Dark Matter Freeze-in and LHC displaced signatures Alberto Mariotti - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Dark Matter Freeze-in and LHC displaced signatures Alberto Mariotti HEP@ Based on arXiv:1805.04423 with: Lorenzo Calibbi, Laura Lopez Honorez, Steven Lowette GGI workhop - Beyond Standard Model: Where do we go from here? 27 August 2018

Plan of the Talk ★ Introduction on DM simplified models ★ Recap on Weakly interactive massive particle (WIMP) ★ Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP) Beyond the WIMP paradigm ★ Displaced Signatures at the LHC ★ Interplay of FIMP displaced signatures and cosmology ★ FIMP and Displaced signatures in a minimal model Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Beyond Standard Model Physics Many fundamental questions still open … ? m e l b o Dark matter nature? r p y h c r a r e i H Force Unification ? Flavour hierarchies ? ? n o i t a fl B n a r y o I g e n e s i s ? ? Where do we go ? Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Beyond Standard Model Physics Many fundamental questions still open … ? m e l b o Dark matter nature? r p y h c r a r e i H Force Unification ? Flavour hierarchies ? ? n o i t a fl B n a r y o I g e n e s i s ? ? Where do we go ? Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Particle Dark Matter Assume Dark Matter is a new elementary particle Simplified models of Dark Matter Useful framework for pheno studies Portal Dark Sector Typically inspired by the WIMP miracle Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

WIMP miracle Dark Matter abundance through freeze-out mechanism ✦ Dark Matter annihilates into Standard Model Particles ✦ Dark Matter abundance freeze-out during cooling of universe Y (= comoving number density) 10 -4 ! ' SM DM 10 -6 ! & 10 -8 ! ( [Bernal et al . 2017] 10 -10 ! $! DM SM 10 -12 ! $% Portal 10 -14 ! $' � interaction Y eq 10 -16 ! $& !"! !"# $"! $"# %"! %"# 1 10 100 Typical weak coupling m/T Independent on cross section 100GeV ⇥ 0 . 2pb m DM initial conditions Ω h 2 ⇠ 0 . 12 ⇥ h σ v i !!! Correct abundance for weakly interacting massive particle !!! Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Probing DM at experiments WIMP-like DM is prototype of DM simplified models e.g. Neutralino dark matter in SUSY 1 Fermi Satellite 2 IceCube Three-fold way 3 Large Hadron Collider Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

WIMP under pressure MonoJet signature Limits on WIMP DM are improving continuosly Recent limits from XENON1T Dark Matter Mediator arXiv:1712.02345 New LHC results Very sensitive in 5-1000 GeV DM mass range Mediator search Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Dark Matter ZOO But possibility for Dark Matter are much vaster Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Feebly Interacting Massive Particle Dark Matter abundance through freeze-in mechanism ✦ Dark matter not in thermal equilibrium with SM bath ✦ Produced via decay or scattering of particles in thermal equilibrium Hall, Jedamzik, March-Russell, West '09 Blennow, Fernandez-Martinez, Zaldivar '13 Bernal, Heikinheimo, Tenkanen, Tuominen, Vaskonen '17 Co, D'Eramo, Hall, Pappadopulo '15 Bélanger, Cai, Desai, Goudelis, Harz, Lessa, J.No, Pukhov, Sekmen, Sengupta, Zaldivar, Zurita '18 B A Freeze-in through decay χ Standard Model bath Dark Matter A χ B Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Freeze-in through decay ★ Mother (mediator) A in thermal equilibrium ★ Mediator A decays to Dark Matter and produce it Tiny coupling 1706.07442 B A y ⌧ 1 y - 4 χ - 6 Γ - 8 Γ [ A → B χ ] ∼ y 2 log 10 Y - 10 - 12 DM Particles in thermal abundance Dark Matter - 14 equilibrium - 16 - 1.0 - 0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 log 10 x Width (lifetime) of the mediator A determines the DM abundance Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

FIMP phenomenology ✦ What is typical value of portal coupling? ✦ Can we probe FIMP DM experimentally? ◆ 2 ⇣ m DM ✓ ◆ ✓ 600 GeV Γ A FIMP Dark Matter ⌘ Ω h 2 ∼ 0 . 12 abundance 4 × 10 − 15 GeV 10 keV m A B Γ A ∼ y 2 Very small y ∼ 10 − 8 A y 8 π m A coupling !!! χ ★ Suppressed signal in direct detection ★ Suppressed signal in indirect detection Can LHC probe FIMP? Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

FIMP phenomenology ✦ Can we probe FIMP DM at LHC? YES ! To be in thermal ✦ Mediator has sizeable coupling with SM particles equilibrium ✦ Can be copiously produced at the LHC B P y A DM A B P y DM Long-lived Typical mediator decay length c τ A = 10 − 15 GeV ⇥ 19 cm . is macroscopic: Γ A EXOTIC SIGNALS @ LHC !!! equivalently mediators, , with Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

LongLived Signatures @ LHC disappearing or displaced kinked tracks multitrack vertices non-pointing (converted) photons [Figure from Heather Russell] y l n i a m displaced leptons, emerging jets t s p i lepton-jets, or m M o S lepton pairs r p trackless, low-EMF jets quasi-stable s e charged particles r u multitrack vertices in the t a w n muon spectrometer o g d l i n S h u t i o w r g k c a b 9 24 April 2017 eather Russell, McGill University Challenging but powerful Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

FIMP (decay) phenomenology ◆ 2 ⇣ Standard ✓ 5 cm ◆ ✓ 600 GeV m χ ⌘ Ω h 2 ∼ 0 . 12 Cosmology 10 keV c τ A m A history Macroscopic decay Mediator accessible Very light visible at LHC at the LHC Dark Matter m A = 600 GeV 1000 100 2 1 . 0 c t @ meter D = 10 2 Typical h Ω size for 1 detector 0.1 0.01 10 - 6 10 - 5 10 - 4 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 m c @ GeV D Light Dark Matter regime Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

FIMP (decay) phenomenology ◆ 2 ⇣ Standard ✓ 5 cm ◆ ✓ 600 GeV m χ ⌘ Ω h 2 ∼ 0 . 12 Cosmology 10 keV c τ A m A history Macroscopic decay Mediator accessible Very light visible at LHC at the LHC Dark Matter m A = 600 GeV 1000 100 2 1 Displaced dark . 0 c t @ meter D = 10 2 Typical matter at LHC h Ω size for 1 detector 0.1 0.01 WDM signatures 10 - 6 10 - 5 10 - 4 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 m c @ GeV D Light Dark Matter regime Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Dark Matter and Long-lived signatures Can we classify DM models with long-lived signatures? Some explored cases .... ✴ FIMP Hall, Jedamzik, March-Russell, West '09 Typically non thermal Co, D'Eramo, Hall, Pappadopulo '15 production ✴ SuperWIMP Feng, Rajaraman, Takayama '03 Chang, Luty '09 ✴ Asymmetric DM Kaplan, Luty, Zurek '09 Schwaller, Stolarski, Weiler '15 ✴ Pseudo-Dirac DM Davoli, De Simone, Jacques, Sanz '17 ✴ Conversion driven FO (co-annihilation) Garny, Heisig, Lülf, Vogl '17 ......................... Hall, March-Russell , West '10 Schwaller, Stolarski, Weiler '15 Hessler, Ibarra, Molinaro, Vogl '16 Buchmueller, De Roeck, McCullough, Hahn, Sung, Schwaller, Yu '17 Stolarski '17 Ghosh, Mondal, Mukhopadhyaya '18 Davolia, De Simone, Jacquesa, Morandini '18 D’Eramo, Fernandez, Profumo '18 Garny, Heisig, Hufnagel, Lülf '18 Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM Singlet Doublet Freeze In ✦ Minimal model with few extra fermionic states Mahbubani, Senatore '05 ✓ + ✓ 0 ◆ ◆ d ( u ) 2 , 1 2 = , ( d ) 2 , − 1 2 = , ( s ) 1 , 0 0 − u Improve gauge coupling unification ✦ Lagrangian coupling with the Higgs − L ⊃ µ d · u + y d d · H s + y u H † u s + 1 2 m s s s + h.c. Similar to Higgsino-Bino, but with arbitrary couplings Regime for Freeze-in | y u | , | y d | ⌧ 1 , | m s | ⌧ | µ | , Feeble yukawa eigenvalues at the first order in an couplings S i n g l e t m u c h l i g h t e r y u ≡ y sin ✓ , y d ≡ y cos ✓ . Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM Singlet Doublet Freeze In ✦ Minimal model with few extra fermionic states Mahbubani, Senatore '05 ✓ + ✓ 0 ◆ ◆ d ( u ) 2 , 1 2 = , ( d ) 2 , − 1 2 = , ( s ) 1 , 0 0 − u ✦ Lagrangian coupling with the Higgs − L ⊃ µ d · u + y d d · H s + y u H † u s + 1 2 m s s s + h.c. y u ≡ y sin ✓ , y d ≡ y cos ✓ . | m s | ⌧ | µ | y ⌧ 1 , ✦ Regime for Freeze-in: Similar to Simple Higgsino-Bino spectrum with tiny mixing Radiative corrections and decay modes Dark matter Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018

Calibbi, Lopez-Honorez, Lowette, AM Freeze-in Where is region of parameter space suitable for freeze-in ? X ! Γ [ ψ + ! W + χ 1 ] 270 M Pl Γ [ χ 3 ! B χ 1 ] Γ [ χ 2 ! B χ 1 ] X Y χ 1 = + + g ψ (1 . 66)8 π 3 g 3 / 2 m 2 m 2 m 2 χ 3 χ 2 ψ ∗ B = Z,h B = Z,h (1 Dark matter Decay width of heavy doublet components into dark matter abundance Alberto Mariotti (VUB) Singlet Doublet DM Freeze-In 27-08-2018