Form on the Air Temperature Based on Mobile Measurement: a Case - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Research on the Influence of Block Function and Form on the Air Temperature Based on Mobile Measurement: a Case Study in Wuhan By: Xu Huahua Email: 1049864796@qq.com

CONTENTS 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results and discussion 4 Conclusions 2

Introduction Table 01: Research topics, tools of different scales in urban climate Scale Area Topics Tools urban climate map, urban heat island, transformation and ≥500 km 2 urban WRF/MM5 + CMAQ chemistry of urban pollution the influence of urban morphology and land use on the 10-100 km 2 regional GIS + RS thermal and wind environment, anthropogenic heat the influence of building height, building ≤1 km 2 block area density, frontal area index, height-to-width ratio, CFD SVF, on the thermal environment 1000 m 2 building heat emission of a single building CFD, wind tunnel In recent years, urban climate change has received more and more attention. The research on the urban climate are mostly fource on those topics, and the study subjects are from a single building to a entire city. The study methods include numerical simulation, wind tunnel, remote sensing, field measurement. In this paper, we research the influence of the form and function of different blocks on the air temperature in the downtown area of Wuhan. 3

Methods Z-03 Z-02 Z-04 Z-01 Fixed point Z-05 This photo comes from Hiroki YOKOYAMA, etc, Study of Mobile Measurement for Detailed Temperature Distribution in a High-Density Urban Area in Tokyo2016 We selected five blocks(Z-01~Z-05) in Wuhan, including business zone, industry zone and residential zone. The measurement started at July 23 and end at July 30 in 2016, each day we measure the air temperature three times at 5:30~6:30, 14:00~15:00, 20:00~21:00 respectively. The fixed point was set in a roof of a university building, which located at open space without any shelter arround it. 4 4

Methods Table 02: List of equipments Recor ord Method Instrument Item Specification interval Air temperature 、 Relative Accuracy ： 0.1℃ ；± 0.2℃ ； Thermo-hygrometer 10s Rang ： - 35~80℃ humidity Accuracy ： 0.01m/s ；± 3% ； Wind speed 20s Fixed ed Rang ： 0.1~30 m/s Weather station — Wind direction 20s — — Solar radiation Air temperature 、 Relative Accuracy ： 0.1℃ ；± 0.2℃ ； 10s Thermo-hygrometer Rang ： - 35~80℃ humidity Mobile GPS Accuracy ： 2.2m Latitude, Longitude 10s Table 03: the weather condition of Wuhan during the measurement Air temper eratu ture （℃） Relative humidity Wind speed Date weather Wind direction Min （ m/s m/s ） Max (%) 29 sunny 7/23 35 53~75 1-3 south 28 Sunny-cloudy 7/24 36 50~90 1-4 south 27 sunny 7/26 37 50~95 0-3 south 27 sunny 7/27 37 47~94 0-3 south 28 sunny 7/28 38 52-81 0-3 - 28 sunny 7/29 38 53~85 0-3 - 5

Methods 33.4 33.4 1/10 1/10 135 135 D 1/3 1/3 ℃ Why summer Why Wuhan? Why July? Wuhan is one of ten hottest cities in The hot summer start in late In the last decade, the month with the China, and nearly one-third of the June and end in Mid-October, highest monthly average temperature was urban area is the lake surface. last fot 135 days. July (33.4℃). 6

Methods Z-01: Business Z-02: Industry Z-03: Residential zone building building plot zone building building plot zone building building plot area(km 2 ) area(km 2 ) area(km 2 ) floor density(%) ratio floor density(%) ratio floor density(%) ratio 5.29 6-54 56.4 3.32 21.316 1-3 34.1 0.72 2.21 18-32 34.4 4.87 7 7

Methods Z-04: Residential Z-05: Residential zone building building plot zone building building plot ratio area(km 2 ) area(km 2 ) floor density(%) ratio floor density(%) 4.918 3-6 31.5 1.46 8.013 6-24 27.5 1.57 8 8

Results and discussion Correction for the air temperature : according to the daily variation of air temperature, we want to exclude the influence of temperature rise caused by solar radiation. We use the temperature rise of the fixed point to express the effect of solar radiation on the air temperature, and then subtract the fixed temperature from the data measured by the moving point. The formula is as above: 1 9 9

Results and discussion Shopping mall High-rise residences Z-01: 5:30~6:30 Z-01: 14:00~15:00 Z-01: 20:00~21:00 Z-01 Business zone: 1) 5:30~6:30, The highest temperature appears on the left side of the site where there are mainly high-rise residences. 2) 14:00~15:00, There are two parts of high temperature, The traffic volume of these two roads is very large, and the vehicles cause an increase in artificial heat emission, which makes the air temperature rising. 3) 20:00~21:00, The highest temperature appears on the north-east side of the site where there are mainly shopping malls. 10

Results and discussion Z-02: 20:00~21:00 Z-02: 5:30~6:30 Z-02: 14:00~15:00 Z-02 Industry zone: 1) The air temperature in west of the site is always higher than that in the east, no matter in which time, the reason is, at first, the traffic volume in the west is much bigger than the east, and the function is mainly business and industry in the west, so the artificial heat emission is much more than the east. Secondary, Compared with the west, the height and density of buildings in the east are smaller, which is more conducive to the heat dissipation. 11

Results and discussion Shopping mall & office building High-rise residences over 100m Z-03: 20:00~21:00 Z-03: 5:30~6:30 Z-03: 14:00~15:00 Z-03 High-rise residential zone: 1) The highest temperature appears on the south-east side of the site which is adjacent to the elevated road, and there are high-rise residences over 100m. Another high temperature appears on the mid-east of the site at 14:00~15:00, that’s because there are high-rise 2) building with shopping mall and office function. 12

Results and discussion Z-04: 20:00~21:00 Z-04: 5:30~6:30 Z-04: 14:00~15:00 Z-04 Low-rise residential zone: The maximum variation of the air temperature is 0.6 ℃ in the three schedules, and the lowest temperature appears on 1) the mid-east of the site which has a small building density and is adjacent to a park and a river. 2) The south of the site has a high air temperature at 14:00~15:00 and 20:00~21:00, because the traffic volume is very big at that time. 13

Results and discussion Z-05: 20:00~21:00 Z-05: 14:00~15:00 Z-05: 5:30~6:30 Z-05 Waterfront high-rise residential zone : 1) Obviously, the air temperature on the waterfront side is much lower than that in the inland, espacially in the afternoon, the maximum variation of air temperature is 3.9 ℃ . 2) The air temperatures in places with higher building densities and heights are also significantly higher than those with low building densities and heights. 14

Results and discussion 42.0 41.0 40.0 39.0 38.0 37.0 36.0 air （ ℃ ） 35.0 34.0 33.0 32.0 T 31.0 江汉路商业 Z-02 Z-01 红钢城工业 30.0 29.0 Z-03 Z-04 后湖高层住区 红钢城多层住区 28.0 27.0 Z-05 南湖高层滨水住区 26.0 25.0 5:40 5:42 5:44 5:46 5:48 5:50 5:52 5:54 5:56 5:58 6:00 6:02 6:04 6:06 6:08 6:10 6:12 6:14 6:16 6:18 6:20 6:22 6:24 6:26 6:28 6:30 14:01 14:03 14:05 14:07 14:09 14:11 14:13 14:15 14:17 14:19 14:21 14:23 14:25 14:27 14:29 14:31 14:33 14:35 14:37 14:39 14:41 14:43 14:45 14:47 14:49 14:51 14:53 14:55 14:57 14:59 15:01 15:03 15:05 20:01 20:03 20:05 20:07 20:09 20:11 20:13 20:15 20:17 20:19 20:21 20:23 20:25 20:27 20:29 20:31 20:33 20:35 20:37 20:39 20:41 20:43 20:45 20:47 20:49 20:51 20:53 20:55 20:57 20:59 The variation of air temperature of five zones: In order to visually compare the effects of different plots on the function of the air temperature, we plot the temperature profiles of the five plots throughout the day. The maximum daily variation of air temperature appears in Z-05 (waterfront high-rise residential zone, 3.9 ℃ ), and the 1. minimum variation appears in Z-04(low-rise residential zone, 0.5 ℃ ). 2. In the morning and everning, the air temperature of Z-05 is significantly lower than other zones. The same situation appears on the Z-01. It proved that the cooling effect of the water is obvious without the influence of solar radiation. 15

Results and discussion The variation of air temperature of five zones: 3. Due to the cooling effect of the water, the temperature of Z-05 drops significantly at 20:00~21:00; the air temperature of Z- 03 is the highest, and the distribution is concentrated. That’s because the heat emission come from the air conditioning is greatly increased at this time. The temperature variation of Z-02 is large(about 3.2 ℃ ) at 14:00~15:00, and is concentrated on the west and south side of 4. the site which is the main road of the city. The main reason is that the industry and traffic heat emission are concentrated on this place, and the building height and density are large here, resulting in a heat accumulation and difficulty in heat dissipation. 1 16