Good Practice Climate Change Preparing the Historic Environment to - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Good Practice Climate Change Preparing the Historic Environment to Meet the Challenges of Climate Change This presentation forms a part of the CHARTS project Web based toolkit on Good Practice title and accompanied by Guide, Brochure and DVD video clip. It is developed with co-funding support from European Regional Development Fund and made possible by the INTERREG IVC programme 2007-2013.

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Climate Change the Context: The UNWTO Davos Declaration • Climate is a key resource for tourism & the sector is sensitive to the impacts of climate change • Tourism is estimated to contribute 5% of global CO2 emissions • Need to encourage sustainable tourism which reflects a quadruple bottom line of environmental, social, economic & climate responsiveness 1

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Climate Change the Context: The UNWTO Davos Declaration • Tourism sector must rapidly respond to climate change through action to: - Mitigate its GHG emissions. - Adapt tourism businesses and destinations to changing climate conditions. - Apply existing & new technology to improve energy efficiency. - Secure financial resources to help poor regions. 2

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability The Welsh Context • UKCP09 projecting warmer drier summers and warmer wetter winters • For the 2020s temperature rises are likely to be less than 2 degrees C increasing to 3.4 to 6.8 degrees C by 2050s • Medium term predicting increase in optimum tourism activity days, coupled with increased cost of air travel will grow appeal of Wales • Negative impacts from increased winter rainfall, flooding & transport infrastructure problems 3

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Climate Change – The Evidence • Weather patterns uncertain • Summer 2012 - wettest UK summer since 1912 • Difficulty for tourism businesses • Extreme weather conditions – effecting buildings • Energy efficient buildings part of the solution 4

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability The Welsh Context • Tourism makes a significant contribution to GHG emissions principally through the use of transport • Destinations & tourism industry needs to undertake mitigation & adaptation measures • Need for better advice & information for tourism stakeholders • Effective destination management has a key role to play 5

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Impact of Climate Change on the Historic Environment in Wales The following organisations were commissioned by the Historic Environment Group, which is led by Cadw, to undertake the study: • Countryside and Community Research Institute • Dyfed Archaeological Trust • Centre for Environmental Change and Quaternary Research 6

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Direct Outcomes of Change • Rise in sea levels • Frequent high winds/storms • More flooding events • Drying out, desiccation and erosion of wetlands • Drying and shrinking of clay soils • Longer growing season • Stress on some trees and plants • Migration of pests and diseases into Britain 7

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Impact of Climate Change on the Historic Environment in Wales: 12 Classes of Historic Asset • Historic landscapes • Historic parks and gardens • All historic buildings • Peat, peaty soils and blanket bog • Archaeological sites in an upland environment excluding peat bogs • Historic assets below the 1.0m contour 8

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Impact of Climate Change on the Historic Environment in Wales: 12 Classes of Historic Asset • Historic assets on floodplains and valley bottoms • Historic assets on the foreshore • Historic assets on the coast edge, excluding those below the 1.0m contour • Historic assets in sand dunes • Archaeological sites on farmland • Forestry and woodland 9

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Severity and Extent Climate change impacts and extent Number of assets in a class likely to be affected by particular change 1 5 Limited Extensive (Many but few affected) (Many and all affected) Severity of climate change impacts on assets -3 +3 Large Moderate Small Neutral Small Moderate Large (Severe damage/destruction (Beneficial/improving) 10

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Impact on Historic Assets Sensitivity of historic assets to change 1 2 3 4 5 Not sensitive Slightly sensitive Moderately sensitive Highly sensitive (Possible to (Once lost/irreplaceable) conserve/repair) Extent -75 High negative Moderate x Overall Small Significance = Severity = 0 Neutral Small Of impact X Moderate Sensitivity +75 High positive 11

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Summary Risk Assessment • All predicted climate changes have potential to have some effect • More frequent extreme weather: impact on all categories (< submerged) • Sea level rise: widespread impact on historic landscapes, archaeological remains <1.0m, valley bottoms, flood plains, foreshore • Asset most potential to be impacted is historic landscapes • Drying and shrinking clays: lowest potential impact a affecting those historic buildings clay soils • Wide range changes impact upon historic parks and gardens & historic buildings 12

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Summary Risk Assessment High Risk Moderate Risk • Floodplains, valleys (flooding) Large number cumulatively • Assets (set level) = high significance • Peats (drying) 13

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Overall Risk Matrix 14

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Implementation Framework • Already activity e.g. Cadw’s grant aid programme to 4 Welsh Archaeological Trust - Recording and surveying sites at risk (conservation not possible) - Rescue threatened archaeology – salvage excavations • Arfordir: community based initiative to identify and record archaeological sites around the Welsh coast 15

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Implementation Framework • Recognition that can’t “save” everything • Direct, indirect, mitigation, adaptation • A strategic approach to inform difficult future decisions • Evidence and information transferable • Dissemination of information to variety audiences e.g. heritage tourism 16

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Mitigation & Adaption Measures Historic Buildings What is the most energy efficient building? Pre 1900 – most energy efficient – per sq. meter 1 1990 ’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient 2 - 8% less efficient than pre 1900 1970 ’s to 80’s – 20% less efficient than pre 1900 3 4 1900 to 1930 - 25% less efficient than pre 1900 1960 ’s - 35% less efficient than pre 1900 5 1940 ’s and 50’s - 45% less efficient - worst. 6 17

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Understanding Performance What is the most energy efficient building? Cardiff’s new central library Cardiff’s Canton library ‘BREEAM excellent’ Pre 1900 18

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability The Problem Modern Traditional These buildings are different, they perform differently. But this is not understood by the majority… 19

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability The Problem Treated the same – Difference between modern & traditional is not understood. When it should be different Wrong knowledge & expertise – based on new construction. Treated differently – When it should be the same 20

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability 3 David Street, Cwmdare, South Wales • Tests & analysis • Understanding performance • Inputting into the pool of expertise being developed • Cadw influencing Welsh Government • Housing (ARBED) & Regeneration • Guidance – Cadw & mainstream partners • Training – crafts & professions 21

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability National Trust Approach to Preparing for Climate Change 22

CHARTS Culture and Heritage Added Value to Regional Policies for Tourism Sustainability Energy Costs 2011-20 23