15/09/2016 Spatial and temporal pollution patterns in western Baltic Sea sediments Dennis Bunke Thomas Leipe, Olaf Dellwig, Marion Abraham, Matthias Moros & Helge W. Arz dennis.bunke@io-warnemuende.de
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Introduc oduction: ion: Baltic c Sea Surrounded by 9 highly industrialised countries Anthropogenic impact by commercial use (fishery, maritime traffic & constructions) Industry & agriculture still main sources of contamination through river discharge & air pollution (HELCOM, 2011) Heavy metals (e.g., Hg, Pb, Zn) Organic pollutants (e.g., PCBs, PAHs, organotin compounds) Artificial radionuclides (e.g., 137 Cs, 241 Am) 2 (HELCOM, 2006)
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Introduc oduction: ion: Pollution ution history Eastern Gotland Basin: Only reasonable in areas with continuous sedimentation and limited post-depositional disturbance (like Gotland Basin) 3
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Study dy area: Western n Baltic c Sea Shallow mud basins (up to 50 m deep) esp. influenced by storms and saline water inflows EMB058/ 58/6-2 WD: 42 m m Data source: iowtopo2, Seifert et al. (2001) 4
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Pollut ution on reconst struc uction on EMB058/6-2 Arkona Basin: WD: 42 m Mono- & diorganotin compounds as stabilising additive in PVC (1940ies) Tributyltin (TBT) in antifouling paints for marine vessels (1960ies) TBT accumulates in marine organisms and causes endocrine disorders, e.g., in molluscs 1989: ban for boats < 25 m 2008: total ban UV photolysis and microbial activity degrades TBT to DBT and Master’s thesis of Lina Westphal (2015) MBT (half-live of up to 10 years in sediments) 5
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Study dy area: Mecklenbur nburg Bight Strong wind and wave induced resuspension and sediment transport EMB058/ 58/2-2 WD: 22 m Data source: iowtopo2, Seifert et al. (2001) 6
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Pollut ution on reconst struc uction on EMB058/2-2 Mecklenburg Bight: WD: 22 m Nearly parallel profiles due to biological and physical sediment mixing processes General pollution trends and inventory calculations 7
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Study dy area: Arkona na Basin Direct anthropogenic impact by bottom trawling EMB058/ 58/15 15-2 WD: 46 m Data source: iowtopo2, Seifert et al. (2001) 8
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Pollut ution on reconst struc uction on EMB058/15-2 Arkona Basin: WD: 46 m No decline towards surface due to strong (anthropogenic?) sediment mixing processes 9
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Recent pollut ution on SECOS: The service of sediments in German coastal seas (e.g., storage of contaminants) Geochemical mapping of surface sediments (0-2 cm) 10
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Recent pollut ution: on: Mercury Dumping sites in Mecklenburg Bight (smelter waste) and Arkona Basin (presumably from WWII) Geochemical “aureoles” indicate general sediment transport from west to east 11
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Recent pollut ution: on: Mercury Oder Lagoon acts as stopover of pollutants from former highly polluted Oder River Ongoing transport of (old) contaminated material from Oder Lagoon to open Baltic Sea 12
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Recent pollut ution: on: Zinc Similar patterns for other heavy metals 13
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Recent pollut ution: on: Organot otin n compounds ounds Highest concentrations near local Hg hot spots in MB and AB 14
Spatia ial l and tempora oral pollut ution on patterns ns 15/09/2016 Concl clusi usion on Anthropogenic induced contaminants provide insights into pollution history since pre-industrial times Parallel Hg and 137 Cs measurements useful to assess suitability of event stratigraphy and 210 Pb dating for certain sediment cores Sediments from western Baltic Sea basins only partly suitable for dating due to natural and anthropogenic sediment mixing processes Dumping sites appearing as hot spots surrounded by aureoles of contaminated material General sediment transport from west to east Contaminated sediments from the Oder Lagoon still source of pollution Tha hank nk you u for r your ur at atte tent ntio ion! 15
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