mil tri/sec - 2001)  XBOX360 (500 mil tri/sec - 2005)  Wii input device  Large Volume Displays  VR Estimated $3.4 billion industry in 2005 R.W. Lindeman - WPI Dept. of Computer Science 24

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