22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 LOGO Effects of polymer sizes and concentrations Effects of polymer sizes and concentrations of chitosan on growth and yield of of chitosan on growth and yield of Butterhead lettuce Butterhead lettuce Lactuca sativa L. 'Butterhead' Lactuca sativa L. 'Butterhead' Presented by Kansinee Hungsaprug Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supachitra Chadchawan 1 Introduction Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) Romanine Buttercrunch Black seeded simpson Sweet Oak leaf Red sails valentine 2 http://thegoldenspiral.org/wp ‐ content/uploads/2008.jpg 1
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Introduction Butterhead http://i208.photobucket.com/albums/bb141.jpg 3 Introduction Chitosan deacetylation 4 2
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Introduction Chitosan � Poly(2 ‐ amino ‐ 2 ‐ deoxy ‐ D ‐ glucose) or poly (N ‐ glucosamine) (N glucosamine) � Biopolymer � D ‐ glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N ‐ acetyl ‐ D ‐ glucosamine (acetylated unit) � β‐ (1,4) glycosidic linkage � Oligomer and polymer g p y � Degree of deacetylation 75 ‐ 95% 5 Introduction Chitosan applications � Enhanced growth and productivity � Prolonged fresh weight maintenance � Reduced disease infection 6 3
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Introduction Chitosan: Okra � Okra treated with O80 at 25 ppm resulted in higher average height and number of leaf, flower, and pod per plant and number of leaf, flower, and pod per plant � Okra treated with O80 at 50 ppm resulted in reduced okra yellow vein mosaic virus � Okra treated with O80 at 20 ppm maintained fresh weight of okra pod during storage Lotrakul et al . (2007) 7 Introduction Chitosan: Dendrobium orchid � Chitosan O80 at 1, 10, 50, 100 ppm induced • early flowering • an increase in the accumulative inflorescence number � Chitosan P80 at 1 and 10 ppm enhanced the accumulative inflorescence number Limpanavech et al . (2008) 8 4
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Objective To study the influences of polymer sizes and To study the influences of polymer sizes and concentrations of chitosan on growth and yield of Butterhead lettuce 9 http://www.congeladosdasonia.com.br/butterhead_lettuce1.jpg Methods 1. Seed germination 10 days Seedlings 10 5
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Methods 2. Transplant Greenhouse: Greenhouse: netted greenhouse under natural light 11 Methods 3. Treatment: 7 treatments control 5 ppm 1 0 ppm 2 0 ppm 5 ppm 1 0 ppm 2 0 ppm O8 0 O8 0 O8 0 P8 0 P8 0 P8 0 RCBD with 3 replications of 4 plants (nutrient solution replaced weekly) 45 days Harvest 12 6
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Methods 2 3 head diameter 1 f fresh weight h i ht leaf number 68.24 g keep in hot ‐ air oven (60 ˚ c) for 7 days dry weight 13 Results Fresh weight Dry weight 1A) 28 ‐ 32 ° C in December 1A) 28 32 C in December 2A) 28 ‐ 32 ° C in December 2A) 28 32 C i D b c 140 a b b 5.00 abc ab bc a a 120 a a a ab ab esh w eight ( g) 4.00 ry w eight ( g) 100 3.00 80 60 2.00 Fre 40 40 Dr 1.00 20 0 0.00 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 14 7
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Results Head diameter Leaf number 3A) 28 ‐ 32 ° C in December 4A) 28 ‐ 32 ° C in December 37 28 c b b 36 b bc 27 bc bc d diam eter ( cm ) abc 35 ab Leaf num ber 26 ab ab 34 25 a 33 a a 24 32 31 23 Head 30 22 29 21 28 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 15 Results Fresh weight Dry weight 1B) 16 ‐ 36 ° C in March 2B) 16 ‐ 36 ° C in March 100 4.00 bc c bc c a bc abc 3.50 80 abc esh w eight ( g) ab ab ab 3.00 a y w eight ( g) ab ab 60 2.50 2.00 40 1.50 Fre Dry 1.00 20 0.50 0.00 0 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 16 8
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Results Head diameter Leaf number 3B) 16 ‐ 36 ° C in March 4B) 16 ‐ 36 ° C in March 36 30 c c bc 35 c ab ab ab ab 25 d diam eter ( cm ) a 34 ab Leaf num ber ab 33 20 32 a a a 15 31 30 10 29 Head 28 5 27 0 26 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 control O5 O10 O20 P5 P10 P20 17 Discussion Chitosan • Enhanced growth and productivity (Nge et al ., 2006) (El ‐ Sawy et al ., 2010) 18 9
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 Conclusion The best productivity enhancement by chitosan was detected when 5 ppm O80 was added to the nutrient solution after growing for 45 days in the netted greenhouse under natural light. However, the temperature fluctuation in combination with chitosan application can cause negative effect on ‘Butterhead’ lettuce growth. 19 Acknowledgement � Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supachitra Chadchawan � Assist. Prof. Dr. Kanogwan Seraypheap � Assoc. Prof. Dr. Preeda Boon ‐ long � Assist. Prof. Dr. Rath Pichyangkura � H.M. the King’s 72nd Birthday Scholarship 20 10
22/07/54 Oral Presentation CRDC 5 LOGO Thank you for your attention 21 11
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