Homogenization Without Scattering of Laser Illumination Fergal Shevlin, Ph.D. DYOPTYKA, Ireland. Laser Display and Lighting Conference 2019 Yokohama, Japan. 2019-04-24 1 / 23
Diffusers scatter outside apertures Typical moving diffuser implementation to extend laser source size for intensity homogenization with light guide. 2 / 23
Diffusers scatter outside apertures Typical moving diffuser implementation to extend laser source size for intensity homogenization with light guide. “Efficient” refractive diffusers diffract at microlens apertures. 2 / 23
Diffusers scatter outside apertures Typical moving diffuser implementation to extend laser source size for intensity homogenization with light guide. “Efficient” refractive diffusers Intensity profile from 2 × “2 deg ” diffract at microlens apertures. diffusers outside 4 deg aperture. 2 / 23
➭ ➭ Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . 3 / 23
Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, λ = 50— 100 ➭ m , ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . A = 0.5— 10 ➭ m . 3 / 23
Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, λ = 50— 100 ➭ m , DM inactive. ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . A = 0.5— 10 ➭ m . 3 / 23
Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, λ = 50— 100 ➭ m , DM inactive. ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . A = 0.5— 10 ➭ m . DM surface acts as an extended source. 3 / 23
Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, λ = 50— 100 ➭ m , DM inactive. ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . A = 0.5— 10 ➭ m . DM surface acts as an 2— 5 deg “randomized extended source. divergence.” 3 / 23
Deformable Mirror does not scatter DM active, λ = 50— 100 ➭ m , DM inactive. ν = 50 kHz — 1 MHz . A = 0.5— 10 ➭ m . DM surface acts as an 2— 5 deg “randomized Intensity profile outside extended source. divergence.” 4 deg aperture. 3 / 23
Diffuser scattering versus DM divergence Thick tails due to scattering Thin tails due to randomized from diffusers. divergence from DM. 4 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Small DM projection display apparatus � Nichia LD, 520 nm, 1 W. � BK7 lightguide. � f=4 . 51 mm collimating lens. � f / 2 . 4 DLP projector lens. � Dyoptyka DM, 3 × 4 . 5 mm 2 . � Screen at 5 m for 180 × mag. � f=4 . 51 mm focusing lens. � Camera set-up to mimic eye. 5 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, DM inactive 6 × 4 . 8 × 60 mm 3 LG 6 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, DM active 6 × 4 . 8 × 60 mm 3 LG 7 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities 52.4% vs. 46.8%. 8 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively 52.4% vs. 46.8%. homogeneous intensity. 8 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively Speckle contrast ratios 52.4% vs. 46.8%. homogeneous intensity. 16.3% vs. 6.5%. 8 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively Speckle contrast ratios 52.4% vs. 46.8%. homogeneous intensity. 16.3% vs. 6.5%. � DM active : Intensity × 90%; SCR × 50% (approximately.) 8 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, DM inactive � 6 mm × 150 mm LG 9 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, DM active � 6 mm × 150 mm LG 10 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities 44.4% vs. 40.8%. 11 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively 44.4% vs. 40.8%. homogeneous intensity. 11 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively Speckle contrast ratios 44.4% vs. 40.8%. homogeneous intensity. 8.7% vs. 3.8%. 11 / 23
DM inactive versus active Mean intensities Regions of relatively Speckle contrast ratios 44.4% vs. 40.8%. homogeneous intensity. 8.7% vs. 3.8%. � DM active: Intensity × 90%; SCR × 50% (approximately.) 11 / 23
Lightguide exit face at 0 . 5 m, DM inactive 12 / 23
Lightguide exit face at 0 . 5 m, DM active: 3 deg 13 / 23
Lightguide exit face at 0 . 5 m, DM active: 5 deg 14 / 23
Moving diffuser implementation “ 2 deg ” diffuser at 10,000 rev./min. 15 / 23
Moving diffuser implementation “ 2 deg ” diffuser at LD homogenization and projection apparatus with 10,000 rev./min. one stationary and one moving “ 2 deg ” diffusers. 15 / 23
MD versus DM, low gain screen Mean intensities 30% vs. 47%. SCR 6% (LG length 50 mm .) � DM active : Intensity × 150%; SCR equal (approximately.) 16 / 23
MD versus DM, low gain screen Mean intensities 30% vs. 47%. SCR 6% (LG length 50 mm .) � DM active : Intensity × 150%; SCR equal (approximately.) 16 / 23
MD versus DM, high gain metallic 3-D cinema screen Mean intensities 43% vs. 65%. SCR 16% (LG length 50 mm .) � DM active : Intensity × 150%; SCR equal (approximately.) 17 / 23
MD versus DM, high gain metallic 3-D cinema screen Mean intensities 43% vs. 65%. SCR 16% (LG length 50 mm .) � DM active : Intensity × 150%; SCR equal (approximately.) 17 / 23
Multiple LDs, multiple small DMs Each small DM can have coating optimized for LD wavelength. 18 / 23
Multiple LDs, multiple small DMs Design of 7 × 4 . 5 × 3 mm 3 module Functional prototype with approx. with fully integrated electronics. 6 W damage threshold. 18 / 23
Multiple LDs, single large DM Large DM can have coating optimized for several wavelengths. 19 / 23
Multiple LDs, single large DM Design of 50 × 40 × 10 mm 3 module Functional R,G,B prototype with with fully integrated electronics. approx. 200 W damage threshold. 19 / 23
Large DM projection display apparatus. � Incident illumination � 25 mm on prototype large DM. � Focusing lenses � 30 mm, effective f ≈ 30 mm. � Lightguides 6 × 8 × 50 mm 3 and 6 × 8 × 150 mm 3 . 20 / 23
Large DM projection display apparatus. � Incident illumination � 25 mm on prototype large DM. � Focusing lenses � 30 mm, effective f ≈ 30 mm. � Lightguides 6 × 8 × 50 mm 3 and 6 × 8 × 150 mm 3 . 20 / 23
Large DM projection display apparatus. � Incident illumination � 25 mm on prototype large DM. � Focusing lenses � 30 mm, effective f ≈ 30 mm. � Lightguides 6 × 8 × 50 mm 3 and 6 × 8 × 150 mm 3 . 20 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, large DM DM inactive, LG length 50 mm . 21 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, large DM DM inactive, LG length 50 mm . DM active, LG length 50 mm . 21 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, large DM DM inactive, LG length 50 mm . DM active, LG length 50 mm . DM inactive, LG length 150 mm . 21 / 23
Projected image, 1 . 4 m diagonal, large DM DM inactive, LG length 50 mm . DM active, LG length 50 mm . DM inactive, LG length 150 mm . DM active, LG length 150 mm . 21 / 23
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