W eb P olicy T alk International Webinar Release of Impact and Policy Research Institute (IMPRI) in association with Centre for International Design and Planning (CIDP), University of Florida (UF), USA Zoom Webinar| May 27, 2020 | 18:00 IST (+5:30 GMT) Research Team: Balwant Singh Mehta, Arjun Kumar, Simi Mehta, Soumyadip Chattopadhyay, Indu Prakash Singh, Anshula Mehta and Ritika Gupta 1 www.impriindia.com
About the Study The impact of the novel coronavirus is unprecedented as more than 100 countries have instituted partial or full lockdown affecting more than a billion people at any given time. India, with 1.3 billion people, had the largest population under complete lockdown. The lockdown in India has been particularly difficult for CityMakers - the urban poor, especially those engaged in the unorganized sector and living in informal settlements. The purp purpose of of the Sur Survey was as to o und understand the impli licatio ions of of the loc ockdown on on the urba urban poor, in poor n terms s of of their living cond onditions, , ac access s to o basic basic fac acilitie ies and and go government assis assistance, , mental well ll-being, and and prep preparedness ss. 2 www.impriindia.com
Objectives of the Study To understand the impact of COVID-19 and the unprecedented lockdown on normal life and work of the CityMakers Access to Basic Amenities Immediate Health and Education Concerns Preparedness for the Prevention of Pandemic Work and Livelihood State of Mental Well-Being Coverage and Access to Government Support Programs/ Welfare Schemes 3 www.impriindia.com
Study Methodology and Design Dates Da s of of the Surv Survey Methodology May 7, 2020 to May 17, 2020 • Online training • Pilot survey • Telephonic Interviews in Neighbourhoods • Purposive/Snowballing Support • Placement Co-ordinators • Faculty Advisors • Local NGOs/Civil Society/Organisations • Community leaders, teachers, active citizenry • 70 Interviewers and 5 Coordinators Government Life After the About the Family: Life in the Time of Welfare Measures: Lockdown: Living Condition Corona and Linkages and Perception and and Wellbeing Lockdown Outreach Preparedness 4 www.impriindia.com
Coverage Number of Respondents = 3,121 50+ Cities in 20 Major States 34% responses from Mega Cities (Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata) Number of City/Metropolitan Region Respondents Delhi 742 Visakhapatnam Metropolitan Region 484 Pune Metropolitan Region 261 Kolkata Metropolitan Area 188 Mumbai Metropolitan Region 160 Ranchi 146 Other Cities Covered Ahmedabad Metropolitan Region Hyderabad Metropolitan Region Anantapur Indore Bhopal Jaipur Metropolitan Region Bhubaneswar Raipur Chennai Metropolitan Region Rohtak Gurugram Thrissur Gwalior … and many more 5 www.impriindia.com
Respondents’ Profile Age of the Respondents 50-59 years 4% Education Level of the Respondents 18-29 years 38% 13% 33% 27% 27% 30-49 years 58% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Illiterate Below Secondary Secondary & Senior Secondary Graduate & above Gender of Respondents Respondents’ Profile on the basis of Migration Female 42% 58% 40% Male 60% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Short/Long Term Migrant Non-Migrant 6 www.impriindia.com
Basic Amenities and Services Type of Locality 0% Source of Drinking Water 10% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 13% 15% 48% 20% 47% 30% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 40% Other Mobile Tanker 50% Public dug well/tank Bottle Purchase Own dug well/tank Public hand pump/tube well 23% 60% Public tap Tap in the house/piped water supply 70% Latrine/Toilet Use Type of Cooking Fuel Used Other 15% Other 80% Wood/Coal/ Open 1% 2% Cowdung defecation Community 7% 2% 90% toilet/public 12% toilet Kerosene 19% 2% 100% 5% Squatter Settlement Un-authorized Colony Non-notified Slum Within Any other premises Notified Slum or Colony LPG/PNG 77% 87% 7 www.impriindia.com
Basic Amenities and Services About 29% Respondents’ Rating of Aspects of the Residential Area (on a 5 -point scale) of the respondents to not to have Facility for Garbage Collection from the house. About 23% of the respondents reported to have uncovered drains while 7% of the respondents are deprived of the Drainage Facility . 8 www.impriindia.com
Access to Basic Necessities during the Lockdown Basic Amenities and Services Around 60% of the respondents reported an Inadequate Supply Reason(s) for Inadequate Supply, if any (during the lockdown) % Shortage/Lack of Cash 58 Supplies for hygiene or cleanliness Hike in Price (above MRP/usual price) 46 Lack of supply 41 Unable to access and procure 38 Digital payment options not active 8 Other 5 Basic Protective Gear Public transport for health emergency 9 www.impriindia.com
Basic Amenities and Services Social (N (No)-Distancing? – Crowding and Congestion Average Number of Type of Locality Persons per Room Non-notified Slum 3.8 Un-authorized colony 3.0 Squatter settlement 2.7 Any other 2.4 Notified Slum or Colony 2.3 Total 2.6 10 www.impriindia.com
Education Type of School or College presently attended by Children, if any 51% 36% 8% 5% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Government Private Both Other Problem(s) Faced in Children’s Education % No information from School/College 50 Lack of Device 42 Unable to understand through Online/Digital Learning 30 Others 13 11 www.impriindia.com
Health Availability of Health Care Facility 34% 26% 22% 15% 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Both Government and Private Private Government More than 2 kilometres away Don't know About 22% of the respondents visit healthcare facility when it becomes critical while 56% visit whenever needed and 22% sometimes or seldomly visit healthcare facility Source of Financing Healthcare Expenditure 68% 13% 8% 5% 3% 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Household income/savings Borrowing Contribution from friend/relative Have access to govt insurance scheme Others Have private insurance 12 www.impriindia.com
Preparedness for the Prevention of COVID-19 Pandemic Practice of Preventive Measures in the Locality Key Practices during the Lockdown 100% 90% 81% 75% 80% 69% 70% 60% 50% 40% 24% 30% 18% 15% 20% 8% 7% 4% 10% 0% Able to maintain personal Able to work from home Able to follow social hygiene distancing and other guidelines Yes Somewhat No Perception regarding maintenance of social Medium of Information on the Coronavirus % distancing in the neighbourhood after lockdown Television 74 Word of Mouth 59 Online News 37 47% 37% 16% Whatsapp 37 Social Media 29 Radio 18 Helpline 14 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Other 3 Yes No Maybe 13 www.impriindia.com
Work and Livelihood Em Employment St Status 43% 43% 27% 27% 20% 20% 10% 10% Casual l L Labou our Sala larie ied J Job Self lf E Emplo loyed Others Loss of Los of Job Job by y St Status of of Emp Emplo loyment Almost three-fourths (73%) 6 out of 10 (61%) Salaried J Job 38% 62% of respondents are engaged workers reported having in informal employment lost their job Self lf E Emplo loyed 67% 33% . [Low pay, no job security and without any Casual l Labour [Due to the lockdown] 74% 26% social security benefit] Yes No Sala Salarie ied Job Job Type ype 45% 45% 55% 55% Tempor orary/C /Contractual Permanent 14 www.impriindia.com
Work and Livelihood Livelihood after Lockdown is Lifted 68% 13% 19% Join the same work (prior to lockdown) Will look for employment Don't Know State e of Mind Main Reasons for Loss of Job Majority rity of respo ponde ndents nts plan n were reported to be Stress s due to loss of livelih ihood od to re resume me their ir jo job Closure of business/ (56%) 6%) construction work or or And not havin ing g enough gh money . lo look for r a ne new jo job & Being unable to visit the to pay workplace bills/ s/ren rent t (43%) Reasons of Loss of Job in the Lockdown 32% 18% 15% 12% 11% 12% Unable to visit the work location No trade/business activity Closure of factory/shop Closure of construction work Temporary/contract job Others 15 www.impriindia.com
Recommend
More recommend
