Towards achieving S Susta tainable le Urban Mobili lity ty i in Egypt: pt: A An Integrat grated Trans nsport ort Approac roach Dr. Iman Mohammed Wafaei Ramadan Counselor to President for International Transport and Logistics Affairs Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport Egypt 3/ 19/ 14
Overview of Egypt’s Urban mobility • Egypt population is now 86 million (2015) • Population growth rate 1.96. • Metropolitan Cairo population is 22million.(17 million greater Cairo population and Cairo alone 12 milloion) • The most populous metropolitan area in Africa and the middle East. Ranks16th in the world • Cairo population density of 19,376 people per square kilometer. Ranks 42nd in the world.
Overview of Egypt’s Urban mobility • The gap has been primarily filled with private owned and operated shared taxis (so called informal transport) and the use of private cars • Consequently, congestion has become a major problem and the air quality has deteriorated to an alarming level. • It has been estimated that between 10,000 and 25,000 deaths a year in Cairo can be attributed to air pollution, to which transport is one of the main contributors.
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Metro lines in Cairo and future Alexandria France already funded the construction of Egypt's three metro lines which were built between 1979 and 2012, with loans amounting to approximately €1.2 billion. 2015 Egypt's National Authority for Tunnels signed the French company VINCI Bouygues Travaux Public to complete the construction of the fourth phase of the third metro line in Cairo . Alexandria metro project is on its way to be established with three phases to cover the whole city
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility The introduction of buses equipped to serve people with special needs start operations for the first time in Egypt. The bus runs on eight lines to connect all cities and regions of Greater Cairo and each new residential areas
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Wifi internet enabled 24 new mini buses are operating in Cairo
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility A fleet of new buses operating in Cairo
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Replacement of old taxis by the white taxi according to law No. 121 for 2008 and its amendments some provisions of the traffic laws included the inadmissibility of the license renewal for taxis over the date of manufacture of 20 years. The white taxi project was established for the purpose of replacing the old taxis with new ones supported by bank loans and government support . Total cars that were replaced during Scraping old Taxis the first and second phases of the project put white taxi reached 43 thousand cars, the third phase comprise replacement of 15 thousand more cars
The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Replacement of old trams by transit lane and hopes for super tram Transport in some districts eg Heliopolic and elNasr City: from disfunctional tram to temporary rapid transit lane and dreams of supertram
The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Dedicated bus lane One of the distinguished projects in Cairo is Mostafa el Nahas street dedicated bus lane.This projects costs around 10 million dollars with 200 buses serving 30 bus lanes and is suffering of problems in practice due to difficulty in crossing the roads
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility Dedicated bus lane
1-The State of Art Of Egypt on Sustainable Urban Mobility The Cairo Transport Apps Autobeesy Feen #autobeesy Bored from waiting your Bus for a long time? How much times you missed your bus or couldn't catch? Autobeesy Feen tells you when and where your bus is last ... Nomad #nomad A revolutionary community based carpooling and assistance application. It connects you and your friends together using Facebook. Passengers looking for a ride c... E mokhalfa #emokhalfa Emokhalfa aims at enhancing driving conduct and helping the community to safer roads by creating means of delivering community pressure to their fellow drivers....
2-The legal framework of public transport in Egypt The Right to Public Transportation and Urban Mobility in the Egyptian Constitution The right to urban mobility means that :- • Citizens should be able to move freely within and between cities and towns • All individuals to have access to public transportation that is safe, available in all neighborhoods& affordable. • Special attention should be given to the needs of people with disabilities to ensure they have equal access to public transportation as well.
2-The legal framework of public transport in Egypt National Environmental Regulations, Guidelines and Policies • The main legal instrument dealing with environmental issues in Egypt is Law 4/1994, amended by Law 9/2009 and Executive Regulation 1095/2011 which is amended by ER 710/2012. • According to Article 1 of Law 4, Double-parked cars, motorists going in the wrong direction and a complete disregard for traffic signals are just a few of the typical sights on many of the country's streets. • In an effort to create order out of seeming chaos, the People's Assembly passed new traffic legislation, Law 121/2008, which came into effect on August 1, replacing many regulations that have been in place since 1973.
3-N eeds and problems on public transports and urban mobility • Cairo, Egypt Ranked Six Worst Air City worldwide • WHO data ranked Cairo as having the second-highest levels of particulates in the world after New Delhi. • Another WHO report equated living in the city to smoking a pack of cigarettes a day. • Because Egypt doesn’t use unleaded gasoline, citizens are exposed to high levels of lead every day. • On occasion, Cairo is also under what’s commonly called “ the black cloud ”: a dense, poisonous mass of smoke caused by the seasonal burning of rice ashes by local farmers.
3-Needs and Problems on Public Transports &Urban Mobility In metropolis Cairo only 14% of residents own a private car. the public transportation system does not have the capacity to meet the ever increasing transportation needs of the city’s growing millions of residents. The emergence of satellite cities whose residents are strongly connected to Cairo for work or social ties. public policies neglecting this leaving people at the mercy of informal unsafe forms of transportation that are not monitored or regulated by the state.
3-Needs And Problems On Public Transports And Urban Mobility
3-Needs And Problems On Public Transports And Urban Mobility Affordability Public transportation in Egypt is relatively affordable by international standards. However, affordable transportation is not always reliable and not always safe. On average, 12 percent of the cost of living for an individual in Cairo is spent on transportation. The Metro is the most affordable, popular, and reliable transportation in Cairo, costing just 1 LE for each trip. Around 4 million passengers used the Cairo Metro each day in..
3-Needs & Problems on Public Transports &Urban Mobility Affordability Other means of commuting in Cairo include public buses, minibuses, micro-buses, and trams. Microbuses, run by the private sector, are an affordable option to get around Cairo, but they are not always reliable, and are unregulated by the state. For shorter distances in the inaccessible, narrow streets prevalent in informal areas, people use tuk tuks (rickshaws), which are unlicensed and at many times operated by teenagers.
3-Needs & Problems on Public Transports &Urban Mobility Safety • According to the Cabinet Information & Decision Support Center, an estimated 32,000 people are injured in traffic- related accidents and more than 7,000 lose their lives on the road in Egypt each year.
3-Needs & Problems on Public Transports &Urban Mobility Safety Egypt’s railway network is 9570 km long with 705 stations covering all governorates and a daily ridership of 1.4 million. Hundreds of thousands of workers from towns around Cairo depend on trains for their daily commute into the city. Despite being an essential service to 500 million people annually, the railway service is infamous for its unreliability and lack of safety. The accident known as “the train of Sa`eed (Upper Egypt)” in 2002 was the worst accident in the history of Egyptian railways and 373 deaths.
3-Needs & Problems on Public Transports &Urban Mobility Safety Train-related accidents have become more common; six accidents occurred since November 2012, Labeling these as “accidents” should not negate the responsibility of the National Railway Authority and the Ministry of Transportation Someone should be held responsible for making the decision to spend millions of pounds on aesthetic renovation projects instead of upgrading the much-needed infrastructure of the railway system that claims lives .
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