ESA/STAT/AC.142.19 UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS FOR AFRICA STATISTICS DIVISION International Workshop on Country Practices in Compilation of International Merchandise Trade Statistics, 12-16 November 2007, Addis Ababa Country Presentation Statistics Turkey Item 11: Coverage and time of recording
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Inward and Outward Processing in Turkey b y Bülent TUNGUL MEDSTAT II - Workshop in Addis Ababa: Country Practices in Compilation of International Merchandise Trade Statistics 12-16 November 2007 13/10/2007 1 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Outline � Introduction � Customs Procedure Codes (CPCs) � Statistical Procedure Codes (SPCs) � Nature of Transaction � Inward Procedure (IPR) � Outward Procedure (OPR) � Encountered Problems 2 External Trade Statistics Team 1
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Introduction � Turkey joined the Customs Union with the EU in 1996. � Customs practices are harmonized with EU. � Turkey is member of a number of international conventions, such as the revised Kyoto Convention, the Convention on Harmonised System � Customs in Turkey has a comprehensive computer system, BILGE, in place for customs control and trade facilitation. This system into a web-based technology. EDI system is used more comman. 99% of declaration are electronic. � TURKSTAT is responsible for producing and dissemination of external trade statistics � Special trade system (Relaxed definitation) 3 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute C ustoms P rocedure C odes (CPC) � The Customs Procedure Codes (CPCs) identify the customs and/or excise regimes to which goods are being entered and from which they have been removed (where this applies). � The CPC is completed at export as well as import. 4 External Trade Statistics Team 2
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Main Customs Procedures 1) Release for free Circulation (Importation) 2) Transit 3) Customs Warehousing 4) Inward Processing 5) Processing under customs control 6) Temporary Admission 7) Outward Processing 8) Export 5 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute S tatistical P rocedure C odes (SPC) SPC Exports Imports 0 Exclusion Exclusion 1 Normal Normal 3 for outward processing after outward processing 5 after inward processing, suspension system for inward processing, suspension system 6 after inward processing, drawback system for inward processing, drawback system 7 for economic outward processing for textiles after economic outward processing for textiles 6 External Trade Statistics Team 3
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Nature of Transaction � Nature of transaction codes are useful mainly for adjusting data for BOP and National Accounts purposes, to exclude certain movements and for data checking (e.g. processing) 41 Operations with a view to processing under contract 42 Operations with a view to repair and maintenance against payment 51 Operations following processing under contract 52 Operations following repair and maintenance against payment 7 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Responsible Bodies in Turkey � Under Secretariat for Customs � Under Secretariat for Foreign Trade � General Secretariats of Exporters Union � TURKSTAT 8 External Trade Statistics Team 4
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Inward Processing � The inward processing procedure makes it possible to import goods temporarily so that they can be processed (assembling, manufacturing, transforming) or repair) and then to export the resulting compensating products, while benefiting from an exemption from import duties or taxes which would be carried out under the trade policy normally applicable to imported goods. � The aim of the Inward Processing regime is to enable exporters to supply raw materials, intermediate unfinished goods for the production of their exports without being subject to customs duties, including VAT. The customs duties or other relevant charges are not applied when the goods are exported to a third country. � Goods that are not to be evaluated in accordance with this regime are animals, fishes, goods causing environmental pollution. � Period of Authorization is at most 12 months in respect of sectors. In some exceptional cases, it can be more than 12 months. 9 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Inward Processing Inward processing can be classified by two main types of systems � The Suspension System � Equivalent goods � The Drawback System 10 External Trade Statistics Team 5
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Procedure of Inward Processing Foreign Country or Foreign Free Zone Goods others * Imports Turkey duties taxes Customs Territory Foreign Value Goods Added Two options: 1.- duty free in entry (suspension sys.) National Market 2.- reimbursement in exit (drawback sys.) 11 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Inward Processing Data are available separately on: � Imports for inward processing (suspension system) � Imports for inward processing (drawback system) � Exports after inward processing (suspension system). � Exports after inward processing (drawback system) 12 External Trade Statistics Team 6
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Outward Processing � Outward processing makes it possible to export goods temporarily for processing and to import the compensating products with a full or partial exemption from duties and levies. 13 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Procedure of Outward Processing Foreign Country or Goods Value Free Zone Added Turkey Customs Territory Partial Partial Imports others Goods in free duties taxes circulation 14 External Trade Statistics Team 7
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Outward Processing Data are available separately on: � Exports for outward processing � Exports for outward processing for textiles � Imports after outward processing � Imports after outward processing for textiles 15 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Chart-1 Share of Customs Procedure Codes in Turkey's Exports - 2006 60% 51% 50% 45% 40% Share (%) 30% 20% 10% 3% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3151 1000 1040 2100 1042 3153 2151 1072 1073 1091 2123 3141 3152 2153 Customs Procedure Codes Share (%) Chart-2 Share of Customs Procedure Codes in Turkey's Imports - 2006 80% 68% 70% 60% Share (%) 50% 40% 30% 17% 20% 12% 10% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 4000 4071 5100 5171 5300 4010 4053 6121 6321 6771 5121 9100 9171 4100 5271 5123 5200 4171 Customs Procedure Codes 16 External Trade Statistics Team 8
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Trade by SPCs Value: M$ SPC Exports Share% Imports Share% Difference 0 Exluding 1,804 2.1 21,171 13.2 1 Normal 41,415 47.4 120,594 75.0 380 3 Outward PR 563 0.6 183 0.1 24,758 5 Inward PR (Suspension) 43,557 49.9 18,799 11.7 6 Inward PR (DrawBack) 0 0.0 1 0.0 7 Economic Outward for textiles 0 0.0 0 0 Total 87,339 100.0 160,747 100.0 17 External Trade Statistics Team Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Encountered Problems � Statistical value is not always gross value � Errors in the nature of transaction codes � Goods for processing for BOP definition not recorded separately � How can ownership of the goods be recorded? 18 External Trade Statistics Team 9
Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute Thank you for your attention! 19 External Trade Statistics Team 10
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