A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I marcoriv@utalca.cl M. Rivera , P. Wheeler, A. Olloqui February 17, 2016

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Outline Outline 1 Introduction 2 Classical Modulation and Control Techniques for MCs 3 Principle of Predictive Control in MCs 4 Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters 5 Conclusions

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Introduction Background: Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) Features � Absence of a dc-link storage element i A � Output voltage with arbitrary S Aa S Ab S Ac frequency and magnitude (limited to a i B maximum 86.66% of the input voltage) S Ba S Bb S Bc i C � Unity displacement factor (DPF) on input side S Ca S Cb S Cc i a i b i c � Bidirectional power flow control capability

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Introduction Background: Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) Mathematical Model Output voltage: i A v o = T ( S ij ) v i S Aa S Ab S Ac Input current: i B i i = T ( S ij ) T i o S Ba S Bb S Bc i C where T is the transfer matrix S Ca S Cb S Cc   S Aa S Ba S Ca i a i b i c T ( S ij ) = S Ab S Bb S Cb   S Ac S Bc S Cc

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Introduction Background: Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) Restrictions i A � Input phases cannot be short circuited S Aa S Ab S Ac i B � Output phases cannot be open circuited S Ba S Bb S Bc i C S Ay + S By + S Cy = 1 , ∀ y = a , b , c S Ca S Cb S Cc i a i b i c

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Classical Modulation and Control Techniques for MCs Modulation and Control Methods for Matrix Converters Scalar Pulse Width Direct Torque Direct Power Model Predictive Others Techniques Modulation Control Control Control The most used techniques nowadays are Venturini, carrier-based pulse width modulation (CB-PWM), space vector modulation (SVM) and direct torque con- trol (DTC).

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Principle of Predictive Control in MCs Modulation and Control Methods for Matrix Converters Scalar Pulse Width Direct Torque Direct Power Model Predictive Others Techniques Modulation Control Control Control � Advanced techniques that simplify the complexity of MC control � (MPC) technique is reliable and fast performance in both steady and transient states

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Principle of Predictive Control in MCs Method � Mathematical model of the ac controlled system to predict in k , its Source behavior at k + 1. v s Filter � A cost function g ( k + 1) is defined v i for selecting an optimal state of the power converter. S Aa ... S Cc Cost Matrix i ∗ o Function Converter Minimization � g ( k + 1) contains the differences i p o ( k + 1) between the reference and the i o prediction of the variables being Predictive Model v o controlled. R o Load L o � Many other nonlinearities can be included such as switching frequency.

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Principle of Predictive Control in MCs 6 3 0 −3 i a −6 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 200 100 0 v a −100 −200 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Other topologies of Matrix Converters → There are several topologies of MCs � Main differences given by the number of switches, operation constraints and applications � Main advantages of different topologies ♣ Increment of the output voltage range ♣ Reduction of switching frequency harmonics, losses and common mode voltage � Predictive control has been applied to some of these topologies

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) i A � The most common and used topology S Aa S Ab S Ac i B � Challenges ♣ Safe commutation of the switches S Ba S Bb S Bc i C ♣ Modulation of the converter ♣ High sampling frequency (27 S Ca S Cb S Cc switching states) i a i b i c

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) ac Source � Predictive current control (PCC) v s Filter ♣ Applied for motor drives and grid interconnection applications v i S Aa ... S Cc Cost Matrix ⋆ Amplitude and phase control of i ∗ o Function Converter input currents Minimization ⋆ Reduction of distortions due to i p o ( k + 1) input filter resonances i o Predictive v o Model ⋆ Reduction of switching losses and frequency R o Load L o

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Direct Matrix Converter (DMC) i A � The most important contribution S Aa S Ab S Ac i B ♣ Simplicity for the safe operation of the DMC S Ba S Bb S Bc ⋆ Complex transformation and i C modulations are not needed ⋆ Capability to use all available S Ca S Cb S Cc switching states i a i b i c ♣ Effective alternative to control power converters

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Three-to-five leg Matrix Converter i A � Applications S Aa S Ab S Ac S Ax S Ay ♣ Defense i B ♣ Hospitals ♣ Ship propulsions S Ba S Bb S Bc S Bx S By i C ♣ Traction drives ♣ Aircraft applications S Ca S Cb S Cc S Cx S Cy i a i b i c i d i e

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Three-to-five leg Matrix Converter i A � Main challenges S Aa S Ab S Ac S Ax S Ay ♣ Large number of i B available switching states (243) S Ba S Bb S Bc S Bx S By ♣ Three-dimensional i C modulation and transformations are S Ca S Cb S Cc S Cx S Cy avoided i a i b i c i d i e

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Indirect matrix converter (IMC) - common emitter i dc � Characteristics S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 ♣ Two-stage matrix i A i a converter ♣ Almost the same i B i b v dc > 0 features of the DMC i C i c ♣ Zero dc-link current commutation strategy S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 S i 4 S i 6 S i 2 Reduction of commutation ⋆ losses Increment of the efficiency of ⋆ the converter

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Indirect matrix converter (IMC) - common collector i dc � Characteristics S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 ♣ Two-stage matrix i A i a converter ♣ Almost the same i B i b v dc > 0 features of the DMC i C i c ♣ Zero dc-link current commutation strategy S i 4 S i 6 S i 2 S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 Reduction of commutation ⋆ losses Increment of the efficiency of ⋆ the converter

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Indirect matrix converter (IMC) - common emitter i dc � Challenges S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 ♣ Seventy-two switching i A i a states ♣ A positive dc-link i B i b v dc > 0 voltage must be i C i c ensured ♣ Unity displacement S i 4 S i 6 S i 2 S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 power factor operation

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Indirect matrix converter (IMC) - common emitter i dc � Applications S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 ♣ Motor drives in i A i a military, aerospace and renewable energy i B i b v dc > 0 applications i C i c ♣ Mitigation of resonances S i 4 S i 6 S i 2 S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 ♣ Shunt active power filters (fast dynamic response)

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Sparse Matrix Converter (SMC) i dc � Characteristics S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 ♣ Functionally-equivalent i a i A to conventional IMC ♣ Reduced number of i B i b v dc > 0 switches (12 IGBTs) i C i c ♣ Zero dc-link current commutation S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 S i 4 S i 6 S i 2

A Review of Predictive Control Techniques for Matrix Converters - Part I Predictive Control in Different Topologies of Matrix Converters Matrix Converter Topologies → Sparse Matrix Converter (SMC) i dc � Challenges S i 1 S i 3 S i 5 S r 1 S r 3 S r 5 ♣ Generation of i a i A maximum dc-link voltage i B i b v dc > 0 ♣ Maintaining sinusoidal i C i c input currents ♣ Unity displacement S r 4 S r 6 S r 2 S i 4 S i 6 S i 2 power factor