GEOBS : TOWARD AN OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE OF THE 65 FRENCH SDI S M ATTHIEU N OUCHER (CNRS – UMR ADESS) F RANÇOISE G OURMELON (CNRS – UMR LETG) J ADE G EORIS -C REUSEVEAU (CNRS - UMR ADESS) Financial parterns : Region Aquitaine, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux Montaigne
1. Context 2. Goals and scientific positioning 3. Research questions 4. Observatory prototype 5. Preliminary results 6. Outlook and conclusion
International context: democratization of geographical information 1980 1970 1990 2000 2007 GIS GIS SDIs VGI Standalone ICT Network Web
International context: multiplication of stakeholders
French context: numerous SDIs (multi-level and multi-thematic) 52 France 19 Poland 17 Italy 6 Spain 5 Portugal 3 Czech Republic 3 Croatia 2 United Kingdom 2 Turkey 2 Slovenia 2 Netherlands 2 Germany 2 Finland 2 Bulgaria 2 Belgium 1 Republic of Macedonia 1 Ireland 1 Albania Number of subnational SDIs identified in 2009 and 2011 EUROGI/eSDI-net project (EUROGI, 2014)
French context: complexity of the Open data informational restructuring January 2017 65 operational SDIs
Context: SDI assessment INSPIRE Directive : Monitoring follows a quantitative approach every year List of spatial data sets and services Indicators to evaluate the Conformity and the Accessibility of metadata and data sets Even if Reporting covers more qualitative aspects (every 3 years), almost no analysis of data use and relevance
GEOBS: Goals and scientific positioning Goals : Understand new ways to produce and manage environmental knowledge by analysing the (re)positioning of public authorities in the environmental sector SDIs : As a research object As sociotechnical systems (Akrich, 1993) better understanding of the flows and the governance of environmental information
GEOBS: research questions Question 1: How SDIs influence the ways the environment is represented Question 2: How SDIs help to manage geographical information flows Question 3: How SDIs facilitate the ways geographical information are used and appropriated by public bodies
GEOBS : Observatory prototype of the 65 French SDIs based on 3 axis February 2015 2015 2016 2017 Content OBSERVATORY Analysis P ROTOTYPE Strategy Analysis Use Analysis
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) Geocatalogs Corpus of metada Analysis [geonetwork] [fichiers XML] [CSV et GeoJSON] SDIs PIGMA , PEGASE , GeoLimousin Python Graphics http://www.pigma.org Scraping What ? Query Who? Where ? When ? by Python by XQuery http://www.pegase- Maps poitou-charentes.fr Python 504 966 3134 PostGIS QGIS http://www.geolimousin.fr
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) GÉOLIMOUSIN PEGASE PIGMA PEGASE PIGMA GEOLIMOUSIN COLLECTIVITES TERRITORIALES ASSOCIATION ETAT ETABLISSEMENTS PUBLICS Enseignement Services ONG Organismes Collectivités Sociétés Governmental Territorial Private NGO Research Public d e l’État bodies authorities companies Associations recherche organizations bodies privées Associations publics territoriales Who?
100 120 Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 20 40 60 80 0 Referentiels de coordonnees Systemes de maillage geographique Denominations geographiques Unites administratives Adresses PIGMA Parcelles cadastrales Reseaux de transport Hydrographie PEGASE Sites proteges Altitude Occupation des terres Ortho_imagerie GéoLimousin Geologie Unites statistiques Batiments Sols Usage des sols Sante et securite des personnes Services d_utilite publique et services… Installations de suivi environnemental Lieux de production et sites industriels Installations agricoles et aquacoles Repartition de la population_demographie Zones de gestion, de restriction ou de… Zones a risque naturel Conditions atmospheriques Caracteristiques geographiques… Caracteristiques geographiques… Regions maritimes Regions biogeographiques Habitats et biotopes What? Repartition des especes Sources d_energie Ressources minerales
100 120 Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 20 40 60 80 0 Referentiels de coordonnees Systemes de maillage geographique Denominations geographiques Unites administratives Adresses PIGMA Parcelles cadastrales Reseaux de transport Hydrographie PEGASE Sites proteges Altitude Occupation des terres Ortho_imagerie GéoLimousin Geologie Unites statistiques Batiments Sols Usage des sols Sante et securite des personnes Services d_utilite publique et services… Installations de suivi environnemental Lieux de production et sites industriels Installations agricoles et aquacoles Repartition de la population_demographie Zones de gestion, de restriction ou de… Zones a risque naturel Conditions atmospheriques Caracteristiques geographiques… Caracteristiques geographiques… Regions maritimes Regions biogeographiques Habitats et biotopes What? Repartition des especes Sources d_energie Ressources minerales
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 63.3 64.7 58.7 60.5 10.7 57.6 58.1 9.6 55.6 54.1 7.0 21.2 6.2 6.7 2.2 1.2 5.0 0.3 0.6 3.6 0.13 LIMOUSIN : GÉOLIMOUSIN POITOU-CHARENTES : PÉGASE AQUITAINE : PIGMA N = 966 N = 504 N = 3134 Where?
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 63.3 64.7 58.7 60.5 10.7 57.6 58.1 9.6 55.6 54.1 7.0 21.2 6.2 6.7 2.2 1.2 5.0 0.3 0.6 3.6 0.13 LIMOUSIN : GÉOLIMOUSIN POITOU-CHARENTES : PÉGASE AQUITAINE : PIGMA N = 966 N = 504 N = 3134
Preliminary results: Content analysis (Axis 1) 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 500 0 mars-10 mai-10 March 2010 - March 2015 juil.-10 sept.-10 nov.-10 janv.-11 mars-11 mai-11 GEOLIMOUSIN juil.-11 sept.-11 nov.-11 janv.-12 mars-12 mai-12 PEGASE juil.-12 sept.-12 nov.-12 PIGMA janv.-13 mars-13 mai-13 juil.-13 SIGORE sept.-13 nov.-13 janv.-14 mars-14 mai-14 juil.-14 sept.-14 nov.-14 janv.-15 Evolution mars-15
1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 500 Quand ? Quelle temporalité de montée en charge ? 0 mars-10 mai-10 juil.-10 OCA sept.-10 Changes in personnel Geocatalogue harvesting INSPIRE monitoring nov.-10 janv.-11 mars-11 mai-11 juil.-11 sept.-11 BxM nov.-11 GEOLIMOUSIN janv.-12 mars-12 ADELIE mai-12 juil.-12 sept.-12 PEGASE nov.-12 janv.-13 mars-13 PIGMA mai-13 juil.-13 sept.-13 nov.-13 janv.-14 mars-14 mai-14 juil.-14 sept.-14 nov.-14 janv.-15 mars-15
Outlook: Strategy analysis (axis 2) Octobre July 2014 2018 2015 2016 2017 Content OBSERVATORY Analysis P ROTOTYPE Strategy Analysis Use Analysis Data collection: Web site analysis & Interviews with SDI administrators about : SDIs goals, policy, vision Data Analysis: matrix analysis Rebai et al. (2013)
Outlook: Use analysis (axis 3) Octobre July 2014 2018 2015 2016 2017 Content OBSERVATORY Analysis P ROTOTYPE Strategy Analysis Use Analysis Data collection: online survey and Interviews with SDI users about : usefulness, effective use, information Effectiveness, etc. Data Analysis: Integrated methodology that combines, among others, statistical and social network analysis Georis-Creuseveau et al. (2014)
Conclusion Observatory prototype bring greater visibility to institutional geographical information Integrating content, strategic and use-based approaches flows of geographical information into perspective Monitoring the changes in SDIs evolution Bring some answers concerning the new stakes of environmental governance
T HANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION GÉOBS: TOWARD AN OBSERVATORY PROTOTYPE OF THE 65 FRENCH SDI S http://www-iuem.univ-brest.fr/pops/projects/geobs Matthieu Noucher & Françoise Gourmelon Xavier Amelot Julie Pierson Marina Duféal Bruno Pinaud Amarilis Dorta Nathalie Pinède Pierre Gautreau Oliver Pissoat Jade Georis-Creuseveau Ines Priat Antoine Laumond Mathias Rouan Adeline Maulpoix Karel Soumagnac-Colin Guy Melançon
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