Convergent Communications for the Olympics: Netw ork Reliability Challenges Prepared for: WOCC 2007 NJIT Newark, NJ April 27-28, 2007 Spilios E. Makris, Ph.D. Director, Olympic Program Network Reliability & Risk Services
The Issue Growing concern from the telecom community Growing concern from the telecom community about the reliability/availability of convergent (IP- about the reliability/availability of convergent (IP- based) telecommunications networks, including based) telecommunications networks, including the services provided under failure conditions the services provided under failure conditions WOCC 2007 – 2
The Games Netw ork Challenge How to design, build, and operate a world-class network for the Olympic Games, and convince the world that the infrastructure is capable of meeting the needs of the IOC, the Organizing Committee, the National Olympic Committees, government agencies, sponsors, broadcasters, and spectators “ “Perfect Perfect Games Network” ” Games Network WOCC 2007 – 3
User-to-User Connection on an IP Netw ork (ITU-T Rec. Y.1541) IP Network Cloud NI NI TE GW GW GW GW GW GW TE . . . . . . LAN LAN Network Section Network Section Network Section End-to-End Network (Bearer Service QoS) Customer Installation Customer Installation User-to-User Connection (Teleservice QoS) NI Network Interface TE Terminal Equipment GW GateWay Protocol Stack LAN Local Area Network WOCC 2007 – 4
Role of IP Nodes in a Netw ork Section Access Distribution Core R R GW GW R R R R GW GW GateWay R Router WOCC 2007 – 5
Reliability/Availability Framew ork for IP-based Netw orks & Services � Address: – The growing concerns about the reliability/availability of IP networks – Service quality/performance under failure conditions � Define a set of metrics and guides to promote consistent: – SLAs that are rich in reliability/availability attributes – Network element reliability/availability/maintainability requirements � Discuss: – Impact of failures and operational activities (network dimensioning, traffic engineering, & capacity management) on service reliability – QoS benchmarks to define failure thresholds WOCC 2007 – 6
Framew ork Overview Option A Option N Option B (ITU-T Rec. I.350) Services View User User Applications Service Service User Provider Services … Network View Service Infrastructure Ntwk Architecture Access Info Transfer Network Elements Disengagement Transport Infrastructure Operations Failure Congestion Framework Service User-perceived Services Level Performance View Agreements Metrics Network Network Network Performance View Requirements Metrics WOCC 2007 – 7
Framew ork Application Observable • Service Denial • Subscriber Downtime • etc. Framework Bottom-up • Operations: measure Services ‘defective events’ for View Next corrective actions Generation Networks Top-down-bottom-up Network (IP-based) • Design: SLA-driven View network design & Measurable engineering • Impact • Validation: via fault • Duration s insertion for service e r u l • Frequency i a impact F Congestion Environmental Incidents Consistency across the industry WOCC 2007 – 8
Important Considerations for IP-based Services � Applications provided by IP-based service offerings experience network outages as: – Packet delay – Packet loss � Network outage impacts differ depending on: – The type of service – Extent & duration of outage � User tolerance of service impairments depends on: – Service type – Service criticality – His/her willingness to pay for the service The reliability/availability requirements may vary for multi-service, IP-based networks WOCC 2007 – 9
Measurement Business Business Drivers Drivers Reliability/Availability SLA Service User Metrics Metrics Network Architecture Equations Network Metrics Measured Failure Modes • Impact Field Reliability/ • Duration Availability • Time to failure Performance • Population WOCC 2007 – 10
Reliability/Availability-SLA Process Steps Legacy Expectations Propose Regulatory Requirements Initial Metrics Service Criticality Market Segment Propose Initial Competition R/A-SLA reqs Business Goals Assess Risk R/A-SLA Reqs Set R/A-SLA R/A-SLA R/A-SLA Template Ntwk Solution Set Network Requirements Solution Reqs WOCC 2007 – 11
Example SLA Guide for an IP-based Service Business Business Drivers Drivers Service: Service: VoIP/Data Service Access for Large Enterprise VoIP/Data Service Access for Large Enterprise SLA Requirements SLA Requirements Service User Service Activation < 24 hours Service activation < 24 hours Metrics Service Restoration < 30 min for 100% of incidents Business Service restoration < 30 min for 100% of incidents Subscriber downtime < 10 min/yr for outages >30 sec Subscriber downtime < 10 min/yr for outages >30 sec Technology averaged over one year averaged over one year Catastrophic downtime < 0 min/yr for outages >30 sec Catastrophic downtime < 0 min/yr for outages >30 sec (> 90% of users) averaged over one year (> 90% of users) averaged over one year Network Major downtime < 2 min/yr for outages >30 sec Major downtime < 2 min/yr for outages >30 sec (10-90% of users) averaged over one year Metrics (10-90% of users) averaged over one year Minor downtime < 8 min/yr for outages >30 sec Minor downtime < 8 min/yr for outages >30 sec (<10% of users) averaged over one year (<10% of users) averaged over one year WOCC 2007 – 12
Case Study: Olympic Games At Stake: “Perfect” Olympic Network for voice, data, and video Issue: Whether the future IP-based Olympic Networks will be as robust as the “traditional” TDM-based ones Migration path: From overlaid video, data, voice Olympic Networks, to “mixed” Olympic/PSTN, to IP-based Olympic Ntwks Action: Ensure the IOC, broadcasters, and other stakeholders that Olympic telecom services will not be degraded regardless of the underlying technology Resolution: Benchmark IP-based Olympic Networks and offer reliability/availability SLAs WOCC 2007 – 13
Athens 2004 Olympic Netw ork Results: Service Availability (Source: OTE) � Video : – Multilaterals: 100% – Unilaterals: 100% � WAN Games and Admin: 100% � Commentary circuits: – 4-wire circuits: 100% – 2 Mb/s circuits: 100% – WAN high-quality circuits: 100% � National & International TV circuits: 100% � CATV from IBC to TERs (Telecom. Equip. Rooms): 100% � Voice services (PSTN, Olympic VPN, ISDN-BRA, ISDN-PRA): 99.997% � Card-phones: 99.9994% � 2 Mb/s Leased lines: 99.99% � ADSL: 99.95% WOCC 2007 – 14
Industry Challenges for IP-based Netw orks & Services Case: 2010 & Beyond Olympic Netw orks � Lack of industry consistency for reliability analysis or benchmarks of IP-based networks � Need for network providers to know if what they are building will deliver the service reliability/performance required by end users � Service providers specify service availability within own network domains; end-user services delivered across multiple domains are virtually impossible to guarantee � Best-in-class reliability/availability SLAs while minimizing the cost of operations and maintenance � Coordination of efforts in different industry forums (ATIS, ITU-T, IETF, etc.) and government-sponsored activities (e.g., NRIC) WOCC 2007 – 15
To Fulfill the Promise of Service Convergence in IP-based Netw orks The industry needs a set of reliability metrics The industry needs a set of reliability metrics and terminology that are common across the and terminology that are common across the network for which individual service network for which individual service availability requirements can be specified availability requirements can be specified WOCC 2007 – 16
ATIS (PRQC) Standards & Technical Reports (TRs) on Netw ork Reliability/Survivability Published: � “Enhanced Network Survivability Performance”, T1.TR.68-2001, February 2001 � “A Reliability/Availability Framework for IP-based Networks and Services”, T1.TR.70-2001, September 2001 � “Access Availability of Routers in IP-based Networks” T1.TR.78- 2003, January 2003 Expected: � “Standard on End-to End Service Availability” (expected in 2Q2007) � “Standard on Reliability Related Metrics and Terminology for Network Solutions” (expected in 4Q2007) WOCC 2007 – 17
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