EPA’s Travel Efficiency Assessment Method (TEAM): Development and Case Studies Presented by: United States Environmental Projection Agency Office of Transportation and Air Quality AMPO Annual Conference October 2017
Outline • Introduction • TEAM Analyses to Date • Preliminary Results of Current Case Studies • Imperial Calcasieu Regional Planning and Development Commission (IMCAL) • Puget Sound Clean Air Agency (PSCAA) • Champaign County Regional Planning (CCRPC) • Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management (NESCAUM) • Next Steps 2
Travel Efficiency (TE) Strategies Strategies to reduce emissions by affecting travel activity – examples: • Travel demand management • Telecommuting • Transit Subsidies • Carpool and Vanpool Programs • Changes to public transit • Reduced Fares • Increased Frequency, Range • Travel pricing • Road Pricing, Parking Pricing • Changes to land use • Transit Oriented Development (TOD), Mixed Use, Jobs/Housing Balance 3
The Travel Efficiency Assessment Method (TEAM) • A method to rapidly assess multi-pollutant emission reductions from hypothetical travel efficiency scenarios at the local, state and national level • TEAM substitutes a sketch planning tool for the traditional 4- step model Local Data and Change in VMT, MOVES Emissions Sketch Model Strategies Trips, Fleet Mix Assessment 4
Previous TEAM Analyses 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2017 2016 1 st series of 2 nd series of National scale case studies: case studies: • Tucson • St. Louis assessment • Kansas City • Atlanta (All 541 MSAs) • Boston • Orlando 5
2016 Case Study Findings Scenarios Applied to 2040 Pooled Reductions • Expand telework and guaranteed ride • Employees in 5 • 12 million VMT/day • 124 kg/day PM 2.5 home county core Atlanta • Improve transit access times • Full 5 county area • 535 kg/day NOx • Parking pricing • Full 5 county area • 414 kg/day VOC • Increase density and mixed use land use • Full 5 county area • 2.8 million kg/day GHG • TOD near existing light rail stations • 3 county core • 1.9 million VMT/ day • Increase residential density and mixed • Full 5 county area • 16 kg/day PM 2.5 St. Louis • 103 kg/day NOx development • Complete bicycle and pedestrian • Full 5 county area • 80 kg/day VOC • 440,000 kg/day GHG network • Complete light rail system • Full 5 county area • Expand employer programs including • Sub-pop. of 3 • 4.6 million VMT/day • 39 kg/day PM 2.5 transit pass county area • Improve transit access and travel times • Sub-pop. of 3 • 201 kg/day NOx Orlando • VMT pricing for entire region • 117 kg/day VOC county area • Unlimited transit pass for with tuition • 3 county VMT • 1.1 million kg/day GHG • Sub-pop of 3 and university employment county area 6
Land Use Sketch Modeling Approaches Strategies That Can Be Category Data Needs Analyzed Land Use • Shifting population and • Multivariate approach: • share of regional population in affected employment growth to more compact areas • increase in weighted average residential neighborhoods and lower VMT generating density (persons per square mile) • increase in job accessibility by car (30 min) neighborhoods • increase in job accessibility by transit (30 • Jobs-housing balance min) • average decrease in distance to transit initiatives • average increase in land use mixing • Mixed-use development • Neighborhood approach: • TOD programs • share of regional population in affected areas • percent population by neighborhood type 7
Multi-Variate vs Neighborhood Approach Results Multi-Variate Approach Neighborhood Approach Atlanta Light-Duty VMT -9.28% -8.82% St. Louis Light-Duty VMT -2.07% -2.54% 8
Current Case Studies New Areas! • Lake Charles, LA • Seattle, WA • Champaign, IL • Connecticut 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2017 2016 1 st series of 2 nd series of National scale case studies: case studies: • Tucson • St. Louis assessment • Kansas City • Atlanta (All 541 MSAs) • Boston • Orlando 9
Region: Lake Charles, Louisiana MPO Sponsor: Imperial Calcasieu Regional Planning and Development Commission Region Profile • 5 parishes and 18 municipalities • Preparing for massive regional growth in employment • $116.8 B in new or proposed industrial plants within the next 5 years 10
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Scenarios Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * • Provide $50 per month subsidies for Targeted to Scenario 1: Petrochemical ridesharing or vanpooling to each employee • Offer ridematch programs and TDM Employer Employers -0.07% Programs (7,500 guaranteed/emergency ride home programs employees) to employees Scenario 2: North Lake Scenario 1 + Charles • Reduce average transit trip times 16% -0.10% Transit (13,500 Improvements residents) Downtown Lake Scenario 3: • Establish a parking fee of 50 cents per hour Charles Scenario 2 + -0.24% (13,000 daily for non-work trips to downtown Parking Pricing travelers) • Shift future growth away from lower density Scenario 4: Full Region Scenario 3 + single use development styles and towards (260,000 area -1.05% Smart Growth higher density mixed use development residents) Land Use styles *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 12
Region: Champaign-Urbana, Illinois Sponsor: Champaign County Regional Planning Commission Region Profile • Home of University of Illinois • Population of 161,000 • Preparing for long range plan update 13
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Selected Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * Strategies • Restructure routes to reduce avg. in-vehicle Scenario 1: passenger travel time by 60% Expand Bicycle • Increase transit frequency to reduce average and Pedestrian bus passenger wait time by 20% Networks and Full Region -2.95% • Expand bicycle facilities from 60 lane miles Establish new today to 410 lane miles in 2040 transit hubs • Expand sidewalk coverage of streets from 50% today to 100% in 2040 • Increase housing supply with multimodal Scenario 2: access to employment centers by minimizing Scenario 1 + Full Region -3.22% non-contiguous development and increasing Smart Land Use neighborhood density by 4.5% *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 15
Selected Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * Strategies Scenario 3: • Increase faculty/staff parking permit costs University of -7.86% Scenario 2 + Illinois by 50% Parking Pricing Scenario 4: • Reduce rail avg. in-vehicle time by 73% and Scenario 3 + Full Region -8.08% wait time by 88% High Speed Rail *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 16
Region: Seattle, Washington Sponsor: Puget Sound Clean Air Agency Region Profile • 80 jurisdictions including county and city governments • 2 million employees • Engaged in climate planning efforts with 2030 and 2050 targets 17
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Selected Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * Strategies • Expand commute trip reduction program Scenario 1: Additional Expand Commute requirement to employers of 50 or greater 156,000 -0.09% Trip Reduction (from employers of 100 or greater). Expands employees (CTR) Program access to an additional 160,000 employees Scenario 2: Scenario 1 + 169,000 • Provide free transit passes to 169,000 Expand access EJ/low- EJ/low income community members -0.16% transit access to income EJ/low-income residents populations *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 19
Selected Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * Strategies Scenario 3: All travel in • Introduce 15 cents per mile VMT price -3.40% Scenario 2 + VMT the 4 county Pricing region • All regional jobs and populations • Increase population density by 50%. All regional • Increase accessibility to jobs by auto within Scenario 4: jobs (2.98 Scenario 3 + 45 minutes by 3%. million) and -10.20% • Increase accessibility to jobs by transit Smart growth population land use within 45 minutes by 60% (4.85 million) • Reduce distances to transit by 15% • Increase diversity of land use types by 5% *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 20
Region: State of Connecticut Sponsor: Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management Region Profile • Long-range GHG planning (Connecticut’s Global Warming Solutions Act - 80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050) • New scale of analysis for TEAM • Results/process could be adopted across NESCAUM partner states 21
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Selected Applied to Details Effect on BAU VMT * Strategies NY-New • Implement rail improvements that increase Scenario 1: Haven Commuter train Corridor the frequency of service and reduce transit -0.78% improvements (1.35 million trip times by 15% residents) NY-New • Increase transit service by extending Scenario 2: Haven Scenario 1 + Local coverage areas, providing connecting -1.84% Corridor bus services between cities and reduce transit (1.35 million improvements trip times by 33% residents) *This value provides the reduction in VMT as compared with the “Business -As- Usual” 2040 outyear. 23
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