Electric vehicles in New Zealand: today and tomorrow Elizabeth Yeaman, Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority New Zealand Wind Energy Association AGM, November 2017 www.electricvehicles.govt.nz
What counts as an EV? • Uses an external source of electricity for some or all of its motive power • You can plug it in • Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) – 100% electric • Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) – electric and petrol/diesel
This includes heavy EVs
EVs: energy efficient and switch to low carbon energy Head of water
New Zealand’s EV advantage
The Government’s EV Programme Energy Ministry of Inland Ministry of NZ Transport Efficiency & Business Revenue WorkSafe NZ Transport Agency Conservation Innovation & Department Authority Employment Supporting the Oversight of development of Nationwide Review of tax programme public charging Public-private information and depreciation infrastructure procurement of promotion rates for light electric vehicles campaign electric vehicles Lead for Enabling transport electric vehicles Providing legislative work access to guidance on • RUC exemptions special vehicle electrical safety • Special vehicle lanes lanes Contestable fund to encourage and Review of fringe Energy Electric support benefit for light Innovation Bill Vehicles Updating the innovative low electric vehicles Programme motor vehicle emissions Leadership register vehicle projects Group
New Zealand’s EV target 70000 35000 64000 60000 30000 32000 50000 25000 Annual Registration Target Total EV Registrations 40000 20000 32000 30000 15000 16000 16000 20000 10000 8000 10000 5000 4000 8000 2000 4000 2000 1000 0 0 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Annual Target Total Registrations
4,000 EV target for 2017 reached 5 months early http://www.transport.govt.nz/research/newzealandvehiclefleetstatistics/monthly-electric-and-hybrid-light-vehicle-registrations-dec-2016/
Who is buying what and where? Aucklanders buying 2 nd hand import Nissan Leafs as private vehicles 2013 onwards (Gen2) Nissan Leafs come ready for Vehicle to Grid http://www.transport.govt.nz/research/newzealandvehiclefleetstatistics/monthly-electric-and-hybrid-light-vehicle-registrations-dec-2016/
EV information campaign www.electricvehicles.govt.nz
Increasing favourability, & confidence in EVs
Kiwi’s views about EVs Charging Only half of related people know concerns are that EVs are the most cheaper to run significant barrier to EVs
Plug in at home or out and about It’s easiest and cheapest to charge at home overnight – 92% of EV owners in NZ prefer to charge at home* Sometimes you may want to top up when you are out, or on a longer trip. There’s an ever increasing number of public charging stations around the country – to find one download an app * http://flipthefleet.org/2017/media-release-electric-vehicle-owners-prefer-charging-home-filling-petrol-station/
EV fast charging infrastructure rapidly expanding www.electricvehicles.govt.nz
Low Emission Vehicles Contestable Fund Funding of up to $6 million per year to co-fund innovative projects Rounds 1 and 2 were significantly oversubscribed Round 3 closed September 2017 – announcements prior to Xmas Round 4 expected to open early 2018 https://www.eeca.govt.nz/funding-and-support/electric-vehicles- programme/
Round 1 approved projects Demonstrations: 100% electric delivery vans: Foodstuffs 100% electric taxis: Green Cabs 100% electric buses: Auckland Transport; Tranzit Group PHEV car share: Mevo; Z Energy Infrastructure: EV truck conversion facilities: Waste Management Charging at park and ride: Auckland Transport Smart poles with EV charging: Auckland Transport Charging on tourist routes: Thames-Coromandel DC; Unison (Taupo-Napier) Other charging: The Warehouse (20 stores); Counties Power (Pukekohe); PowerNet (Southland)
Round 2 approved projects Demonstrations: 100% electric medium trucks: Civic Ltd; PNCC 100% electric courier vans: NZ Post 100% electric shared fleet for businesses: Yoogo 100% electric rental cars: Europcar 100% electric shuttle buses: Snap Rentals 450 kW opportunity charged buses: Tranzit EV battery refurbishment: Blue Cars Infrastructure: On-street residential charging: Wellington City Council Eastland Pacific Coast Highway: Eastland Group Eastern Bay of Plenty: Horizon Networks Northland Crimson Coast Highway: Northland RC ChargeNet: Dunedin to Queenstown; Invercargill to Queenstown; Christchurch to Picton via Lewis Pass
Road User Charges Light vehicles: Light EVs (eg cars and vans) are exempt from RUC until 2021 Heavy vehicles: From 1 September 2017 heavy EVs will be exempt from road user charges until they make up 2% of the heavy vehicle fleet. Examples of what this is worth: Vehicle Definition RUC rate Example Example RUC (GST incl) annual exemption distance saving Urban delivery Under 6 tonnes, $66 / 1,000 km 30,000 km $1,980 / year truck dual rear wheels 12 – 18 tonnes, 3 Regional freight $292 / 1,000 km 75,000 km $21,900 / year truck axle
Auckland EV trial – phase 2 • EVs are able to use 11 transit lanes on state highways in Auckland for a 12 month trial • Lanes were selected taking into account safety and impacts on traffic flow and public transport • Lanes will be prepared with the required signs and road markings over the upcoming weeks • EV drivers must check the signage at the start of each lane to ensure they are eligible to use it For more information contact evprogramme@nzta.govt.nz or visit www.nzta.govt.nz/ev-special-vehicle-lanes
Opportunities for EVs: intra-regional freight 78% of freight movements (million tonnes all modes) are within regions* Nine Australian manufactured SEA EV10 trucks delivered to Kings Transport, Melbourne in July 2017 UPS expanding their fleet of EV trucks operating in London from 50 to 72 this year * http://www.transport.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Research/Documents/National-Freight-Demand-Study-Mar-2014.pdf Table 3
Potential charging infrastructure demand Fleet assumption: 20 delivery trucks @ 150kWh • Overnight re-charge at 22kW AC: • = 0.44 MW load added to network • ~ 130 Nissan Leafs charging at the same time • ~ average demand of about 400 households • Potential day top-up at 50kW DC (lunch time): • = 1MW load added to network • ~ 300 Nissan Leafs charging at the same time • ~ average demand of about 1,000 households
What’s coming next… Damiler Mercedez-Benz pilot production of 18 and 25 GVM trucks underway, with full-scale production expected 2020
What’s coming next… Tesla plans commercial production of 100% electric trucks in 18-24 months
What’s coming next… This year two large ferries, Tycho Brahe and Aurora, will operate completely on battery power between Helsingør (Denmark) and Helsingborg (Sweden), a distance of approximately 4 km carrying more than 7.4 million passengers and 1.9 million vehicles annually
100% electric and autonomous cargo ship Construction starts this year in Norway with manned operation scheduled from 2018 and autonomous operation in 2020
Short range electric passenger aircraft Zunum Aero, whose investors include Boeing and Jet Blue, is aiming to have 10-12 seat plug-in hybrid electric commercial passenger aircraft in service by 2022
What you can do now 1. Test drive an EV if you haven’t driven one yet 2. Try out an EV through car share companies like CityHop in Auckland, Mevo in Wellington and Yoogo in Christchurch, or from rental car companies like Hertz Auckland, Europcar, Blue Cars and Snap Rentals 3. Find out more about EVs for your household or company by visiting www.electricvehicles.govt.nz 4. Consider developing an innovative EV project for application to the Low Emission Vehicles Contestable Fund https://www.eeca.govt.nz/funding-and-support/low-emission- vehicles-contestable-fund/
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