Slide 1 / 75 Slide 2 / 75 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org Chemical Reactions and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be and Energy used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, Classwork and participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course Homework materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 75 Slide 4 / 75 Term and Definition What I Remember My Questions 1. Unit Preview Classwork 2. Atom 3. Complete as much of the Graphic Organizer on the next 1. page as you can based on what you already know. For 2. Element each term you should give a definition of the term and up 3. to three other things you remember about the term. One of 1. your three may be an example of the term itself. Even if 2. you don’t think you have learned about the term before, Molecule 3. you should be able to find a definition for the term. In the last column, list any questions you still have about the 1. term. 2. Compound 3. 1. 2. Pure Substance 3. Slide 5 / 75 Slide 6 / 75 Term and What I Remember My Questions Definition 1. 2. Mixture 3. 1. Classwork #1: S ignals and Changes 2. Heterogeneous Mixture 3. 1. 2. Homogeneous Mixture 3. 1. 2. Physical Property 3. 1. 2. Chemical Property 3.
Slide 7 / 75 Slide 8 / 75 Observed Using Measured Using Signal and Example Complete the list of common signals that a change is occurring or has occurred. Phase change – Eyes because it No special tools Remember, these signals are usually based on melting loses its shape and required might change color candle wax melting OBSERVABLE PROPERTIES. Some properties will require you to use a tool such as a Phase change - thermometer or a ruler to determine how much freezing change has occurred. The first one has been Phase change – completed for you as a guide. boiling Phase change - condensing Color change Odor change Slide 9 / 75 Slide 10 / 75 Signal and Example Observed Using Measured Using Signal and Example Observed Using Measured Using Taste buds UNSAFE, NEVER TASTE Flavor change ANYTHING IN THE SCIENCE LAB Mass change Temperature change Volume change Smoke produced Density change Light produced Shape change Bubbles produced Precipitate Texture change produced Slide 11 / 75 Slide 12 / 75 For each situation, describe whether it is a Classwork #2: Classifying Physical Changes physical change or a chemical reaction and then and Chemical Reactions explain your thinking. There may be more than one correct answer depending on how you think about the situation.
Slide 13 / 75 Slide 14 / 75 Physical or Situation Thought Process Physical or Chemical Situation Thought Process Chemical It is still butter. It was Puddles Butter melting Physical change a phase change from solid to liquid evaporating Charcoal heating a Cutting your hair grill Melting silver to make jewelry Mixing sugar in water Blowing bubbles Heating sugar on the stove until it turns brown and starts smoking Melting cheese Digesting food Making cheese Breathing Slide 15 / 75 Slide 16 / 75 Physical or Situation Thought Process Chemical Bleaching your hair Classwork #3: Conservation of Mass Sharpening a knife Firework explodes Composting Slide 17 / 75 Slide 18 / 75 2 Hydrogen peroxide decomposes to give water and oxygen. 1 Are the laws of conservation of matter and conservation of mass interchangeable? Why or why not? A What part of this chemical reaction represents reactants? B What part of this chemical reaction represents products? C Explain the difference between reactants and products.
Slide 19 / 75 Slide 20 / 75 3 Is it possible to start with 25g of reactants and end 4 Consider the following equation: with 35g of products? Why or why not? AgNO 3 + FeCl 2 AgCl +HNO 3 . Are the laws of conservation of mass and matter true in the reaction? Justify your answer. Slide 21 / 75 Slide 22 / 75 5 In order to burn something in the laboratory, oxygen gas is needed. A Where does the oxygen gas come from? Homework: C onservation of Mass B Is the oxygen gas a reactant or product. Explain. Slide 23 / 75 Slide 24 / 75 6 Is it possible to start with 5g of one chemical and 7 Is conservation of mass and matter true in the 10g of another chemical and make 15g of a third reaction: AgNO 3 + HCl AgCl +HNO 3 ? Justify chemical? Explain why or why not. your answer.
Slide 25 / 75 Slide 26 / 75 8 Why is it hard to measure the amount of products produced when something burns? Classwork #4: Balancing Equations Slide 27 / 75 Slide 28 / 75 9 Draw a balanced picture equation to show 10 Draw a balanced picture equation to show individual iron atoms combining with individual individual carbon atoms combining with sulfur atoms to form iron (II) sulfide, which has individual fluorine atoms to form carbon the formula FeS. Identify the reactants and tetrafluoride which has the formula CF 4 . Identify products. the reactants and products. Slide 29 / 75 Slide 30 / 75 11 Use a chart to show that the following equation is 12 Balance the following equation: balanced:N 2 + 2O 2 2NO 2 Fe 2 O 3 + Al Al 2 O 3 + Fe A Name the reactants: A Name the reactants: B Name the products: B Name the products: C Are the properties of the products and reactants the same? Justify your answer.
Slide 31 / 75 Slide 32 / 75 13 Draw a balanced picture equation to show individual calcium atoms combining with individual phosphorus atoms to form calcium phosphide, which has the formula Ca 3 P 2 . Identify the reactants and products. Homework: Balancing Equations Slide 33 / 75 Slide 34 / 75 14 Draw a balanced picture equation to show 15 Use a chart to show that the following equation is individual gold atoms combining with individual balanced:CuOH + HF H 2 O + CuF bromine atoms to form gold (I) bromide, which has the formula AuBr. Identify the reactants and A Name the reactants: products. B Name the products: Slide 35 / 75 Slide 36 / 75 16 Balance the following equation: Li 3 P + Al AlP + Li A Name the reactants: Classwork #5: Types of Energy B Name the products:
Slide 37 / 75 Slide 38 / 75 17 Identify an example of each type of energy in the 18 Which has more energy a bus moving at 15m/s or image below. Justify your choices. a baseball moving at 15m/s? Why? A Kinetic Energy: B Chemical Potential Energy: C Electromagnetic Energy: D Thermal Energy: Slide 39 / 75 Slide 40 / 75 19 Which has more energy 5 kilograms of dynamite or 10 kilograms of dynamite? Why? Homework: Types of Energy Slide 41 / 75 Slide 42 / 75 20 What is the major type of energy of sunlight? 21 What is the major type of energy of a raindrop Why? falling from the sky? Why?
Slide 43 / 75 Slide 44 / 75 23 Which has more energy 100 calories of cookies or 22 What has more kinetic energy 10kg of bees flying at 10m/s or 10kg of birds flying at 10m/s? Why? 100 calories of popcorn? Why? Slide 45 / 75 Slide 46 / 75 Use the word/phrase bank below to fill in the Venn diagram. After using all the words in the word bank, come up with two new examples of each type of reaction and write these in the Classwork #6: Energy Changes appropriate place on the Venn diagram. Reactants Absorb have lower Burning a Heats Baking bread energy from energy than candle surroundings surroundings products Reactants Conserve Chemical Conserve Melting ice have higher mass reaction energy cubes energy than products Slide 47 / 75 Slide 48 / 75 Exothermic Endothermic Homework: Energy Changes
Slide 49 / 75 Slide 50 / 75 24 Define exothermic reactions. 25 Define endothermic reactions. Slide 51 / 75 Slide 52 / 75 26 Is boiling water an endothermic or exothermic 27 Is lighting a match an endothermic or exothermic process? Justify your answer. process? Justify your answer. Slide 53 / 75 Slide 54 / 75 28 Is baking a cake an endothermic or exothermic process? Justify your answer. Classwork #7: Temperature and Thermal
Slide 55 / 75 Slide 56 / 75 29 If you know an object’s temperature, do you know 30 What properties of a substance influence the how much thermal energy it has? Explain. amount of thermal energy it possesses? Slide 57 / 75 Slide 58 / 75 31 Which has more thermal energy, 500mL of boiling 32 What must happen to the thermal energy of a water or 250mL of boiling water? Explain your substance during deposition? Explain why. answer. Slide 59 / 75 Slide 60 / 75 33 What must happen to the thermal energy of a substance during evaporation? Explain why. Homework: Temperature and Thermal
Slide 61 / 75 Slide 62 / 75 34 Explain how two substances can be at the same 35 Explain how two substances can be at different temperature but have different amounts of temperatures but still have the same amount of thermal energy. Give an example. thermal energy. Give an example. Slide 63 / 75 Slide 64 / 75 36 Which has more thermal energy, 500g of ice or 37 What must happen to the thermal energy of a 500g of steam? Explain your answer. substance during freezing? Explain why. Slide 65 / 75 Slide 66 / 75 38 What must happen to the thermal energy of a substance during melting? Explain why. Classwork #8: Energy Flow
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