Information Visualization Crash Course (AKA Information Visualization 101) Chad Stolper, Georgia Tech chadstolper@gatech.edu 1
5 th Year Computer Science PhD Student 2
John Stasko, Interactive Computing Polo Chau, Computational Science and Engineering 3
What is Infovis? Why is it Important? Human Perception Chart Basics (If Time, Some Color Theory) The Shneiderman Mantra Where to Learn More 9
Questions Encouraged! 10
Questions Encouraged! 11
What is Information Visualization? 12
Information Visualization “The use of computer-supported, interactive, visual representations of abstract data to amplify cognition.” Card, Mackinlay, and Shneiderman 1999 13
Communication Exploratory Data Analysis 14
Communication 15
Communication Gone Wrong 16
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Space Shuttle Challenger January 28, 1986 18
Morning Temperature: 31 ° F 19
What happened? 20
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Rwcbsn19c0 23
How did this happen? 24
Morton Thiokol’s Presentation 25
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On the other hand… 40
http://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_shows_the_best_stats_you_ve_ever_seen.html 41
Exploratory Data Analysis 42
“There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics.” 43
Mystery Data Set 44
Mystery Data Set Property Value mean( x ) 9 variance ( x ) 11 mean( y ) 7.5 variance ( y ) 4.122 correlation ( x,y ) 0.816 Linear Regression Line y = 3 + 0.5x 45
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Anscombe’s Quartet https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe%27s_quartet 51
Anscombe’s Quartet Sanity Checking Models Outlier Detection 52
Anscombe’s Quartet Sanity Checking Models Outlier Detection 53
Anscombe’s Quartet Sanity Checking Models Outlier Detection 54
Anscombe’s Quartet Sanity Checking Models Outlier Detection 55
Human Perception 57
Name the five senses. 59
Sense Bandwidth (bits/sec) Sight 10,000,000 Touch 1,000,000 Hearing 100,000 Smell 100,000 Taste 1,000 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/287907/information-theory/214958/Physiology 60
A (Simple) Model of Human Visual Perception 61
A (Simple) Model of Human Perception Stage 1 Stage 2 Parallel Serial detection of processing of basic object features into identification an iconic and spatial store layout 62
Stage 1: Pre-Attentive Processing Rapid Parallel Automatic (Fleeting) 63
Stage 2: Serial Processing Relatively Slow (Incorporates Memory) Manual 64
Stage 1: Pre-Attentive Processing The eye moves every 200ms 65
Stage 1: Pre-Attentive Processing The eye moves every 200ms (so this processing occurs every 200ms-250ms) 66
Example 1281768756138976546984506985604982826762 9809858458224509856458945098450980943585 9091030209905959595772564675050678904567 8845789809821677654876364908560912949686 67
Example 1281768756138976546984506985604982826762 9809858458224509856458945098450980943585 9091030209905959595772564675050678904567 8845789809821677654876364908560912949686 68
A few more examples from Prof. Chris Healy at NC State 69
Left Side Right Side 70
Raise your hand if a RED DOT is present… 71
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Color (hue) is pre-attentively processed. 74
Raise your hand if a RED DOT is present… 75
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Shape is pre-attentively processed. 78
Determine if a RED DOT is present… 79
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Hue and shape together are NOT pre-attentively processed. 82
Pre-Attentive Processing • length • closure • stereoscopic depth • width • hue • 3-D depth • size • lightness cues • curvature • flicker • lighting • number • direction of direction motion • terminators • binocular • intersection lustre 83
Stephen Few “Now You See It” pg. 39 84
Pre-Attentive à Cognitive 85
Gestalt Psychology Berlin, Early 1900s 86
Gestalt Psychology Goal was to understand pattern perception Gestalt (German) = “seeing the whole picture all at once” Identified 8 “Laws of Grouping” http://study.com/academy/lesson/gestalt-psychology-definition-principles-quiz.html 87
Gestalt Psychology 1. Proximity 7. Good Gestalt 2. Similarity 8. Past Experience 3. Closure 4. Symmetry 5. Common Fate 6. Continuity 88
How many groups are there? 89
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Proximity 91
How many groups are there? 92
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Similarity 94
How many shapes are there? 95
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Closure 97
How many items are there? 98
[ ] { } [ ] 99
Symmetry [ ] { } [ ] 100
How many sets are there? 101
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Common Fate 103
How many objects are there? 104
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Continuity 106
How many objects are there? 107
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Good Gestalt 109
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