Fixed–mobile Convergence: Structural convergence MoSvaSon and technological triggers Dirk Breuer Deutsche Telekom Laboratories, Germany Tibor Cinkler Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary Stéphane Gosselin Orange R&D, France Annie Gravey Telecom Bretagne, France Ali Hamidian Ericsson Research, Sweden Stefan Höst Lund University, Sweden Tahar Mamouni Orange R&D, France Péter Olaszi AITIA InternaSonal, Inc., Hungary Stephan Pachnicke ADVA OpScal Networking SE, Germany Björn Skubic Ericsson Research, Sweden Jose Torrijos Gijón Telefónica InvesSgación y Desarrollo, Spain This ongoing work receives funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 317762 “COMBO project” IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 1 1
MoSvaSon Mobile “5G” 4G (LTE/LTE-Advanced) … W e b IPTV Pico Mobile Core Macro 2G/3G Service Control Layer Components IMS/TISPAN 4G MME S-GW P-GW Converged Broadband 2G/3G MSC Fixed and Mobile IP/MPLS SGSN GGSN Backbone Access/Aggregation Network Edge BBU-H λ 1 … Router Wi-Fi λ N OLT Fixed Core Components BBU-H BB-RAR LER … Network Control Layer OLT λ 1 λ N OSS, Synchronization, Platform Control In the past, fixed and mobile access networks have been opNmized and evolved independently, with partly contradicNng trends IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 2 2
Network convergence covers fixed, Wi-Fi and mobile networks Today's network architecture Potential converged architecture § Common architecture for fixed and Fixed and mobile networks: wireless network requires interaction at different points § developed independently of each § Structural convergence other § Simplification and common use of resources § have only very limited joint usage of e.g. infrastructure, system technology, infrastructure interfaces and transport mechanisms § have independent network operation, § Focus on access and aggregation network § Functional convergence control and management § Unification of fixed and mobile network functions § Focus on functional placement in home, access, aggregation and core network Fixed Fixed Core Functional Fixed access Aggregation convergence Core network Fixed Functional Aggregation Structural access convergence Network convergence Mobile Mobile Radio Functional Core access Network Core convergence network Radio access IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 3 3
IdenSfied technological triggers for structural convergence Technological triggers Heterogeneous radio access networks: Push structural convergence of mobile, Wi-Fi and fixed access networks because of a significantly larger number of small cell locaNons and the required coordinaNon of small and macros cells. BBU hostelling and mobile fronthaul technologies: This centralizaNon of radio access funcNons enable convergence at central offices where both fixed and mobile traffic are aggregated at the same place. Unified opNcal access & aggregaNon network: Allows structural convergence with converged physical layer supporNng heterogeneous access media and services for fixed, mobile and Wi-Fi broadband IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 4 4
Heterogeneous radio access network Macro cell Macro cell backhaul Today Small cell Massive deployment of new cell sites (1000s) expected in only a few years. Spot cell Backhaul: the network segment between the network controller site and the radio staNon baseband units OpNcal Fixed Access Massive deployment of new small cell sites requires concept of common backhaul IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 5 5
BBU hostelling and mobile fronthaul technologies Mobile fronthaul and Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN) Fronthaul : connecNon between the baseband unit and the remote radio units Stringent requirements in line rate (mulN-Gbit/s) and latency (150 µs Round Trip Time) These requirements should strongly foster WDM-based access systems , either on dedicated or shared fibre infrastructure IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 6 6
Impact of fronthaul on network design BBU hostelling and mobile fronthaul technologies: • Centralisation of radio access functions enable convergence at Central Offices (COs) where both fixed and mobile traffic are aggregated at the same place • Opportunity to reduce the number of COs and to reduce the costs of such sites • Requirement comes from the RAN design Mobile Backhaul Mobile Fronthaul RRU RRU RRU RRU RRU RRU Fronthaul Backhaul Radio Radio Backhaul BBU Network BBU Network controller controller Network CPRI Baseband Unit (BBU) and Remote Radio BBUs are placed in a remote locaNon (e.g., Unit (RRU) are located at cell site locaNon CO), leaving only the radio parts, antennas and RRUs, at the cell sites. Baseband signals are processed at the cell High data rate required (LTE 3 cells, 20 MHz, site by a BBU either located at the base of the cell tower or integrated with the 2x2 MIMO eq. 7.5 Gb/s) radio unit. Low transmission delay between BBU and RRU required due to eNodeB processing Nme (proc. + transmission: 3 ms total delay) IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 7 7
A unified opScal access and aggregaSon network will also foster structural convergence Requirements of a unified opNcal access / aggregaNon • Converged physical layer funcNons supporNng heterogeneous access services for fixed, mobile and Wi-Fi • Low RTT (< 400 µs) and high capacity (~10 Gbit/s/l) • Seamless interoperability with fixed/mobile network elements • Dynamicity, scalability, survivability, carrier-grade operaNons • CompaNbility with legacy networks and infrastructures • e.g. exisNng OpNcal DistribuNon Networks Key technologies for a unified opNcal access / aggregaNon • TDM/TDMA and WDM for data plane, SDN for control • Different flavours could be considered, based on NG-PON2 or DWDM photonic transport technologies IEEE HPSR Conference | Budapest, 2015 July 1-4 | FMC Tutorial | Structural Convergence 8 8
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