Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet Purwiyatno Hariyadi **) *) Presented at “Whey Protein Health and Fitness Seminar”, Jakarta, 13 July, 2011 y , , y, **) Director of Southeast Asian Food & Agricultural Science & Technology (SEAFAST) Center, and Professor of Food Process Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet Start � Overview of protein intake in Indonesia/Southeast Asian region � Dietary recommendations on local protein requirement (including men vs. women) � Current protein intake levels; are people getting enough? � Sources and quality of protein � Opportunities for whey protein in the local diet and health context � Where can whey protein play a role? END � Advice on incorporating whey protein into the daily diet Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 1
The word “protein” Dr. Ponnusamy (2010 ), Rutgers U Derived from the Greek word proteios , p which means “of the first rank” Coined by Jon Berzelius (Swedish chemist) Coined by Jon Berzelius (Swedish chemist) discovered that an extract of potatoes is more effective than concentrated sulfuric acid in promoting the breakdown of starch Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Proteios � “ of the first rank ” Dr. Ponnusamy (2010 ), Rutgers U • No living tissue can be built without protein • Protein is part of every living cell • Proteins account for ~ 20% of body weight • Proteins come in many forms • Proteins perform many vital functions Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 2
Vital Functions of Protein Dr. Ponnusamy (2010 ), Rutgers U • Biological Processing Protein – Enzymes – over 2000 – catalyze reactions plays l – Hormones – regulate metabolic reactions Hormones regulate metabolic reactions – Immune functions - antibodies important (immunoglobulins) role • Transport and Storage – hemoglobin, myoglobin, lipoproteins • Structural for Mechanical Support Protein Intake – keratin, collagen, elastin in Indonesia/ – body structures include skin, hair, nails, b d t t i l d ki h i il Southeast membranes, muscles, teeth, bones, organs Asian region • Contractile (Muscle proteins) ? – myosin, actin, tubulin Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Dietary Protein Consumption (g/person/day) of selected ASEAN Countries (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-fs/fs-data/ess-fadata/en/) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 1990 ‐ 92 30 1995 ‐ 97 20 2000 ‐ 02 10 2005 ‐ 07 0 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 3
Dietary Animal Protein Consumption (g/person/day) of selected ASEAN Countries (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-fs/fs-data/ess-fadata/en/) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 1990 ‐ 92 30 1995 ‐ 97 20 10 2003 ‐ 05 0 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Prevalence of undernourishment *) in total population (percentage) of selected ASEAN Countries (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/ess-fs/fs-data/ess-fadata/en/) 50 45 1990 ‐ 1992 40 35 1995 ‐ 1997 30 30 2000 ‐ 2002 25 20 2005 ‐ 2007 15 10 5 *) Undernourishment refers to the condition of people whose dietary energy consumption is continuously below a minimum dietary energy requirement for maintaining a healthy life and carrying out a light physical activity with an acceptable minimum body-weight for attained- height. Brunei Darussalam & Malaysia : less than 5 % Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 4
Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet Start � Overview of protein intake in Indonesia/Southeast Asian region � Dietary recommendations on local protein requirement (including men vs. women) � Current protein intake levels; are people getting enough? � Sources and quality of protein � Opportunities for whey protein in the local diet and health context � Where can whey protein play a role? END � Advice on incorporating whey protein into the daily diet Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) for Protein = Recommended Protein Intakes • Dietary recommendations on local protein requirement (including men vs. women) requirement (including men vs women) – As a percentage of total calories: • Protein should provide 10 ‐ 35% of total calories – As an absolute number (grams per day). • A healthy adult should consume 0.8 gram per kilogram of desirable body weight per day b d h d – Calculation: » Weigh: 150 pounds = 68 Kg (150/2.2) » Grams protein: 68 x 0.8 = 54g protein Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 5
RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) Iro Vit. Folic Phos- Body Energy Protein Vit. A Thiamin Riflavin Niacin Vit.C Calcium n Zink Age Group Weight Height B12 Acid phor (Kcal ) (mg) ( RE) ( mg) (mg) ( mg) (mg) (mg) (m (mg) (ug) (ug) (mg) g) 0-6 mts 5.5 60 550 12 350 0.3 3 2.5 0.1 22 30 600 200 3 3 7-12 mts 8.5 71 650 15 350 0.4 0.4 3.8 0.1 32 35 400 250 5 5 1-3 yrs y 12 90 1000 23 350 0.5 0.6 5.4 0.5 40 40 500 250 8 10 4-6 yrs 18 110 1550 32 360 0.7 0.9 7.6 0.7 60 45 500 350 9 10 7-9 yrs 24 120 1800 37 406 0.7 0.9 8.1 0.9 81 45 500 400 10 10 Male 10-12 yrs 30 135 2050 45 450 0.8 1 8.6 1 90 50 700 500 14 15 13-15 yrs 45 150 2400 69 600 0.9 1.1 9.7 1 125 60 700 500 17 15 16-19 yrs 56 160 2500 66 600 1 1.2 10 1 165 60 600 500 23 15 20-59 yrs 62 165 Mild 2800 55 600 1 1.2 10.6 1 170 60 500 500 13 15 Medium 3000 55 600 1.1 1.4 11.9 1 170 60 500 500 13 15 Heavy 3600 55 600 1.3 1.6 14.3 1 170 60 500 500 13 15 60 yrs 62 165 2200 55 600 0.8 1 8.6 1 170 60 500 500 13 15 Female 10-12 yrs 35 140 1900 54 500 0.7 0.9 7.7 1 100 50 700 450 14 15 13-15 yrs 46 153 2100 62 500 0.8 1 8.4 1 130 60 700 450 19 15 16-19 16 19 yrs yrs 50 50 153 153 2000 2000 51 51 500 500 0.8 0 8 0 9 0.9 8.1 8 1 1 1 150 150 60 60 600 600 450 450 25 25 15 15 20-59 yrs 54 156 Mild 2050 48 500 0.9 1 8.4 1 150 60 500 450 26 15 Medium 2250 48 500 0.9 1 9.3 1 150 60 500 450 26 15 Heavy 2600 48 500 1 1.2 10.6 1 150 60 500 450 26 15 >60 yrs 54 154 1850 48 500 0.7 0.9 7.5 1 150 60 500 450 14 15 (+) pregnant 285 12 200 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.3 150 10 400 200 20 5 (+) breast feeding 0-6 mts 700 16 350 0.3 0.4 3.1 0.3 50 25 400 300 2 10 7-12 mts 500 12 300 0.3 0.3 2.2 0.3 40 10 400 200 2 10 13-24 mts 400 11 250 0.2 0.2 1.8 0.3 25 10 300 200 2 5 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) Body Energy Age Group Protein (mg) Weight (Kcal ) 0-6 months 5.5 560 12 7-12 months 8.5 800 15 1-3 years 12 1250 23 4-6 years 18 1750 32 7-9 years 24 1900 37 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 6
RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) Body Energy Age Group Protein (mg) Weight (Kcal ) Male 10-12 years 30 2000 45 13-15 years 45 2400 69 16-19 years 56 2500 66 20-59 years 62 Mild 2800 55 Medim 3000 55 Heavy Heavy 3600 3600 55 55 60 years 62 2200 55 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) Body Energy Age Group Protein (mg) Weight (Kcal ) Female 10-12 years 35 1900 54 13-15 years 46 2100 62 16-19 years 50 2000 51 20-59 years 54 Mild 2050 48 Medium 2250 48 Heavy 2600 48 >60 years 54 1850 48 EXTRA? EXTRA? (+) pregnant 285 12 (+) breast feeding 0-6 months 700 16 7-12 months 500 12 13-24 months 400 11 Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 7
RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) 100 day) 90 male male nergy (kcal/kg BW/d 80 female 70 60 50 40 30 E 20 10 0 0-5 mths 1-3 yrs 7-9 yrs 13-15 yrs 19-29 yrs 6-11 mths 4-6 yrs 10-12 yrs 16-18 yrs Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org RDA (AKG = Angka Kecukupan Gizi) Indonesia (Widya Karya Pangan & Gizi, 2004) 2.0 male 1.8 female 1 6 1.6 Protein (g/kg BW/day) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0 4 0.4 0.2 0.0 0-5 mths 1-3 yrs 4-6 yrs 7-9 yrs 10-12 yrs 13-15 yrs 19-29 yrs 6-11 mths 16-18 yrs 30-59 yrs Purwiyatno Hariyadi hariyadi@seafast.org Importance and Role of Protein in the Indonesian Daily Diet ‐‐ purwiyatno hariyadi 8
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