in Japanese - Class #5 Level 3 Student, teacher, senpai Phrases - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Getting Started in Japanese - 日本語 Class #5

Level 3 Student, teacher, senpai Phrases Okurigana Japanese names TBD Intro to Kanji “Ta” / “ Te ” verbs Months and years Kanji Advantages / based on your Disadvantages Adjective opposites Countries Katakana – Part II interests TBD Past tense People and Family Level 2 More places More about you Want, Like, Need Polite vs. Casual Katakana – Part I Ordering things Masu verbs Time and Days Homonyms This is, that is not Adjective negatives Car, Train, Road Hiragana – Part II What do you like Emphasis / Tone Noun negatives Numbers, Colors Level 1 Beware of Meaning School, Bank, Money Mini introduction Particles wa/wo/no Dakuten ( ゛ ) Handakuten ( ゜ ) Particles / Order Jyanken (game) Verbs I, II, III Food and Drink Why Hiragana What is this, where is it Adjective na/i Mandatory This, That, What, Where Hiragana – Part I This is mine, that is yours “ Gojyuon ” 4 Writing Systems Noun da/desu Me, You, Us Level 0 日本語 About Written Grammar Vocab Japanese Japanese

Today I will focus on: Level 1 Beware of Meaning School, Bank, Money Mini introduction Particles wa/wo/no Dakuten ( ゛ ) Handakuten ( ゜ ) Particles / Order Jyanken (game) Verbs I, II, III Food and Drink Why Hiragana is What is this, where is it Adjective na/i Mandatory This, That, What, Where Hiragana – Part I This is mine, that is yours “ Gojyuon ” 4 Writing Systems Noun da/desu Me, You, Us Level 0 日本語 About Written Grammar Vocab Japanese Japanese

Warm Up Exercise • Repeat after me one time • Introduce yourself to a classmate Hajime mashite. Nice to meet you. はじめまして。 Watashi-wa (your name) desu. I am White Rice Sensei. わたしは はくまい先生 です。 (nationality) desu. … am American. あめりかじん です。 (occupation) desu. … am office worker. かいしゃいん です。 (something) ga suki desu. … cats are liked. ねこ が すき です。 Yoroshiku onegai shimasu. よろしく おねがい します。 ”Looking forward to getting to know you.”

New Nouns yama umi 山 やま 海 うみ Sea / Ocean Mountain 海 山 kawa 川 かわ shima 島 しま Island River 島 川

New Nouns inu neko 犬 いぬ 猫 ねこ Cat Dog 猫 犬

Na-adjective Phrase – “I like this” Noun 1 wa Noun 2 ga Suki (da ・ desu) (optional) *Instead of saying “I like baseball” this phrase literally translates to “baseball is likeable (to me) ” Definition: N 1 likes N 2 N 2 is something N 1 enjoys Examples: I like cats. Baseball is something I enjoy.

4 Basic Parts of Speech Nouns – Person, Place, Thing, Idea, Pronouns Verbs – Action, State, Occurrence • Subject, object, location of sentence • The action or change from the sentence N V な Adjectives い Adjectives • Modify nouns • Modify nouns • If last in a sentence, end with da or desu • Easily becomes an adverb い く na A い

Present Tense Sentences – Informal “Dictionary” Noun: N 1 は N 2 だ。 やまださんはかいぐんだ。 yamada-san wa kaigun da. な -Adj: N 1 は na だ。 せんせい はげんきだ。 sensei wa genki da. にくは たかい。 い -Adj: N 1 は A い 。 niku wa takai. Verb: N 1 は N 2 を V る 。 かずはすしをたべる 。 Kazu wa sushi wo taberu.

Present Tense Sentences Noun: N 1 は N 2 だ。 Noun 1 “is” ( something ) な -Adj: N 1 は na だ。 Gives an “attribute” for a noun は is used for each of these い -Adj: N 1 は A い 。 There is NO VERB

Take a deep breath

Verb Phrase – “There is a …” There are two main “state of being” verbs: – sentient living things (creatures, not plants) – いる – used for everything else (natural or manmade) – ある

Verb Phrase – “There is a …” “There are …” Noun 1 ga いる Noun 1 ga ある Definition: There is a N 1 The easiest and hardest concept in Japanese. Works for plurals, too! Examples: There is cat. There are mountains.

Verb Phrase – “There is a …” – Practice

There is a … vs. Noun is ( something ) There is a cat. The cat is big. Neko wa ookii. Neko ga iru. ねこがいる。 ねこはおおきい。 Uses “is” to describe the noun This phrase uses “is” as a state of being Uses a verb (“ iru ” or “ aru ”) Grammatically, does not need a “verb” Uses the particle ga (in this case) Uses the particle wa (typically) Classified as a Verb Sentence Noun Sentence , na / い Adjective Sentence

Verb Review! What particle marks the object of a verb? - o / wo を What particle marks the target of a verb with movement? - ni に

Verb Review! What does the “ dictionary form ” of a word mean? It is the way the word appears in a dictionary It means verb is not conjugated (we look up go not went ) What hiragana column does every dictionary form of a verb end in? The u column

Verb Groups in Japanese - There are 3 groups of verbs Japanese - Unfortunately each group has many names - Differentiated by the stem or root Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 “ u ” verbs “ ru ” verbs Irregular verbs go-dan verbs ichi-dan verbs する - suru - to do くる - kuru - to come nom u tabe ru No stem

Verb Groups in Japanese My recommended approach to verbs : – Think “conjugate, conjugate, conjugate!” – how does the verb change? – Memorize group 3 , there are only 2 verbs in group 3 ! – If it ends in anything except ru , it’s a from group 1 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 “ u ” verbs “ ru ” verbs Irregular verbs go-dan verbs ichi-dan verbs する - suru - to do くる - kuru - to come

Group 1 Verbs Group 1 “ u ” verbs go-dan verbs Group 1 verbs: - always end in the "u" column of the hiragana chart in their dictionary "plain" form - conjugate by changing the final hiragana character to another hiragana in the same row only - Go-dan means that there are 5 possible endings (go means "five") - are the only verbs in that end in anything besides る in their dictionary "plain" form

Go! Go Bank I 行く に 銀行 は 私 ぎんこう いく ni wa watashi ginkou iku

Phrase of the Day ikura desu ka? ・ ______ arimasu ka? _______ あります いくら です か？ ・ か？ Common Translation: “How much is it?” “Do you have _____?” My thoughts: use this when at a store / convenience store Desu ka? Is a noun question / Arimasu ka? Is a verb question

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