Division of Criminal Justice Services Office of Justice Research and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Division of Criminal Justice Services Office of Justice Research and Performance 2009 Drug Law Reform Update June 2013

6/26/2013 Drug Offenders and Total Offenders Under Custody Since 2008, Drug Offenders Under Custody in NYSDOCS Declined By More Than 5,100 (-43%) 1982-2012 80,000 Drug Offenders Under DOCS Custody 70,000 (Year End) 23,511 22,266 25,000 60,000 50,000 20,000 15,486 14,249 40,000 15,000 11,936 10,319 8,661 30,000 10,000 7,509 6,811 20 000 20,000 5 000 5,000 10,000 0 1996 1999 2004 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Source: DOCCS Drug Offenders Under Custody Non-Drug Since 2008, the Number of Drug Decreases in Drug Commitments were Driven by Commitments Declined By 38% NYC (-30%) and Large Upstate Counties (-55%) 3,000 2008 and 2012 Drug Commitments to Prison Felony Drug Commitments to DOCCS 12,000 11,225 2,500 9,841 10,000 2,000 8,000 -30% 1,500 5,667 5,839 5,190 -55% 6,000 1,000 4,319 3,755 3,513 3,193 2% 4,000 500 500 2,000 0 NYC LARGE SMALL 0 2008 2,484 2,143 563 1992 1996 2004 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2012 1,500 1,119 574 Source: DOCCS Source: DOCCS 1

6/26/2013 Much of the Decrease was due to a 26% NYC Drug Arrests Declined 32% Since 2008 Decline in Felony Drug Arrests Since 2008 5 Year Felony Drug Trends: NYC 45,000 5 Year Felony Drug Trends: Statewide 35,000 40,361 40,000 , 28,892 28,892 30 000 30,000 35,000 29,960 25,000 30,000 19,680 20,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 14,477 15,000 10,460 10,000 7,828 5,486 , 10 000 10,000 5,190 5,000 3,188 2,484 5,000 1,499 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Arrests 40,361 36,919 33,624 31,421 29,960 Arrests 28,892 26,047 22,878 21,284 19,680 Indictments/SCIs 14,477 13,483 12,422 10,870 10,460 Indictments/SCIs 7,828 7,634 6,709 5,744 5,486 Commitments 5,190 4,319 3,755 3,513 3,188 Commitments 2,484 2,339 2,019 1,813 1,499 Large County Arrests Felony Drug Arrests in Small Counties Declined 15% Since 2008 Increased 10% Since 2008 5 Year Felony Drug Trends: Large Counties 5 Year Felony Drug Trends: Small Counties 9,404 10,000 2,500 2,281 2,065 7,999 8,000 2,000 1,492 1,348 1,500 6,000 5,301 3,482 4,000 1,000 563 571 2,143 2,000 2 000 500 500 1,118 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Arrests Arrests 9,404 8,646 8,607 7,924 7,999 2,065 2,226 2,139 2,213 2,281 Indictments/SCIs 1,348 1,514 1,467 1,397 1,492 Indictments/SCIs 5,301 4,335 4,246 3,729 3,482 Commitments Commitments 2,143 1,437 1,205 1,178 1,118 563 543 531 522 571 2

6/26/2013 • Largest declines in arrests (-38%), Arrests, Indictments, and Prison Commitments for Felony indictments (-41%) and commitments Drug Offenses, by Race/Ethnicity (-44%) were for Black defendants. Arrests Indictments Commitments Race Race 2012 % chg 2012 % chg 2012 % chg 2008 2011 2008 2011 2008 2011 08-12 08-12 08-12 • Large declines were also seen for Hispanic White 5,891 5,533 5,806 -1% 2,291 2,118 2,195 -4% 664 563 579 -13% defendants in arrest (-22%), indictments Black 17,168 11,628 10,562 -38% 6,397 3,976 3,770 -41% 2,839 1,639 1,578 -44% (-23%) and commitments (-40%). Hispanic 16,836 13,742 13,071 -22% 5,679 4,640 4,381 -23% 1,607 1,185 970 -40% Other 466 518 521 12% 126 136 114 -10% 80 126 66 -18% • There was very little change for white Total 40,361 31,421 29,960 -26% 14,493 10,870 10,460 -28% 5,190 3,513 3,193 -38% defendants, with arrests (-1%), indictments (-4%) and commitments (-13%). • There have been large declines in Race/Ethnicity of Offenders Committed to Prison for commitments in NYC (-40%) and large Felony Drug Offenses counties ( 48%), especially for black counties (-48%), especially for black NYC Large Counties g Small Counties Race and Hispanic offenders since 2008. 2012 % chg 2012 % chg 2012 % chg 2008 2011 08-12 2008 2011 08-12 2008 2011 08-12 White 86 91 90 5% 328 199 202 -38% 250 273 287 15% • Small county commitments have Black 1,220 803 662 -46% 1,382 677 708 -49% 237 159 208 -12% Hispanic Hispanic 1,143 1,143 864 864 723 723 -37% 37% 399 399 257 257 186 186 -53% 53% 65 65 64 64 61 61 -6% 6% fluctuated but show increases in white fluctuated, but show increases in white Other 35 55 25 -29% 34 45 23 -32% 11 26 18 64% offenders committed to prison (+15%). Total 2,484 1,813 1,500 -40% 2,143 1,177 1,119 -48% 563 523 574 2% 3

6/26/2013 Statewide Felony Drug Arrests, by Race/Ethnicity Statewide Felony Drug Indictments, by Race/Ethnicity 2008 2012 N=40,361 N=29,960 2008 2012 N=14,493 N=10,460 Other Other 1% 2% White W e Other O White 15% Other 1% 19% White 1% 16% White 21% Hispanic Hispanic 42% Hispanic 44% Hispanic 39% 42% 42% Black Black 42% 35% Black Black 44% 36% Statewide Felony Drug Commitments to Prison, • There has been a shift in the race and ethnicity by Race/Ethnicity of drug offenders who are arrested, indicted, 2008 2012 N=5,190 N=3,193 and committed. Other Other 2% % White White 1% White 13% 18% • The most notable changes are a decline in the proportion of black offenders and a higher Hispanic Hispanic proportion of white offenders. 31% 30% • The actual number of those arrested, indicted, and committed has declined across all Black Black 50% racial/ethnic categories. 55% 4

6/26/2013 NYC’s Decline in Drug Screenings Coincides with Statewide A216 Screenings for Drug Court, by Year 2008 - 2012 Drug Arrest Decline, Property Screenings Also Down 7,000 New York City A216 Screenings for Drug Court by Year: 2008 - 2012 6,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 4,000 3,000 3,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 1 000 1,000 - 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Drug 3,082 3,687 4,488 3,557 3,098 - 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Prop 1,532 1,570 1,990 1,722 1,454 Drug 2,629 2,818 2,828 2,247 1,796 Prop 1,069 923 1,059 838 560 Large County Screenings Have Been Small County Screenings Have Grown Slowly, Steady After 2010 Start-Up “Bump” Most are Property Offenders Large County A216 Screenings for Drug Court by Year Small County A216 Screenings for Drug Court, by Year: 2008 - 2012 2008 - 2012 2 500 2,500 1 000 1,000 2,000 800 1,500 600 1,000 400 500 200 - 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Drug 342 698 1,420 1,091 1,086 Drug 111 171 240 219 216 Prop 297 455 695 631 599 Prop 166 192 236 253 295 5

6/26/2013 Although Statewide Screenings Down in 2012, NYC Admissions are Down, Consistent Admissions Increased, Driven by Property with the Felony Arrest Trend Statewide A216 Drug Court Admissions by Year New York City A216 Drug Court Admissions by Year 2008 - 2012 2008 - 2012 3,000 1,200 2,500 1,000 2,000 800 1,500 600 400 1,000 1,000 200 500 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Drug 416 671 878 677 607 Drug 681 1,072 1,863 1,342 1,386 Prop 53 70 144 128 124 Prop 355 436 756 633 767 Large County Admissions Up in 2012 for Small County Increase Driven Entirely both Drug and Property Offenders by Property Offenders Large County A216 Drug Court Admissions by Year Small County A216 Drug Court Admissions by Year 2008 - 2012 2008 - 2012 1 400 1,400 350 350 1,200 300 1,000 250 800 200 600 150 400 400 100 100 200 50 0 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Drug 220 323 836 538 655 Drug 45 78 149 127 124 Prop 204 259 466 353 451 Prop 98 107 146 152 192 6

6/26/2013 Screening Outcomes 2012: Large Counties Screening Outcomes 2012: NYC N=1,700 N=2,350 Refused Program Refused Program 7% 22% No Addiction 2% Med/MH History No Addiction 4% 2% Med/MH History DA Determination Not Admitted Admitted 69% Admitted 34% Not Admitted 3% 2% 66% DA Determination 31% Legal/Case Reason 14% 7% Article 216 Hearing Legal/Case Reason 6% 17% Other Reason 5% Other Reason 5% Source: OCA Source: OCA Screening Outcomes 2012: Small Counties • Screening outcome data differ due to N=527 different processes depending on location. • NYC screens larger numbers of individuals Refused Program 8% who refuse program participation. No Addiction <1% Med/MH History 2% DA Determination 10% Not Admitted Admitted 62% 38% • The majority of cases coded “DA Legal/Case Reason 6% Determination” were dismissed outright i i ” i i i Article 216 Hearing 4% (13%) or ended in misdemeanor convictions Other Reason 8% (40%). Only 17% of cases resulted in felony convictions. Source: OCA 7