Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Chemical Thermodynamics Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical potential at arbitrary temperature and pressure. For an ideal gas: Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 2 Chemical Potential: liquid Liquids are a little more complicated.

Chemical Thermodynamics
Chemical Potential: gas Need chemical potential at arbitrary temperature  and pressure. For an ideal gas:  Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 2
Chemical Potential: liquid Liquids are a little more complicated.  Start by looking at a mixture of two different liquids.  Molar volumes:  Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 3
Gibbs-Duhem equation Total Gibbs energy  Two different expressions for dG.  Results in Gibbs-Duhem equation  Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 4
Partial molar quantities We will consider many different partial molar  quantities. Total quantity  Partial molar quantity  Sums of partial molar quantities  Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 5
Partial molar volume Partial molar volume can be determined  experimentally. Fitting a polynomial to a curve of total volume  versus molality. Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 6
Partial molar volume Given a binary liquid mixture knowing the partial  molar volume of one component gives the other. Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 7
Chemical potential For a pure substance in equilibrium liquid and gas  chemical potentials are equivalent. Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 8
Chemical potential Back to a liquid mixture.  The chemical potentials for a given component in  solution and gas phase are equal. Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 9
Chemical potential Chemical potentials of the two components are  related. Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 10
Vapor pressure diagram For an ideal solution of two volatile liquids  P-X diagram of an ideal binary solution.  Chemical Thermodynamics CEM 484 11

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