E MPOWERING O LDER A DULTS WITH R ESILIENT C OMMUNITIES APA Nat’l Planning Conference @JanaLynott May 6, 2017 #LivIndex
Speaker Line-Up • Jana Lynott, AARP Public Policy Institute • Joie Acosta, Rand Corporation • Lindsay Goldman, New York Academy of Medicine Contributor • Ramona Mullahey, HUD
What is community resilience? • Look at problems and solutions The capacity of a holistically. Address the multitude community to of interconnected risks a community anticipate, prepare faces. for, and adapt to changing conditions • Engage whole community. Bring and withstand, together unlike parties across respond to, and multiple sectors. Break down silos. recover rapidly from shocks. • Plan for uncertainty. Source: Resilience AmeriCorps
Older people disproportionately vulnerable • Chronic illnesses • Functional limitations • Sensory, physical, and cognitive disabilities • Often take multiple medications • Rely on formal and informal caregivers for assistance • General “frailty” • Live alone (many in isolated rural areas) • Climate change can exacerbate these vulnerabilities
Published 2006 Today
6 Key Attributes of Community Resilience Housing Health Economy Access & Functional Needs Community Planning Social Connectedness Draft Interagency Concept for Community Resilience Indicators and National-Level Measures, Dept. of Homeland Security, June 2016
Network of Age-Friendly Communities Updated April 5, 2017
AARP’s Network of Age-Friendly Communities Our Vision and the “8 Domains of Livability” The Built Environment The Social Environment
T HE L IVABILITY I NDEX : G REAT N EIGHBORHOODS FOR A LL A GES WWW . AARP . ORG / LIVABILITYINDEX
10 T HE L IVABILITY I NDEX : G REAT N EIGHBORHOODS FOR A LL A GES Livability Categories Housing Neighborhood Transportation Environment Health Engagement Opportunity
Resilience AmeriCorps Improves communities’ capacity to grow in the face of shocks and stresses Community volunteers prepare the Chamizal Community Garden for planting as part of the Cities of Service Resilience AmeriCorps VISTA Project in El Paso, TX. Photo Credit: Candace Heins CLICK HERE FOR PROJECT MAP
Resilience AmeriCorps VISTA projects have five preferred capacity-building strategies
Resilience AmeriCorps VISTA projects address site-specific challenges, solutions, and populations Challenges Solutions Populations • Extreme • Safe, • Tribes weather sustainable, • Persons with affordable • Threats to limited English housing natural/cultural proficiency resources • Urban • Youth agriculture • Energy insecurity • Microgrids
F OR M ORE I NFORMATION AARP’s Livability Index www.aarp.org/livabilityindex AARP Livable Communities Resources www.aarp.org/livablepolicy www.aarp.org/livable NYAM, Resilient Communities: Empowering Older Adults in Disasters and Daily Life, http://www.nyam.org/media/filer_public/64/b2/64b2da62-f4e7-4e04- b5d1-e0e52b2a5614/resilient_communities_report_final.pdf Resilience AmeriCorps https://www.nationalservice.gov/programs/americorps/americorps- initiatives/resilience-americorps
Resilience AmeriCorps VISTA projects use three approaches to anti-poverty work Looking at problems and solutions holistically Engaging whole community Planning for uncertainty
Resilience AmeriCorps VISTA projects align with five specific community outcomes Reduced vulnerability Increased preparedness Facilitated long-term recovery Increased risk awareness Improved access to social services
America is Aging Percent of Population Age 65+ 2010
America is Aging Percent of Population Age 65+ 2020
America is Aging Number of Persons Age 50+ by Race (Percent of Total Population 50+ that Is a Person of Color) 180 50+ Population (Millions) 160 140 45% 120 40% 35% Other 29% 100 24% Asian/PI 80 Black 60 Hispanic 40 20 White 0 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Source: U.S Census Bureau – 2008 Census Projections
NATIONAL STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF VILLAGES ON OLDER ADULTS RESILIENCE Joie Acosta May, 2017
Today’s Presentation • Brief Overview of the Study • Purpose • Partners • Timeline • Preliminary Findings • Interviews with Senior Villages, Age-Friendly staff, and Public Health Departments • Survey of Village Members • Next Steps
Study Purpose (1) • To document whether villages improve older adults resilience • By resilience we mean older adults: • social connectedness, • self-sufficiency, • emotional wellbeing, and • attention to health needs. 8 8 Older adults not Villages Villages living in villages COMPARED without with EP from 16 similar WITH: EP activities communities activities (n=400) (n=800) (n=400)
Study Purpose (2) • Part of a larger project to help improve the alignment between local health systems and age-friendly efforts • We are also: • Interviewing executive directors and other village leaders • Interviewing local health department staff that work on emergency preparedness and resilience efforts
Preliminary Interview Findings (1) • What have we learned about the role of villages in promoting emergency preparedness? • Most villages are doing at least one activity to promote emergency preparedness COMMON ACTIVITIES Phone tree Daily check-ins List of emergency contacts Medical alert installation (Life Line) Disaster Preparedness Presentations Emergency Department Information Medical/Medication Documentation Personalized call before and after disaster Raising awareness • Many villages lack the expertise, staff, time and money to provide urgent or enhanced emergency preparedness support and resources
Preliminary Interview Findings (2) • Do villages and local health departments (LHDs) have strong relationships? • In short-NO • Villages were not working with LHDs and some perceived LHDs were just as time/staff/resource constrained as villages • Few LHDs were aware of villages and none had strong relationships with them • Do LHDs provide emergency preparedness activities aimed at older adults? • Activities primarily intended to appeal to all populations or tailored more specifically based on functional limitations (rather than age) • LHDs not specifically tasked with a focus on older adults—hence liaising with villages not a high priority
Preliminary Interview Findings (3) • For AFI leaders, there was variability in the extent to which emergency preparedness (EP) was prioritized • Most AFIs did not see EP as a high priority • Some AFIs could identify other agencies doing EP work and actively liaised to ensure older adult issues were represented • Small number of AFIs saw activities as building everyday support for EP • AFI’s focus on quality of life issues is driven by consensus • EP was a less popular topic • Mandated engagement of city agencies promoted more diverse agendas
Washington, DC Age-Friendly Initiative: An Exemplar of Collaboration • Extra domain added to their age-friendly planning • Strategic plan tasks LHD to lead efforts in partnership with local villages Resilience Goals Progress to Date Goal 9.1: Identify and Identify: DOEE is working with partners to produce a heat reach vulnerable vulnerability analysis looking at 911 call data. DCOA populations with awarded Foggy Bottom Village funds to work with isolated information on emergency residents. preparedness and Reach: AlertDC enrollment increased by 10,709 users in resilience. FY16. Goal 9.2: Build individual Train: Dupont Circle Village members have had CERT and community resilience training and assigned block captains. Capitol Hill Village and preparedness for members took Hands on Heart CPR training. emergencies. Network: New village models have begun to develop in affordable housing residences in Ward 8 (Overlook) and Ward 5 (Edgewood).
Preliminary Survey Findings (1) • To date, 221 village members and 258 of non-village members have been surveyed • Villages are older, more female, and more White Demographics Village Comparison Age 75.0, 8.3 68.5, 10.6 Gender 80.7% female 60.8% female 97.8% white 86.7% white Race 0.9% black 4.6% black 1.3% other 8.7% other
Preliminary survey findings (2) Village members reported lower levels of disaster resilience, but higher levels of health resilience Select Outcomes Village Comparison Disaster Resilience Reported lacking emergency 3.8 4.1 preparedness* (Max 5) Emergency preparedness behaviors 3.7 3.9 (Max 11) Health Resilience Access to primary care 96.85% 94.30% Length of time since seen a doctor 98.2% <1 year 95.80% <1 year 1.35% 1-5year 4.20% 1-5year 0.45% 5 years+ 0.0% 5 years+ * T-test found statistically significant differences at p<.01
Preliminary survey findings (3) Village members reported using more active coping and having a more active social network, but felt less connected Select Outcomes Village Comparison Emotional Resilience Utilize active coping* (Max 5) 4.6 4.5 Emotional wellbeing (Max 5) 4.6 4.7 Social Resilience Social Network (Max 13) 8.8 8.6 Connectedness* (Max 9) 8.1 8.5 Social Support (Max 6) 5.0 5.1 * T-test found statistically significant differences at p<.05
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