Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech University of Liege ML Fau auconnie ier Karlsurhe 17/0 17/01/2019
Faculty Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Four masters in in Bio io-engineering - Environmental sciences - Forest and natural spaces - Agronomy - Chemistry and bio-industries 1000 students (from 40 countries)
Research center TERRA 11 11 axis is 7 7 technical pla latforms 32 320 0 Ph D D stu tudents
Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules Ext xtractio ion, puri rifi ficatio ion and characteriz izatio ion of f pla lant se secondary ry metaboli lites for r appli licatio ions in in agronomy or r food in industrie ies
Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules Prof. . ML Fauconnie ier 3 post-docs 20 Ph D students 4 4 technic icia ians
Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules Ess ssentia ial l oil ils Other VOCs Oxy xyli lipin ins Oth ther se secondary ry metaboli lites
1. Essential oils Oi Oilp lprotect Proje oject Ecoe oextractio ion of of Api Apiaceae see eed EOs Os EOs for Protection of cereals against insects Iness Bettaieb post-doc Tierry Kenne and Saskia Sergeant Coll. Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria (Tunisia) Coll. UCL- private companies Tree Inj njectio ion Proj oject HERBIOIL HER L pr proj oject EOs for Protection of trees against insects Eos as herbicides study of the action mechanisms Pierre-Yves Werrie Ph D student LBMI + CGO + CA Coll. UCL- private companies EOs Os pr prod oductio ion in n Sen Senegal EOH OHUB pr proj oject Two senegale Ph D students Erasmus + Knowledge alliance Founded by WBI Coll. different countries EOs Os slow w rele elease for or bi biop opestic icid ide de develo lop. Collaboration with different universities in Morocco, Tunisia, Use of new polymers for encapsulation Algeria , … Chloé Maes Ph D student Coll. Reims University
2. Other VOCs Voc ocactio ion pr proj oject VOC OCs as as ma markers for or mycotoxin in con ontamin inatio ion (Agr Agros osensor VOCs as antifungal angents in plant protection proj pr oject) Caroline Declercq post-doc Develop. of molecular inprinted polymer sensors Founded by FNRS leader: phytopathology lab Laurie Josselin PhD student- Guo Xiaodong PhD student CAAS Coll. Umons-Materia Nova- U Gent- private companies VOC OCs and and foo ood pr proc ocess - Marinated pork Han Dong PhD student CAAS - Peanut oil LT Hu Hui PhD student CAAS - Fruits/vegetables Wu Xinye PhD student CAAS VOC OCS as as ma marker of of abi abiotic ic pl plant str tress (So Solindic ic pr proj oject) ) Bas Bastien Dur Durenne Ph D student Fla Flavor pr profili ofiling , , ar aroma form ormulation collaboration with Coll. CRAW different companies (Firmenich , Orval, …) VOC OCS in n tr tradit itio ional fer ermented pr prod oducts VOC OCs in n bi biolog ologic ical com ommunic icatio ions Plant-plant, Plant-insect , plant-fungi Different coll. inside and outside ULg
3. Oxylipins Es Esterif ifie ied oxyl ylip ipin ins : : role oles in n pl plants (ar arabid idop opsid ide pr proj oject) - Total synthesis (41 steps !) Firmin Obonou Akong post-doc Coll. UNamur - Extraction, dev. Analytical methods, localization, structure-function Fatty ac acid hydrop operoxid xides ne new w el elicitor/biopesticide relationship Strucure – function relationship Manon Genva PhD student Estelle Deboever PhD student Co-promotion LBMI Co-promotion LBMI
4. Other plant secondary metabolites Fabaceae roo oot exudates to to improve soi soil Sec Secondary metabolites fr from om afr fric ican pla plants s for or cos osmetic/medicin inal ap applic ications po pollu llution bi bioremedatio ion Marie Davin PhD student - Matthew Saive : valorization of Mahoran flora Ph D student - Fatimata Nea : valorization of endemic plants from Ivory Co-promotion with soil dep Cost, PhD student - Evelyne Tanoh : valorization of endemic plants from Ivory Cost, PhD student - Liu Jiang : valorization of secondary metabolites from sweet potatoes, Ph D student CAAS Allelo Al lopathy: stru tructure-functio ion rela elatio ionship ip Simon Lebeque PhD Student Leader LBMI
Analytical platform Vola olatolomics Non on vola olatile le - SAFE (Solvent assisted flavor extraction) 4 HPLC (DAD, RI, ELSD, fluo) - Supercritical CO2 extraction 1 prep HPLC (DAD, RI, ELSD, fluo) - Pilot distillation 1 LC-MS - 3 GC-FID 1 IR, 1 UV-vis - 3 GC-MS including the following injection modes - Liquid injection - SPME - Static Headspace - Dynamic headspace - MVM (multivolatile method) - DHS-TDU - Twister
University of Liege (Ulg) – Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces (LBMI) Main research topics LBMI Study of the structure-function relationships of biomolecules Co-Head DELEU Magali Head LINS Laurence Design of new active molecules l.lins@ulg.ac.be magali.deleu@ulg.ac.be +32 81 62 25 21 +32 81 62 26 38 Molecular understanding and description of mechanisms involved in http://www.gembloux.ulg.ac.be/biophysique-moleculaire-aux-interfaces/ biological phenomena related to interactions with biological membranes The team Perception of biomolecules by cellular membranes 2 permanents (FNRS) Molecular organization within a membrane Non permanent researchers: - 1 post-doc - 7 PhD students Technicians: - 0.25 FTE lab technician Biomolecule - 0.1 FTE secretary Membrane characte- organization rization Lipid Main equipement specificity Langmuir film balance Interaction potential Isothermal titration calorimetry with membranes IR spectroscopy Fluorescence spectroscopy Integrative strategy with complementary in vitro and in silico biophysical Circular dichroism approaches Computer plateform (Linux station bi-xeon quad core) Human health Plant protection
Biological membranes Biological membrane = Bilayer with a complex composition and organization Molecular recognition, Signal transduction, Enzymatic catalysis, Cellular adhesion, Membrane fusion First contact point between molecule and cell Biomolecule/membrane interaction: a key event for the biomolecule to be active Plant Plasma Membrane 14 Gronnier et al. , Trends Plant Sci., 23 , 10 (2018)
Lipid membrane models Working on the lipid part = No proteins ! Lipid monolayer A Liposome C B Supported lipid bilayer 15
Key intermediate Bioremediation oxylipins Elicitors BestBioSurf Neamine C2 domains and MCTPs derivatives at plasmodesmata Antibiotics Luzuriaga-Loaiza et al. , Sci. Reports , Deleu et al. , Colloids .Surf. B , 175 8, 8534 (2018) (2019) Plant membrane Sautrey et al. , JBC , 291, 13864-13874, contact sites (2016 ) Ghrelin Brault et al. EMBO J , submitted Interaction with lipid membranes Structure-function relationships Drug delivery Hordenine Allelopathy Salade et al. , Int.J.Nanomedecine , 12, 8531, (2017 ) Gramine Plant toxin Plant protein Tolerance O O Lebecque et al. , Sci. Reports, 8, 9784 (2018) anchor into PM Microbial NLP H cytolysin A. O O O Surfactants O OH Frondoside A OSO 3 Na O B. O OH O HO O O O O OH OH HO OH Remorin O OH OH OH OH Sugar esters Claereboudt et al. , Sci. Reports, 8, 10845 (2018) Lenarcic et al. , Science, 358, 1431, (2017 ) Meline et al. , Enz. Microb. Gronnier et al. , eLife, 6:e26404 (2017 ) Technol. ,112,14(2018 )
R R e e l l a a t t i i o o n n s s h h i i p p b b e e t t w w e e e e n n f f a a t t t t y y a a c c i i d d h h y y d d r r o o p p e e r r o o x x i i d d e e s s a a n n d d t h e i r b b i i o o l l o o g g i i c c a a l l acti v i t i e s as as pote n t i a l biop e s t i c i d e s D EBOEVER Estelle PhD Student
About the context Polyunsaturated C18 fatty acids ½ O 2 2 O 2 • (A)biotic stresses >< plants Pathogen-induced- • Complex environmental conditions O 2 oxygenase (PIOX) Cytochromes P450 • Adaptation strategies α -Hydroperoxides Hydroxides Lipoxygenase Aldehydes The LOX pathway • Hydroperoxides Emerging pathway in plant defence Hydroperoxides HPL • Oxylipins DES AOS • Free fatty acids HPO … LOX Aldehydes Divinyl Cyclized Oxo-acids ethers compounds Hydroxides Epoxides Epoxy • HPOs in the literature alcohols 18
Objectives The goal of my PhD project is to answer 3 main scientific questions: • In planta, are 13-HPO antimicrobial agents ? Are-they sufficiently powerful to eliminate totally a pathogen when applied exogenously ? • When applied exogenously, are 13-HPO acting as elicitors ? • How interactions between 13-HPO and plasma membranes (plants or pathogens) can explain those mechanisms of action ? 19
Multidisciplinary strategy Bio-assays Use of a multidisciplinary but complementary approach Bioinformatic and Biophysic tools - Langmuir through - Isothermal titration calorimetry - Neutron reflectometry - SAXS/WAXS - Cryo-TEM - Etc. Complementarity Time (min) Time (min) HPOT HPOD Heat flow (µcal/sec) Heat flow (µcal/sec) An example of raw data obtained for the partitioning of HPO in POPE/POPG/CL liposomes 20
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