Aquaculture aspects and future demand for seafood in China Haijin LIU 劉 海金 Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 中国水産科学研究院 1
Under saturated development of the fishery resources in the world, why FAO has still confidence in the fishery development? � 《Responsible Fishery Action Regulation》 � World aquaculture development � Practices in China
Report Directory 1 China aquaculture situation � 1.1 aquaculture situation 1.2 basic points 1.3 main issues 2 Future demand of Chinese seafood � 2.1 demand prognosticate 2.2 approach of increase 3 China aquaculture policy � 3.1 policy review 3.2 current policy 4 Conclusions � 3
1. China aquaculture situation � 1.1 Situation � 1.2 Basic points � 1.3 Main issues 4
Seafood production in China and World 10000 tons 16000 其他国家水产品总量 14000 中国水产品总量 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Year 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 Resource ： FAO Statistics （ 1950-2008 ） 5
China seafood production （ 1950-2008 ） 5000 淡养殖水 4500 淡水捕捞 4000 海水养殖 3500 ooooton 海水捕捞 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 年份 Resource ： China fishery yearbook （ 1950-2008 年） 6
2008 Production 2008 China national aquaculture production 48960000 Tons 5% 2% Sea water aquaculture: 13400000 tons 海水养殖 27% Freshwater aquaculture : 淡水养殖 23% 海洋捕捞 20730000 ton 远洋渔业 Marine fishing:11500000 tons 淡水捕捞 43% Ocen fishing: 1080000 tons Freshwater fishing: 2250000 tons 7
China aquaculture area hektare 6000000 海水养殖 5000000 淡水养殖 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0 1988 1998 2008 Resource ： China fishery yearbook (1988 ， 1998 ， 2008) 8
Vessel number 2008 Vessls:1039400 Motor vessels: 630600 8284100 tons 19507300 KW Ocean vessels 1462 784403 KW 9
China ocean fishery situation Ton 1600000 远洋渔业总产量 1400000 远洋渔业鱼产量 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 199619971998 199920002001 2002200320042005 200620072008 Year Resource ： China fishery statistic yearbook （ 1996-2008 ） 10
Seafood international trade （ 1950-2008 ） ,000 $ 10000000 9000000 8000000 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 0 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 Export Import Resource ： FAO statistics （ 1976-2008 ） 11
2008 international trade value 2008 Foreign trade 6848000 tons 16.02 billion us# Export:2965000 tons 10.61 billion us# Import 3884000 tons 5.4 billion us# Surplus:5.21billion us# 出口（万吨） 进口（万吨） 12
Proportion of seafood in animal protein Fish 鱼 Fish 鱼 31.67 ％ 26.24% Meat 肉 Meat 肉 39.01% 45.71 ％ 3706.2 3706.2 Egg 蛋 Egg 蛋 Milk 奶 Milk 奶 20.27% 14.48 16.40 ％ 6 ％ 2000 年 , 3706ton 2000 年 , 4896ton 13
China fishery population Person 18000000 海洋渔业人口 16000000 淡水渔业人口 14000000 12000000 10000000 8000000 6000000 4000000 2000000 0 3 3 5 5 7 7 9 9 1 1 3 3 5 5 7 7 9 9 1 1 3 3 5 5 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Year Fishery population: 20961300 Resource: China fishery yearbook （ 1983-2008 ） 14
Fishmen’s income （ 1950-2008 ） ,0000 RMB 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007Year Average net income per Average net income per person Labour Resource ： China fishery yearbook （ 1979-2008 ） 15
With the conversion from fishing to aquaculture, production manner has been improved, and yield has been increased, living standard of fishmen and social civilization has been promoted. 16
Nature ecosystem Sun energy, nutrition salt plankton trash fish high-value fish 17
18 Complex aquaculture of scallop and kept
New ecosystem: aquaculture system Sun energy, nutrition salt plankton fish 19
China freshwater aquaculture production Non-feeding fish Feeding fish 843.5, 930.5, 48% 52% freshwater aquaculture roduction: 17740000 tons （ China fishery yearbook ， 2003 ） 20
中国海水养殖产量构成 Chinese aquaculture production structure fish4% scallop85 alga12% % 51.9 985 138.4 seawater aquaculture production: 11740000 tons （ China fishery yearbook ， 2003 ） 21
1.2 China aquaculture basic characteristics 1.2.1 aquaculture production persistent increasing and its price stably decreasing; 1.2.2 many plankton and phytophagous animals ； 1.2.3 large aquaculture area and many aquaculture means; 1.2.4 advanced aquaculture technology, long history and three-dimensional ecological aquaculture ； 1.2.5 support from government ： conservation policy ， fish pond standard rehabilitation ， tax free ， subsidy etc. 22
1.3 Main issues of China aquaculture 1. Environment pollution 2. Reduction of resources: space, water, feed etc. 3. Sea food safety: water, pesticide etc. 4. Limited scientific technology （ utilization of cold water and lake ） 23
Pollutions increasing P N 24
China fishery pollution accidents No. of accidents 000, hectare per year 1600 35 污染次数 1400 污染面积 30 1200 25 1000 20 800 15 600 10 400 5 200 0 0 2004 2006 2008 Resource ： China fishery environment gazette （ 2004 ， 2006 ， 2008 ） 25
2000-2010 China aquaculture feed production 26
Sea food safety � Domestic: turbot accident: pesticide index exceed, no body buy ， 10000 tons production wasted, lost 1 billion Yuan, 3 years being recovered � International: 27
Report Directory � 1 China aquaculture situation 1.1 aquaculture situation 1.2 basic points 1.3 main issues � 2 Future demand of Chinese seafood 2.1 China sea food consumption survey 2.2 China sea food demand � 3 China aquaculture policy 3.1 policy review 3.2 current policy � 4 Conclusions 28
2 China sea food future demand � 2.1 China sea food consumption survey � 2.2 China sea food demand � 2.2 Approaches of increasing China sea food 29
2.1 Current consumption survey 1990-2003 average sea food consumption per person per year （ kg ） 水产品 25 猪肉 家禽 20 鲜蛋 消费量（公斤） 15 10 5 0 年份 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Resource ： China agriculture statistics yearbook （ 1990-2003 ） 30
2.2 Sea food demand Population expect (000000000person) 18 16 14 人 口 预 测 （ 亿 人 ） 东部 12 中部 10 西部 8 总计 6 4 2 0 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 年份 Resource ： Shanghai Fishery University project ， 2000 31
Consumption per person (kg) 70 东部 65.6 中部 60 人 均 消 费 量 预 测 （ 公 斤 ） 西部 50 总计 42.85 40 37.1 36.23 30 29.61 27.59 24.34 24.3 20 20.6 19.03 16.9 16.17 13.7 13.32 10 10.47 8.64 2.6 1.62 1.09 0 0.75 2000 2005 2010 2015 2030 年份 Resource ： Shanghai Fishery University project ， 2000 32
Sea food demand （ million tons ） 东部 70 中部 中国水产品需求量（百万吨） 59390000 tons 60 西部 总计 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000 2005 2010 2015 2030 年份 Resource ： Shanghai Fishery University project ， 2000 33
Demand prognostication （ Zhu Xinkai equation ） ,0000 tons 6000 城 乡 居 民 食 用 水 产 5000 品 预 测 值 4000 加 工 工 业 原 料 消 费 预 测 值 3000 出 口 预 测 值 2000 1000 损 耗 预 测 值 year 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 34
Result of prognostication � Population: 2030: 1.46 billion � Consumption per person ： 2030: 37.1kg/year/person � Demand: 2030: 59390000 tons � Production: 2030: 56860000 tons 35
Report Directory 1 China aquaculture situation � 1.1 aquaculture situation 1.2 basic points 1.3 main issues 2 Future demand of Chinese seafood � 2.1 demand prognosticate 2.2 approach of increase 3 China aquaculture policy � 3.1 policy review 3.2 current policy 4 Conclusions � 36
3.1 China aquaculture policy review Three phases ： � 1955-1985 ， fishing in nature resources; � 1985-2000 ， aquaculture being more popular and new fishery development policy being established; � 2000-2009 ， paying attention to sustainable development, resource and environment protection; “resource conservation + quality & benefit” modern fishery being put forward. 37
3.2 Current aquaculture policy 1. Persist in conservation policy, promote healthy aquaculture, ensure sustainable development of fishery; 2. Improve management, ensure sea food safety; 3. Enhance resources conservation, increase enhancement and delivery activities, ensure sustainable utilization of resources; 4. Strengthen scientific studies, elevate ability of resources utilization and aquaculture technology. 38
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