Historical Development Hull provides buoyancy that keeps ship - PDF document

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Module Description and Goals Hull Design • Hull design module gives students insight into types and various designs of hulls • It also talks abo t e ol tion of h ll • It also talks about evolution of hull • This module uses open-ended hands-on activities to teach basic principles in hull design Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Contents What is a Ship ? What are the Uses of a Ship? • Ship: Definition and Uses 05 min. • What is a Hull? 05 min. A ship is a large vessel that floats on water • Historical Development of Hull 15 min. • Hands-on Activity – 1: Build a Floating Container 20 min. A ship is a large, manned, self propelled vehicle that is A ship is a large manned self propelled ehicle that is • Different Hull Bottoms 10 min. used for transporting a payload on, over or under the • Hands-on Activity – 2: Build a Boat 45 min. ocean’s surface. • Hull Shape 10 min. • Hands-on Activity – 3: Test Different Hulls 30 min. Ships can be used for merchant, military or • Ship Resistance 30 min. entertainment purposes • Suggest a Hull Design 05 min. Total Time 3 hours Lean Institute - ODU 3 Lean Institute - ODU MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 What is a Hull ? Hull A Hull is the watertight body of a ship or boat. Historical Development • Hull provides buoyancy that keeps ship floating (Safety) of Hull • Hull provides space to carry cargo (Cargo Carrying) Lean Institute - ODU 5 Lean Institute - ODU 6 en.wiki.mcneel.com/.../RapidHllModeling.html 1

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Wood Log Raft • Simplest form of a • Next few slides have different watercraft watercrafts from different time periods • Simplest form of hull of history Cargo Carrying ?? Cargo Carrying ?? Mostly used to carry • Please identify hull of each watercraft simple cargo, human and discuss its characteristics related to beings 1. cargo carrying capacity Safety ?? • Unsafe 2. safety • Mostly used in rivers Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU 7 http://www.downtheroad.org/Asia/imagesNEW/China1/DSCg00041.JPG 8 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Dug Out Canoe Round Boat • Simple floating • Basic hull shape structure • Small size • Simple hull • Dug out from wooden log g Cargo Carrying ?? Cargo Carrying ?? Cargo Carrying ?? Mostly used to carry Mostly used to carry simple cargo, human simple cargo, human beings beings, vegetables, food Safety ?? Safety ?? Unsafe, mostly used in Safe in rivers, big ponds vinayakdasphotography.com rivers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugout_canoe Lean Institute - ODU 9 Lean Institute - ODU 10 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Viking Ship • Wider hull provided Sail Ship • Faster with well strength beneath the shaped hulls waterline • Roman, Spanish and • Less likely to tip or bring French sail-ships had in water well designed hulls g • Waterproofed with moss W f d i h Cargo Carrying ?? drenched in tar. Mostly used for Cargo Carrying ?? expeditions, could carry Mostly used as a military any type of cargo and supply vessel Safety ?? Safety ?? Safest known design in Relatively safe in seas 17 th Century because of wide hull www.jwoolfden.com/jpg/USCGC_Eagle_under_sail.jpg Lean Institute - ODU 11 Lean Institute - ODU 12 http://www.theplatelady.com/ 2

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Steam Ships Motorized Ships • Best design to sustain • Bigger, wider hull harsh conditions • Steam power • Extended life because increased carrying of new materials capacity and thus • Increased carrying y g hull size capacity Cargo Carrying ?? Cargo Carrying ?? Could carry any cargo, Can carry any type of proved important in cargo military operations Safety ?? Safety ?? Safe, controlled designs Safest known design of modern times http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia http://www.maritime-connector.com/Administration Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU 13 14 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Hands-on Activity- 1 You are given Build a Floating Container Craft Sticks Pebbles Play-Doh Build a container that can hold all the pebbles and is stable in unstable water Just now you have designed crudest form of hull... Now let us shape it Lean Institute - ODU 15 Lean Institute - ODU 16 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Did You Build Something Like This? What is the use of sticks in this structure? • How many sticks did you use? • How many pebbles did your hull hold? 5 Minutes Lean Institute - ODU 17 Lean Institute - ODU 3

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Different Hull Bottoms Different Hull Bottoms We will look into different types of hull bottom and bow designs • Simplest and least expensive to build Every hull has a bottom built to one of three basic shapes or combination of them: Flat, V or Round combination of them: Flat V or Round • Restricted to sheltered waters R t i t d t h lt d t like lakes, ponds • Unstable in seas, oceans therefore can be used for Flat Bottom Hull tugs, barges etc, but not for ocean going vessels Flat Bottom Hull Round Bottom Hull “V” Shape Hull Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU 19 20 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Different Hull Bottoms Different Hull Bottoms • Cuts water very fast • Round bottom hulls have • Stable in rough waters maximum carrying space • Can be used for wide range • Stable in rough waters of vessels (from speedboats to ocean going vessels) • Most difficult to build using materials like steel and hence “V” Shape Hull Round Bottom Hull Because of its suitability at are costly high speeds, used in military ships; like destroyers Lean Institute - ODU 21 Lean Institute - ODU 22 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Hands-on Activity - 2 Build A Boat Build a Boat • You are given few K’Nex parts and Aluminum foil • Build a hull shape that can hold maximum pebbles • Use K’Nex parts to build structure Use Ne pa ts to bu d st uctu e • Use aluminum foil to make skin Important Implement the things you learned in Play-Doh – Stick design Lean Institute - ODU 23 Lean Institute - ODU 24 4

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Were you able to Observe the shape of build a structure like this structure from this? the front side Does it look like V What is the role of blue members in this structure? Please keep this shape in mind Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU 25 26 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Observations • How many pebbles could your boat hold? • Did your boat easily float? • Did you observe any differences in your Play- Doh- Stick and K’Nex Boats? 5 Minutes Lean Institute - ODU 27 Lean Institute - ODU MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Now let us think about the shape of the hull Hull Shape Why did designers select this ? And not this shape ? Lean Institute - ODU 29 Lean Institute - ODU 30 5

MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Hands-on Activity - 3 Test 3 Types of Bow – Hull Designs and determine which one covers the distance in minimum time? Lean Institute - ODU Lean Institute - ODU 31 31 32 32 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Instructions Observations STEP 1: Fill channel with water • What did you find out? STEP 2: Put triangular hull – ship with new set of batteries in the channel • Which hull covered the distance in minimum time? Which hull covered the distance in minimum time? STEP 3: Start the motor and start the stopwatch STEP 4: Measure and record time required to cover the • Why ? distance by the ship (Take three readings) STEP 5: Repeat steps 1-4 for other two hulls with fresh • Discuss the results batteries Lean Institute - ODU 33 33 Lean Institute - ODU 34 34 MarineTech MarineTech 2009-2011 2009-2011 Hull Shape Contd. But where did the original designers get this idea from? Less Resistance fish.dnr.cornell.edu http://courses.washington.edu/ More Resistance www.epa.qld.gov.au/.../grey_nurse_shark.jpg https:/.../Great+Transformations+BJW Lean Institute - ODU 35 Lean Institute - ODU 36 6