1 Dr Rebecca Lester, Infectious diseases, Specialist registrar 17 Victoria Maddox, Laboratory service, Senior health care scientist 2 Dr Damien Mack, Microbiology, Consultant 18 Nikki Williams, Infectious diseases, Ward sister 3 Dr Ruaridh Buchanan, Infectious diseases, Specialist registrar 19 Dr Sanjay Bhagani, Infectious diseases, Consultant 4 Dr Simon Warren, Infectious diseases, Consultant 20 Sarah Stanley, Patient at risk team, Nurse consultant 5 Oliver Carpenter, Infectious diseases, Nurse clinical practice educator 21 Dr Susan Hopkins, Infectious diseases and microbiology, Consultant 6 Breda Athanasopoulos, Infectious diseases, 22 Torrain Exall, Physiotherapy, Clinical lead critical care Senior matron lead high level isolation unit 23 Dr Stephen Mepham, Infectious diseases and microbiology, Consultant 7 Dr Tabitha Mahungu, Infectious diseases, Specialist registrar 24 Dr Michael Jacobs, Infectious diseases, Consultant 8 Susan Coath, Infectious diseases, Ward sister 25 Simon Rattenbury, Laboratory service, Head of laboratory service 9 Zenaida Pandio, Domestic services, Housekeeper 26 Bryan O’Farrell, Pharmacy, Senior Pharmacist 10 Claire Harawa, Domestic services, Domestic team leader 27 Adrien Cooper, Estates, Director of estates 11 Renato Pandio, Domestic services, Deep cleaner 28 Robert Elliot-Cooke, Pharmacy, Senior pharmacist 12 Sheila Connolly, Patient environment, Head of patient environment 29 Allan Harris, Estates, Engineering supervisor 13 Peter Williams, Facilities, Security manager 30 Sumal Kuranaratne, Facilities, Support services manager 14 Marchito Tumibay, Domestic services, Support worker 31 Dave Reavy, Facilities, Head of security and support services 15 Michael Campo, Facilities, Porter 32 Garba Ibrahim, Domestic services, Domestic team leader 16 Lauren Geddes, Physiotherapy, Clinical lead cardiorespiratory care 33 Stephen King, Royal Free Charity, Head of fi nance 45
“If you imagine all the functions a hospital has to have , not only the doctors and nurses and physiotherapists and pharmacists but estates management and food and facilities and laundry — they all have to be involved , and they all have to be specially trained to be safe to work in that environment. “ Dr Michael Jacobs - Consultant, infectious disease 46
Royal Free Hospital Capabilities lab domestic services services <other> <other> facilities physio infectious diseases estates fi nance pharmacy micro biology 47
Ebola treatment infectious diseases 48
cross-functional teams single purpose focussed entirely on ‘customer’ outcome 49
In our study at a large Australian Telco, we found that stories leaving a team cycled 12 times slower than those that stayed in the team. 50
This is true for Trauma teams in hospitals And Formula 1 teams And “reinforced battle groups” 51
A SOFTWARE EXISTENCE PROOF… 52
testing ops develop- ment architects PMO sales fi nance marketing HR 53
ops x-func teams organised around lines of business sales fi nance marketing HR 54
insurance company
insurance company
separate lines of business home motor life
separate lines of business home motor life and cross-cutting capabilities my account
cross-functional teams delivering lines of business
ops x-func teams organised around lines of business sales fi nance marketing HR 61
ops x-func teams organised around lines of business sales fi nance marketing HR 62
ops x-func teams organised around lines of business sales fi nance marketing HR 63
65
DEVOPS!!! 66
DEVOPS!!! Well, continuous delivery… 66
ops x-func teams organised around lines of business sales fi nance marketing HR 67
ops Continuous Delivery sales fi nance marketing HR 68
ops Continuous Delivery sales fi nance marketing HR 68
Continuous Delivery sales fi nance marketing HR 69
Continuous Delivery sales fi nance marketing HR 69
each of these capabilities can be tested and deployed independently home motor life and cross-cutting capabilities my account
CAN WE GO FURTHER?
Lines of business 72
Lines of business 72
Value streams 73
Value streams 73
teams 74
teams 74
each team owns one or more services
76
~10-20 76
~10-20 ~160-200 76
~10-20 ~160-200 multiples thereof 76
Thomas J. Allen, 1977 77
Probability of The e ff ect of distance on communication weekly interaction 0.30 0.25 x 0.20 x x 0.15 0.10 x x x xxxxxxxx x 0.05 x x x x x x 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 m 78
co-locate as much as possible take advantage of serendipitous conversations 79
HOW DOES THIS HELP WITH TESTING AND DEPLOYMENT?
The microservice stability onion 81
inter-line of business Low change rate High stability Semantic Versioning Contract Testing Tolerant Reader “Conversational change” 82
inter-value stream higher change rate lower stability Semantic Versioning Contract Testing Tolerant Reader “Conversational change” 83
inter-team higher change rate lower stability Semantic Versioning Contract Testing Tolerant Reader “Conversational change” 84
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