A HEALTHY FUTURE FOR OUR STUDENTS & SCHOOLS: EXERCISE, ACHIEVEMENT, NEUROSCIENCE, EVIDENCE ASBA-ASA Conference, December 10, 2015 2:45pm-3:35pm Contact: Scott Turner scott.turner@edunuity.org 602-513-0028
Introductions 2 • Gail Knight , Board President, Balsz SD • Jeff Smith , Superintendent, Balsz School District • Jennifer Schroeder , Board Member, Stanfield SD • Melissa Sadorf , Superintendent, Stanfield SD • Keri Schoeff , PE/PA Specialist, ADE • Scott Turner , President & Founder, Edunuity
Agenda 3 • Introductions • USA & AZ Context • AZ School Examples • Research Evidence & Neuroscience • Implementation / Next Steps
AZ State Spending: 2002 vs 2012 Less educating, more medicating 4 4 60% 53% 48% 50% 40% Education 30% Health 19% 20% 15% 10% 0% Notes: % of budget. References: Azleg.gov: AZ Joint Legislative Budget Committee 2013: General fund operating budget spending. Fiscal years 1979-2014. JBLC, 2014: Other appropriated fund operating budget spending: Fiscal years 1989-2014. (Health: AHCCCS + ADHS + Veterans Services; Welfare: DES; Prisons: Dept. of Corrections incl. Juvenile Corrections. )
Increasing Obesity/Unfitness AZ nearing US levels & higher % starting in childhood 5 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% Adult Obesity Child Obesity (teens) 15% 21% 10% 15% 5% 5% 0% 1980 (US) 2013 (AZ) 2012 (US) Notes: AZ YRBS, 2003-2013 shows no linear or quadratic change in adolescent obesity or overweight, but there may be self-reporting issues, since students report their own height & weight from memory. References: Adolescents: Ogden et al, 2010 (1976-80=1980); National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2011: With Special Features on Socioeconomic Status and Health. Hyattsville, MD, USDHHS, 2012 (mean); AZ YRBS, 2013: Hispanic/Latino adolescents; Adults: Ibid + CDC, 2015: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.html ; RWJF, 2013-15: http://stateofobesity.org/states/az/; CDC, 2015: http://www.cdc.gov/pdf/facts_about_obesity_in_the_united_states.pdf
Focus on Fitness not Body Shape 6 • Similar Mortality/Health for all Fit people Whether: Normal weight… Overweight…Obese… Focus on PA, exercise, nutrition not weight loss!! References: Barry, Baruth et al, 2014: Fitness vs. Fatness on All- Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis; Google images: livestrong.com
Skyrocketing Diabetes Pre-diabetic already: 23+% of US teens , 86M adults 7 USA, 2012: Cost $245B [ 2.3x non-diabetic costs ] 30 1/3 of Prevalence% (US population) 25 Adults !! 20 15 Mexican-Americans Americans (all) 10 5 0 1960 1970E 1980 1990 2000 2010 2050P Notes: Diagnosed + undiagnosed diabetes, prevalence% of US population using same diag./undiag. ratio as in 2010 References: Pediatrics , 2012 in USNews, 5/21/2012 (youth prediabetes); Diabetes. org (adults); Boyle et al, 2010 (“middle-ground projs.); CDC, 2014: Long-term Trends in Diabetes; Schneiderman et al, 2014; Edunuity ests.; Google images: www.worldwideweirdnews.com
Chronic Conditions Higher Health Costs ~25% of Arizonans in AHCCCS; AZ pays =<50% 8 Medicaid: Annual Medical Expenditures per Adult (USA) $16,000 $14,000 $12,000 $10,000 $8,000 $6,000 $4,000 $2,000 $- No Chronic CVD (cardiovasc.) Diabetes Note: Annual medical expenditures per adult in Medicaid. References: Kaiser Family Foundation, 2012: The Role of Medicaid for Adults with Chronic Illnesses. AHCCCS Population Highlights, June 2015: 1,709,547 individuals. US Census, Arizona population, 2014 estimate, 6,731,484 https://www.azahcccs.gov/reporting/Downloads/PopulationStatistics/2015/Jun/AHCCCS_Population_Highlights.pdf Chronic conditions = vast majority of Medicaid costs: http://www.gallup.com/poll/161615/preventable-chronic-conditions-plague-medicaid-population.aspx
Psychological Devastation of Obesity 9 • Teen girls terrified of becoming fat • Body dissatisfaction anorexia & bulimia • Overweight lower grades, dropping out Notes: teen girls greater fears of becoming fat than losing parents. References: Google images, Mellin et al, 1991; Gustafson-Larson & Terry, 1992; Levine, 1987; Smolak, 2011; Stice, 2002
A Life Sentence 10 80+% of Student Unfitness continues as Adult Notes: 80% persistence of obesity from adolescence into adulthood. References: Google images: wupr.org; Brownell & Horgan, 2004; CDC, 2015; Herman, Craig, Gauvin, & Katzmarzyk, 2009; Whitaker, Wright, Pepe, Seidel, & Dietz, 1997
Health Care Costs Squeeze Schools School districts harmed & employees suffer 11 Reference: Council of Economic Advisers, 2009
Preventable Chronic Health Conditions CDC: 75% of all US health care costs 12 U.S. Social & Economic Costs: $500 B - $1 T per year Symptoms Causes • Heart Disease • Poor Nutrition • High Blood Pressure • Low Physical Activity • High Cholesterol • Smoking • Diabetes • Excess Alcohol • Obesity & Overweight • Genetics • Lung Cancer • Age • Other • Environment/Stress/Other References: ADA, AHA, CDC, AHA, 2011-15
Scalable AZ Results: Empower Youth Fitness (EYF) 4x More Fit Students, 7x more with Good Nutrition (F&V) 13 Notes: 35-40% of students receiving 60+ mins. PA/day; References: Jennifer Reeves, Principal Investigator, Empower Youth Fitness, 16 lower-income schools in Tucson, AZ; using Health-related Fitness Process, AZ, 2012 through spring 2015; contact: scott.turner@ edunuity.org
What are We Doing about It? 14 Reference: Google images: draletta.typepad.com
Balsz School District 15 • 5 Elementary & Middle Schools • 92% Poverty • Diverse Population
Why Health & Fitness? 16 School Impact on Children: - 50% of Kids’ Calories - Junk food, Sugary drinks at school vs.
Health & Fitness Student Success 17 Concentrate better on work • Higher attendance • Better behavior • Builds self-esteem • References: Google images
Balsz Policies 18 • Offer only nutritious foods in the cafeteria. • No competition with unhealthy options. • Vending machines must have healthy options. • Never use food as a reward or a punishment. • Limit unhealthy foods as fundraisers and encourage exercise as a part of fundraisers. • Limit celebrations to no more than 1 time per month and offer healthy alternatives at parties. • Encourage celebrations to include activity and play rather than simply sitting around and eating junk food.
Breakfast in Classrooms all low-income schools should do this NOW 19 • To school early • Start day with healthy nutrition • More regular attendance • Better grades, test scores (Frisvold, 2015)
Many National Programs for School Health similar policies & practices 20
Typical Program Goals & Approaches 21 • Strong school leadership for health & fitness • Effective, well-implemented wellness policies • Physical activity (PA) key part of daily life • Key personnel training • Environmental improvements • Evidence-based, goal-driven, results-oriented
Healthier US Schools Challenge HUSSC/USDA Balsz: Silver & Bronze 22 All Levels : Participates in SBP , NSLP , Team Nutrition; reimb. • meals & snacks sold meet USDA nutrition standards (Smart Snacks); “Smarter Lunchroom” in all six areas: Fruits, Veg., Entrees, Milk, Sales of Reimb. Meals, School Synergies Bronze : SBP , NSLP: no min. ADP%; 45 mins./week PE + PA • opportunities; 30-49 action items Silver : SBP: 20%+ ADP; NSLP: 60%+ NSLP; 45 mins./week • elem. PE; MS/HS: PE offered + PA opps.; 50-69 action items Gold : 90 mins./week elem. PE, MS/HS: PE offered; 70+ • action items (Balsz SD, Stanfield SD) Notes: SBP: School Breakfast Prog.; NSLP: Nat’l School Lunch Prog.; ADP: ave. daily participation
Alliance for a Healthier Generation Healthy Schools Program – School ratings 23 Bronze : School “team”, Implemented wellness • policies, Recess (elem./20 mins.), “Smart Snacks”, Free water (Alliance & USDA/HUSSC & Let’s Move Active Schools Bronze mutually qualify) Silver : Bronze + No PA as punishment, Not withhold • recess, No food reward/punishment, Smart Snacks for celebrations & anytime at school Gold : Silver + Access PA facilities outside school • hours, Smart Snacks for fundraising
Leadership for Change 24 It takes leadership to create change in schools We need to examine ourselves • School boards, superintendents, principals & PE • teachers lead Review recess times & supervision • Increase part-time staff time? • Train teachers on classroom exercises •
Balsz Summary 25 • All Balsz Schools earned Gold Level distinction with USDA Healthier US Schools Challenge • All Balsz Schools earned Bronze Level distinction with the Alliance for a Healthier Generation • Weekend Hunger Backpack Program • Souper Bowl and other Hunger related activities • Boys and Girls Club- Healthy Out of School Time Initiative • Arizona Town Hall at Cardinals Training Facility • All schools granted Empower Youth Fitness Program • NFL Play 60 activities and awards • Outdoor demonstration kitchen and community garden • Orchard trees donated to a school
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