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Dec 23, 2023 •427 likes •587 views

Characters, Strings and Symbols Damien Cassou, Stphane Ducasse and Luc Fabresse W6S07 http://www.pharo.org What You Will Learn Characters Strings: a collection of characters Symbols: unique strings W6S07 2 / 15 Characters

  1. Characters, Strings and Symbols Damien Cassou, Stéphane Ducasse and Luc Fabresse W6S07 http://www.pharo.org

  2. What You Will Learn � Characters � Strings: a collection of characters � Symbols: unique strings W6S07 2 / 15

  3. Characters � Characters: ◦ $F , $Q $U $E $N $T $i $N � Unprintable characters: ◦ Character space , Character tab , Character cr W6S07 3 / 15

  4. ’Strings’ Delimited by ’ 'eclair au chocolat' 'eclair au chocolat' size > 18 Character space split: 'eclair au chocolat' > an OrderedCollection('eclair' 'au' 'chocolat') W6S07 4 / 15

  5. A String: a Collection of Characters 'eclair au chocolat' at: 1 > $e 'eclair au chocolat' do: [:each | Transcript show: each ; cr ] W6S07 5 / 15

  6. Quote in Strings � To add a quote in a string with just type it twice 'L''eclair au chocolat' � Pay attention there is only one element 'L''eclair au chocolat' at: 2 > $' 'L''eclair au chocolat' at: 3 > $e W6S07 6 / 15

  7. Getting the Last Char | str | str := 'Tiramisu'. str at: str size > $u str last > $u W6S07 7 / 15

  8. Ways to Obtain a String #mac asString > 'mac' 12 printString >'12' String with: $A W6S07 8 / 15

  9. For Concatenation Use , 'Calvin' , ' & ', 'Hobbes' > 'Calvin & Hobbes' W6S07 9 / 15

  10. Take Care With , Message comma #, copies strings so multiple concatenations can generate useless intermediate versions 'Calvin' , ' & ', 'Hobbes' > 'Calvin & Hobbes' � Benchmark it � If this is worth, use a stream to avoid creating multiple intermediary strings String streamContents: [ :s | s nextPutAll: 'Calvin'; nextPutAll: ' & '; nextPutAll: 'Hobbes' ] W6S07 10 / 15

  11. Symbols � #calvin is a symbol � A kind of string � Unique in the system � Starts with # ◦ #class #mac #at:put: #+ #accept: W6S07 11 / 15

  12. Symbols are Unique Two symbols with the same representation points to the same object #calvin == #calvin > true Two strings with the same representation may be different objects depending on compiler optimisations W6S07 12 / 15

  13. Symbols vs. Strings � A symbol is a read-only and unique object � A string is a mutable object (for now) � Symbols are used as method selectors � Symbols are good candidates for identity based dictionaries ( IdentityDictionary ) W6S07 13 / 15

  14. What You Should Know � Strings are collections of characters � Symbols are unique immutable strings W6S07 14 / 15

  15. A course by and in collaboration with Inria 2016 Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 France https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/fr/

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