EVALUATING HEALTHY BUILDING DESIGN Amy A. Eyler, PhD ORGANIZATION OF - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EVALUATING HEALTHY BUILDING DESIGN Amy A. Eyler, PhD

ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION  Background and Importance  Brown School Expansion  Methods of the Study  Explain results from measurement of:  Physical Activity  Collaboration  Sustainability  Recommendations and Insight

WHY STUDY CONNECTION BETWEEN BUILDINGS AND HEALTH?  Of the nation’s 81.4 million families, 80.3 percent had at least one employed member in 2015.  In fall 2016, about 50.4 million students attend public elementary and secondary schools.  In fall 2016, some 20.5 million students attend American colleges and universities.

About 2,400 hours per year at work and 1,350 hours in school

BROWN EXPANSION EVALUATION PROJECT (BEEP) Aaron Hipp, PhD Amy Eyler, PhD Brown Expansion Evaluation Project (BEEP)

HealthyHillman

Physical Team Science Sustainability • Collaboration • Building Movement • Social Networks • Commute • Movement • Sedentary behavior Design Elements • Stairways • Walkways/The Street • Offices • Indoor Space • Outdoor Space

BEEP METHODS  Interviews  Surveys  Accelerometers  Ecological Momentary Assessments  Observations  Secondary Data

GROUPS  Faculty and Staff who moved into Hillman  Faculty and Staff who remained in Brown and Goldfarb  Faculty and Staff at the Sam Fox School (building right next to Hillman)

HYPOTHESES  1. Movers would report better satisfaction with workspace than non ‐ movers or controls.  2. Movers and non ‐ movers would increase in physical activity and collaboration whereas there would be no change for Sam Fox participants.  3. Sustainability behaviors would change for movers, and remain constant for non ‐ movers and Sam Fox participants.

KEEPING TRADITIONS VS UPDATING  “Hillman has been successful in merging the “doing the ways we’ve always done things” and “new ways” on multiple levels. Architecturally and stylistically. Different styles and materials. Stone versus glass. Transparency versus lack of transparency. “

MAIN THEMES: HEALTH AND WELLBEING  “There is the human factor that went in to planning too. Creating space that is healthy, beautiful, and productive for people who inhabit it.”  “Hillman exemplifies a new balance and a healthy example for other new buildings on campus.”

WORKPLACE EXPERIENCE Strongly agree Strongly disagree Please rate your level of agreement with the following: I look forward to working in the building. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A I am proud to show my building to visitors. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A The overall appearance of the building is consistent with the 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A mission of the Brown School. There is a good sense of connection to the outdoors from 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A inside the building. There is a definite space that is the “heart” of the building. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A I often stop and talk to others in corridors or break areas. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A We have comfortable spaces to have lunch or take breaks 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A inside the building.

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY How satisfied are you with: Very satisfied Very dissatisfied 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A The temperature of your office or workspace? The air quality in your workspace (i.e., stuffy/stale air, 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A cleanliness, odors)? The amount of light in your workspace? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A The visual comfort of the lighting (e.g., glare, reflections, 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A contrast)? The degree of control you have over the lighting in your 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A workspace? The amount of daylight in your general workspace area? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A Your access to an outside view? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A The noise level in your workspace?

CURRENT WORKSPACE Considering the features and attributes of your current workspace, how satisfied are you with: Very satisfied Very dissatisfied The comfort of your workspace furnishings (chair, 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A desk, computer, equipment, etc.)? Your ability to adjust your furniture to meet your 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A needs? The colors and textures of flooring, furniture, and 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A surface finishes? The amount of space available for individual work? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A Level of visual privacy in your workspace? 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 N/A

OVERALL SATISFACTION  There was a significant increase in overall satisfaction with workspace for Brown School faculty and staff (no change in control group)  There was an increase in overall satisfaction with current building for Brown School faculty and staff (no change in control group)  There was an increase in perception that the workplace enhances individual work effectiveness.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY  Only about ¼ of Americans get the recommended amounts of physical activity  We sit an average of 7.5 hours at work daily  Physical inactivity is linked with many adverse health outcomes  Need to make “the healthy choice the easy choice”

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: ACTIVPAL

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: ACTIVPAL  Comparing Brown faculty and staff pre ‐ post we found:  Increased total energy expenditure per day and week  Increased in hours standing per day and week  Increased total steps per day and week

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: ACTIVPAL Average Total Energy Expenditure per Week P=.008 80 P=.05 71.7 69.6 70 62.9 ENERGY EXPENDITURE (MET.H) 58 60 56.1 53.4 50 40 30 20 10 0 Movers Non ‐ movers Controls Pre ‐ test Post ‐ test

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: ACTIVPAL Average Hours Standing per Week P=.006 P=.04 16 14.75 13.82 14 12 11.2 9.77 10 9.13 8.28 HOURS 8 6 4 2 0 Movers Non ‐ movers Controls Pre ‐ test Post ‐ test

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: ACTIVPAL Average Steps per Week P=.004 P=.01 30000 P=.03 26835 26669.2 24178 25000 20306 NUMBER OF STEPS 20000 17851.7 16749.3 15000 10000 5000 0 Movers Non ‐ movers Controls Pre ‐ test Post ‐ test

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: SURVEY  Availability of a sit ‐ stand workstation  Places to change clothes for physical activity  Support for physical activity  Minutes of physical activity per day

STAIR OBSERVATIONS  How hard can it be?

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: STAIR OBSERVATION Pre Post Spaces (N) 2 8 Number of observations 30 66 Number of people observed 3343 4092 Number of elevator trips 267 443 8.0% 10.8%

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: EMA  What were you doing when the beep went off? (Sitting, Standing, Walking)  How did you travel to work today? (MV, bike, walk, public transit, carpool)  How long did you travel to work today? (increments of 15 minutes)  Within the past 60 minutes did you walk somewhere for 5 consecutive minutes?

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: EMA Percent of times moving in past hour by building 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Brown Other Goldfarb Hillman

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUALITATIVE SUMMARY  Focus groups and interview participants commented on:  More options for breaks  Things being a bit farther away (e.g printers)  Like having standing desks  Showers are a bonus  Atmosphere better for mental health

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY QUALITATIVE QUOTES  “The showers have made a huge difference in allowing me to do non ‐ incidental PA. Even through I’ve only used it a few times, it feels really empowering, especially if you want to commute by bike.”  “I have a stand up desk and I have yet to put it down. That doesn’t mean I don’t sit. I love having that standing desk.”  “Now I can walk to work.”  “I can change up where I get water and where I go to the bathroom”

COLLABORATION  Linked to workplace satisfaction and productivity  Correlates with better employee mental health

COLLABORATION SPACE OBSERVATIONS Pre Post Number of spaces 3 12 observed Number of times 56 102 observed Total people 265 526 Clark ‐ Fox Forum Goldfarb 1 st Floor Area Homan Court Plaza

COLLABORATION: SURVEY  Ability to communicate in person  Ability to communicate with others in private  Ability to stop and talk with others  Enhance my ability to work with others

COLLABORATION: SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS Network Research Teaching Social Density Baseline 7.1% 2.9% 5.3% Follow Up 8.9% 5.0% 11.3%

COLLABORATION: EMA  Within the past hour, with how many people did you have in ‐ person interaction(s)?  Thinking of your most recent interaction, was this interaction…  Formal (Scheduled prior)  Informal (Impromptu meeting)  Where did this interaction occur? (walking, your office, colleague’s office, common area, hallway, conference room, classroom, bathroom, other)  Within the past hour, how would you rate your productivity?

Average Number of People Interacted With Past Hour 4 p=0.001 3 2 1 0 Hillman Brown/Goldfarb

COLLABORATION QUALITATIVE QUOTES  “ We envisioned a “water cooler” effect where people can have incidental interactions.”  “Happenstance meetings are easier.”