Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Civil Actions Civil Actions Civil Actions Lesson No. 13 ENV H 471 Environmental Health Regulation Winter Quarter 2004 Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Lesson Overview v Types of Civil Actions v Process v Rules of Evidence v Rules of Testimony ENV H 471: Lesson 13 2 Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Lesson Overview v Types of Civil Actions n Process n Rules of Evidence n Rules of Testimony ENV H 471: Lesson 13 3 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 1
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Types of Civil Actions Types of Civil Actions Types of Civil Actions v Torts v Civil Penalties n Damages n Punitive Damages v Injunctions n Restraining Orders n Injunctions ENV H 471: Lesson 13 4 Civil Process Civil Process Civil Process Defendant is Plaintiff files Defendant a complaint summoned to files an court in court answer Pretrial matters heard Case settled without trial ENV H 471: Lesson 13 5 Civil Process Civil Process Civil Process (Continued) (Continued) (Continued) Trial by Trial Date is Guilty verdict set judge or jury Not guilty verdict ENV H 471: Lesson 13 6 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 2
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Civil Process Civil Process Civil Process (Continued) (Continued) (Continued) Court of Appeal to Supreme Guilty verdict Appeals Court Penalty Not guilty and costs verdict assessed ENV H 471: Lesson 13 7 Rules of Evidence Rules of Evidence Rules of Evidence v Material and relevant v Hearsay v Proof n Burden of Proof n Degree of Proof ENV H 471: Lesson 13 8 Proof Proof Proof v Burden of Proof n On the plaintiff v Degree of Proof n Preponderance of the evidence ENV H 471: Lesson 13 9 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 3
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Rules of Testimony Rules of Testimony Rules of Testimony v Relevancy v Credibility n Hearsay v Authenticity n Chain of Custody ENV H 471: Lesson 13 10 Relevancy Relevancy Relevancy v The testimony must relate directly to the issues involved in the controversy ENV H 471: Lesson 13 11 Credibility Credibility Credibility v Witnesses offer the most credible evidence when: n Testifying, orally or in writing, under the solemnity of a court-administered oath n The declarant is present in court n An adversary has an opportunity to cross-examine the declarant about the truth of the matter asserted. ENV H 471: Lesson 13 12 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 4
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Hearsay Testimony Hearsay Testimony Hearsay Testimony Exceptions: v Out-of-court admissions of a party- opponent v Declarations against interest v Spontaneous declarations v Past recollections recorded v Regularly kept business records v Official written statements and certificates ENV H 471: Lesson 13 13 Authenticity Authenticity Authenticity v Tangible items offered as evi- dence must be authenticated through n testimony or n certification ENV H 471: Lesson 13 14 Cases Cases Cases v United States v. L. O. Ward , 100 S.Ct. 2636 (1980) ENV H 471: Lesson 13 15 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 5
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 U.S. v. L. O. Ward U.S. v. L. O. Ward U.S. v. L. O. Ward v Facts & Arguments n Who’s suing whom, for what? v Court History v Legal Issues n Why? v Decision v Concurrence and/or Dissent v Application ENV H 471: Lesson 13 16 Questions Questions Questions ? ? ENV H 471: Lesson 13 17 Next Lesson Next Lesson Next Lesson Agency & Personal Liability ENV H 471: Lesson 13 18 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 6
Lesson 13. Civil Actions March 11, 2004 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 v Grad: Chapter 15 — The Public Health Officer's Responsibility and Liability, pp. 231-261. v Statutes & Regulations: n 15 USC 53 - Toxic Substances Control Act §2622-2623. n 5 USCA 73 - Government Organization and Employee - Political Activities. §§7323-7325 n 18 USCA 11 - Bribery §201. n 18 USCA 93 -Lobbying §1913 ENV H 471: Lesson 13 19 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 v Required Readings: n Reading #12 - United States v. Ouelette , 11 E.R.C. 1350 (1977). n Reading #38 - Treser CD, Brown SA. Agency and Personal Liability in Environmental Health, Journal of Environmental Health , January/February, 1991. n Reading #39 - Goldsmith, Francis J., Personal Tort Liability of Environmentalists. n Reading #40 - Sikora, Vincent A., A Sanitarian's Constitutional Rights, Ohio Journal of Environmental Health , June, 1980. ENV H 471: Lesson 13 20 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 Assignment for Lesson 14 v Required Readings: n Reading #41 - Campbell v. Bellevue , 85 Wn. 2d 1, 530 P2d. 234. [Group A] n Reading #42 - In Re Grievance of Michael Yashko , 415 A.2d. 1322 (1980). [Group B] n Reading #43 - Nathanson v. United States , 14 E.R.C. 1988 (1980). [Group C] v Due: Wednesday, March 17, 2004 ENV H 471: Lesson 13 21 ENV H 471: Winter 2004 7
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