Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model for Emergency Vehicles Using Automotive Networking Yilang Wu, William Putnam, Junbo Wang, Zixue Cheng { y-wu, m5201152, j-wang, z-cheng } @u-aizu.ac.jp Computer Networks Laboratory Graduate School of Computer Engineering University of Aizu December 8th, 2016 Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 1 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Outline Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design Discussion Conclusion Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 2 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Introduction • Automotive Networking • Internet of Things • In-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 3 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Introduction • Automotive Networking • Internet of Things • In-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems • Emergency Communication • Emergency Situations • Availability of Commonly-used Network Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 3 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Introduction • Automotive Networking • Internet of Things • In-vehicle infotainment (IVI) systems • Emergency Communication • Emergency Situations • Availability of Commonly-used Network • Scenario of IVI-based Local Emergency Awareness Global Emergency Awareness Local Emergency Awareness Share an Share an Global Network Internet Emergency Emergency Emergency Failure, Report Report Awareness e.g.: based on Cloud when Computing Base Station Fails Exchanging Emergency Information Share an Emergency Report Vehicle Ad hoc Network Local Emergency Awareness Base Station Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 3 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Related Work • Automotive Networks • VANET [3] → Vehicular ad-hoc Network • opportunistic networks [8] → intermediate node serves as a bridge Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 4 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Related Work • Automotive Networks • VANET [3] → Vehicular ad-hoc Network • opportunistic networks [8] → intermediate node serves as a bridge • IVI-based Networking • multiple sensors and control units → integrated • connectivity challenges → remains Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 4 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Related Work • Automotive Networks • VANET [3] → Vehicular ad-hoc Network • opportunistic networks [8] → intermediate node serves as a bridge • IVI-based Networking • multiple sensors and control units → integrated • connectivity challenges → remains • Emergency Response • prospective approaches → big data analysis • difficulty → data collection and computation resources Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 4 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Related Work • Automotive Networks • VANET [3] → Vehicular ad-hoc Network • opportunistic networks [8] → intermediate node serves as a bridge • IVI-based Networking • multiple sensors and control units → integrated • connectivity challenges → remains • Emergency Response • prospective approaches → big data analysis • difficulty → data collection and computation resources • Environment Monitoring • hard to handle → foreseeable rise of population and vehicles [2] Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 4 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Model Design - Message Unit LOCATION EMERGENCY CONTENT VEHICLE_ID TIMESTAMP (COORD) EMG_STATUS PRIORITY Figure: Message Unit of Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model • VEHICLE ID → each vehicle has its own Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 5 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Model Design - Message Unit LOCATION EMERGENCY CONTENT VEHICLE_ID TIMESTAMP (COORD) EMG_STATUS PRIORITY Figure: Message Unit of Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model • VEHICLE ID → each vehicle has its own • TIMESTAMP → date-time of the message when initialized Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 5 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Model Design - Message Unit LOCATION EMERGENCY CONTENT VEHICLE_ID TIMESTAMP (COORD) EMG_STATUS PRIORITY Figure: Message Unit of Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model • VEHICLE ID → each vehicle has its own • TIMESTAMP → date-time of the message when initialized • LOCATION → location of an incident Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 5 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Model Design - Message Unit LOCATION EMERGENCY CONTENT VEHICLE_ID TIMESTAMP (COORD) EMG_STATUS PRIORITY Figure: Message Unit of Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model • VEHICLE ID → each vehicle has its own • TIMESTAMP → date-time of the message when initialized • LOCATION → location of an incident • Emergency Content • EMG STATUS → hex code for general messages • PRIORITY → emergency level of the message Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 5 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Model Design - Connection Cases Case 2: the connection continues. Case 0: has not established a Case 3: become connection. disconnected. Moving Case 1: newly establish a connection. automotive connectable range Figure: Four Connection Cases of Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 6 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Algorithm Design - Message Transmitting r avgtrans r S Legend S Commu- nication Message Forward but Driving Vehicle with Connect Forward Vehicle Range Forarding rejected Forward Road Fence Source -able -able Message Vehicle Vehicle Figure: Message Transmitting via Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 7 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Algorithm Design - Travel Distance t life / t avgtrans � R = max r avgtrans × s i , (1) i =1 where s i ∈ 0 , 1 and r avgtrans ≤ r Table: Description of Parameters R the total distance that a message has traveled in its lifetime t life the life-time of a message, which is proportional to its priority t average the average time for one peer-to-peer transmission r the broadcasting radius from a given creation node r avgtrans the average radius of successful message transmission the variable represents a binary value (0 or 1) determining if a message s i attempt was truly successful at each peer-to-peer transmission Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 8 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Algorithm Design - Sequential Diagram Emergency Node_A Node_B Node_X 1. An emergency e1 occurs nearby Node A 2. Create an emergency message msg_e1 3. Node A scans for nodes nearby 4. Node B keeps on listening, and response to Node A 's scanning with proximity 5. Node B is found as the first candidate 6. Node B is added to Node A 's receiver nearby Node A message forwarding list 7. Node A sets a connection with Node B , sends msg_e1 towards B, then terminates the connection 8. Node B keeps on listening, 9. Node B forward msg_e1 and verifies msg_e1 if it is properly received. to its another candidate Node X except Node A Figure: Sequential Diagram of Message Broadcasting Process Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 9 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Discussion - Relevance of the Model • Strengths • Promptness → message transfer is immediate Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 10 / 18
Introduction Related Work Model Design Algorithm Design University of Aizu Discussion Conclusion Discussion - Relevance of the Model • Strengths • Promptness → message transfer is immediate • Reliability → this network works when regular networks fail Y. Wu el. December 8th, 2016 A Wireless Peer-to-Peer Broadcast Model 10 / 18
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